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Greg Petroski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating Motor End Plate targeted injections of botulinum toxin type a in a canine model
Muscle & Nerve, 1998Co-Authors: Martin K. Childers, Joe N. Kornegay, Roger K. Aoki, Laura Otaviani, Daniel J. Bogan, Greg PetroskiAbstract:Tarsal joint forces were measured in dogs over 70 days following botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections. Three dogs were injected at Motor End-Plates located by electromyography (EMG), while 3 dogs were similarly injected, but without EMG guidance. Extension forces were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in limbs injected at Motor End-Plates than in corresponding limbs on days 14 and 35. There were no significant differences at other times. Using these techniques, EMG End-Plate targeting potentiates effects of BTX-A.
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Evaluating Motor End‐Plate‐targeted injections of botulinum toxin type A in a canine model
Muscle & nerve, 1998Co-Authors: Martin K. Childers, Joe N. Kornegay, Roger K. Aoki, Laura Otaviani, Daniel J. Bogan, Greg PetroskiAbstract:Tarsal joint forces were measured in dogs over 70 days following botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections. Three dogs were injected at Motor End-Plates located by electromyography (EMG), while 3 dogs were similarly injected, but without EMG guidance. Extension forces were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in limbs injected at Motor End-Plates than in corresponding limbs on days 14 and 35. There were no significant differences at other times. Using these techniques, EMG End-Plate targeting potentiates effects of BTX-A.
Martin K. Childers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating Motor End Plate targeted injections of botulinum toxin type a in a canine model
Muscle & Nerve, 1998Co-Authors: Martin K. Childers, Joe N. Kornegay, Roger K. Aoki, Laura Otaviani, Daniel J. Bogan, Greg PetroskiAbstract:Tarsal joint forces were measured in dogs over 70 days following botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections. Three dogs were injected at Motor End-Plates located by electromyography (EMG), while 3 dogs were similarly injected, but without EMG guidance. Extension forces were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in limbs injected at Motor End-Plates than in corresponding limbs on days 14 and 35. There were no significant differences at other times. Using these techniques, EMG End-Plate targeting potentiates effects of BTX-A.
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Evaluating Motor End‐Plate‐targeted injections of botulinum toxin type A in a canine model
Muscle & nerve, 1998Co-Authors: Martin K. Childers, Joe N. Kornegay, Roger K. Aoki, Laura Otaviani, Daniel J. Bogan, Greg PetroskiAbstract:Tarsal joint forces were measured in dogs over 70 days following botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections. Three dogs were injected at Motor End-Plates located by electromyography (EMG), while 3 dogs were similarly injected, but without EMG guidance. Extension forces were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in limbs injected at Motor End-Plates than in corresponding limbs on days 14 and 35. There were no significant differences at other times. Using these techniques, EMG End-Plate targeting potentiates effects of BTX-A.
Shigenobu Nagataki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Immunohistochemical study of utrophin and dystrophin at the Motor End-Plate in myasthenia gravis
Acta neuropathologica, 1996Co-Authors: Hijiri Ito, Toshiro Yoshimura, Akira Satoh, Mitsuhiro Tsujihata, Hirofumi Takino, Shigenobu NagatakiAbstract:We studied the densities of utrophin and dystrophin at the Motor End-Plates of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) using immunohistochemical analysis. The densities were compared with those found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and normal controls. Utrophin was reduced at the Motor End-Plates of MG patients, in association with a reduction of α-bungarotoxin binding sites. In contrast, the density of dystrophin at the Motor End-Plate of MG patients was not significantly different from that found in the controls. We conclude that, at the Motor End-Plate, utrophin may be more closely associated than dystrophin with the acetylcholine receptor, and that it plays a different role.
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Experimental neonatal autoimmune myasthenia gravis: an immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and electrophysiological study of the Motor End-Plate
Journal of the neurological sciences, 1995Co-Authors: Naoko Tetsuo, Toshiro Yoshimura, Akira Satoh, Mitsuhiro Tsujihata, Tatsufumi Nakamura, Makiko Seto, Shigenobu NagatakiAbstract:Neonatal rats born of and nursed by mothers immunized with Narke japonica acetylcholine receptor protein had elevated serum anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies that reached the mother's level on day 10 after delivery and decreased rapidly after weaning. IgG was present at the Motor End-Plates up to day 170, and the Motor End-Plate fine structure remained abnormal up to day 80. Miniature End-Plate potential amplitudes in the diaphragm were at the control levels within 10 days of birth, but were lower than those of the controls up to day 80 after birth. We could not obtain the direct evidence that transient synthesis of antibodies occurs in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis pups. This model can serve as an experimental model of transient neonatal myasthenia gravis in humans, exception for the route of antibody transfer and the time of the onset of illness.
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Study of antibodies to Motor End-Plate in ocular myasthenia gravis
Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology, 1991Co-Authors: Ikuo Kinoshita, Toshiro Yoshimura, Mitsuhiro Tsujihata, Masakatsu Motomura, Shigenobu NagatakiAbstract:This study was undertaken to investigate whether serum obtained from ocular MG with undetectable antibodies contains antibodies which bind to normal Motor End-Plates immunohistochemically. Nineteen patients with ocular MG were studied. Anti-AChR antibodies in serum were assayed by an immunoprecipitation method using human junctional AChR as the antigen. Anti-AChR antibodies in serum which bind to the junctional AChR at the Motor End-Plates were detected immunohistochemically by incubating the muscle with each serum. Bound IgG was detected by peroxidase labeled protein A (P-PA). IgG deposit at the own limb muscle Motor End-Plates (biceps brachii) was also detected by P-PA. Anti-AChR antibodies in serum were positive in 9 out of 19 patients and IgG antibodies bound to the junctional AChR were demonstrated in 16 of 19 patients. IgG bound to own End-Plates was observed in 13 of 14 patients studied. In 2 patients IgG was detected at the own End-Plates, but not at the not-self End-Plates. These findings indicate that detection of IgG at the limb muscle End-Plates serves for the diagnosis of ocular MG with undetectable antibodies in serum and anti-AChR antibodies in some patients may react exclusively with the autologous AChR.
Levent Özçakar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comment on ultrasound guidance for botulinum neurotoxin chemodenervation procedures toxins 2017 10 18 quintessential use of ultrasound guidance for botulinum toxin injections muscle innervation zone targeting revisited
Toxins, 2018Co-Authors: Bayram Kaymak, Fevziye Unsal Malas, Arzu Yagiz On, Murat Kara, Levent ÖzçakarAbstract:: Recently, the importance of targeting structures during botulinum neurotoxin applications has been discussed in a variety of disorders, including spasticity and dystonia. In this respect, the advantages of ultrasound imaging to traditional techniques have been emphasized. We would like underscore the importance of ultrasound guidance, with targeting innervation zone(s) of the over-active muscles to achieve effective clinical outcomes. Additionally, we also clarify the difference between the terms-innervation zone (Motor End Plate) and Motor point-which have been used by the authors as if they were the same. Further, we disagree with the authors about the intramuscular botulinum neurotoxin application techniques i.e., in-plane vs. out-of-plane whereby the former is, for sure, superior.
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Comment on Ultrasound Guidance for Botulinum Neurotoxin Chemodenervation Procedures. Toxins 2017, 10, 18—Quintessential Use of Ultrasound Guidance for Botulinum Toxin Injections—Muscle Innervation Zone Targeting Revisited
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Bayram Kaymak, Fevziye Unsal Malas, Murat Kara, Levent ÖzçakarAbstract:Recently, the importance of targeting structures during botulinum neurotoxin applications has been discussed in a variety of disorders, including spasticity and dystonia. In this respect, the advantages of ultrasound imaging to traditional techniques have been emphasized. We would like underscore the importance of ultrasound guidance, with targeting innervation zone(s) of the over-active muscles to achieve effective clinical outcomes. Additionally, we also clarify the difference between the terms—innervation zone (Motor End Plate) and Motor point—which have been used by the authors as if they were the same. Further, we disagree with the authors about the intramuscular botulinum neurotoxin application techniques i.e., in-plane vs. out-of-plane whereby the former is, for sure, superior
Wolfgang Dauber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On the connection between the T-system and the subsynaptic folds in the Motor End Plate of amphibians
Journal of Neurocytology, 2001Co-Authors: Tilman Voigt, Wolfgang Dauber, Xenia Härtel, Ralph SchönemannAbstract:Using lanthanum as an extracellular marker, the transition between the subsynaptic folds of the Motor End Plate and the T-system of frog muscle fibres is portrayed for the first time. On the lower segment of the subsynaptic folds of frogs, there are numerous caveolae which can connect with one another to form meandering, branching tubes. The T-system is in contact with these tubes (which run through the sarcoplasm) beneath the Motor End Plate. In those segments of the End Plate with massed sarcoplasm and a cell nucleus, these tubes form networks in close proximity to the cellular organelles. The morphological findings obtained here are compared with findings from mammals. The physiological significance of the transition between the subsynaptic fold and the T-system is discussed.
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The T-tubular network and its triads in the sole Plate sarcoplasm of the Motor End-Plate of mammals
Journal of Muscle Research & Cell Motility, 2000Co-Authors: Wolfgang Dauber, Tilman Voigt, Xenia Härtel, Joachim MayerAbstract:The transition between the subsynaptic folds and the T-tubules demonstrated in a former paper was further investigated in the sole Plate area by using the extracellular marker Lanthanum. A tubular network of the T-system of the sole Plate area which is connected to the subsynaptic folds and to the t-tubular elements between the myofibrils is described for the first time. T-tubules of this network criss-cross through the sarcoplasm of the sole Plate and lie in close proximity to sole Plate nuclei and mitochondria. Cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum of the sole Plate area make contact with these t-tubules forming triads. The possible physiological role of this sole Plate network and its triads will be discussed with regard to a transport of substances in tubules with the dimension of nanotubes and Ca^2+ activated processes in the sole Plate area.
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Junctions between subsynaptic folds and rough sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle fibres
Journal of Muscle Research & Cell Motility, 1999Co-Authors: Wolfgang Dauber, Tilman Voigt, Anne HeiniAbstract:Serial sections through Motor End Plate regions of mouse muscle fibres demonstrated junctions between the subsynaptic folds and the rough sarcoplasmic reticulum of the sole Plate nuclei. The shape of these structures resembles that of the well-known peripheral couplings, diads and triads of muscle fibres. However, the location of the new junctions between the surface membrane and the sole Plate nuclei at a large distance from myofibrils, indicates a different function. The connection with the rough sarcoplasmic reticulum possibly influence the regulation of fibre protein metabolism, for example, gene expression for acetylcholine receptor synthesis.