The Experts below are selected from a list of 9 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Edgar Petru - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fertility preservation and infertility treatment in breast cancer patients
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 2010Co-Authors: Edgar PetruAbstract:About 12% of breast cancer cases occur before the age of 35 years. Thus, young patients may consider preservation of ovarian function during cytotoxic therapy and/or childbearing after treatment. Besides the exposure to cytotoxic agents over several months, a significant number of patients will need sequential antihormonal therapy for years. Thus, even young patients at diagnosis may have to postpone pregnancy for years. At that time, the probability of pregnancy may per se be considerably reduced. Young patients per se carry a worse prognosis compared to their postmenopausal counterparts. Ovaries may harbor viable tumor cells. Premenopausal patients have a higher prevalence of BRCA gene mutation than older patients. Thus, even if the ovaries are preserved, the risk of developing cancer in the ovary may be high. Normal menstrual cyclicity after chemotherapy/antihormonal therapy does not preclude premature ovarian failure. After antineoplastic therapy, it is recommended to wait at least for two months before the evaluation of the ovarian function. The most reliable parameter to assess the ovarian reserve is the anti-Muellerian Factor (AMH; Muellerian Inhibiting Factor, MIF). Four randomized studies have investigated the protective effect of the GnRH analogue goserelin on ovarian function. Due to the inconsistent results observed, the concurrent administration of GnRH analogues with cytostatic chemotherapy now has to be considered experimental and cannot be recommended. Emergency in vitro fertilization may be performed between breast cancer diagnosis and the start of chemotherapy in selected cases. Extracorporal in vitro fertilization may be performed and the resultant embryo cryopreserved to preserve fertility. Etwa 12 % der Patientinnen mit Brustkrebs treten vor dem 35. Lebensjahr auf. Deshalb stellen der Fertilitätserhalt und/oder das Eintreten einer Schwangerschaft nach Abschluss der zytotoxischen Therapie relevante Themen dar. Neben der mehrmonatigen Exposition gegenüber Zytostatika benötigt eine relevante Anzahl von Patientinnen auch eine sequentielle langjährige antihormonelle Therapie. Deshalb müssen auch besonders junge Patientinnen bei Diagnosestellung ihre Schwangerschaft oft über viele Jahre auf einen Zeitpunkt, zu dem per se die Wahrscheinlichkeit, schwanger zu werden, schon reduziert ist, verschieben. Junge Patientinnen weisen per se eine schlechtere Prognose als ältere Patientinnen auf. Die Ovarien können viable Tumorzellen beherbergen. Prämenopausale Patientinnen weisen eine höhere Prävalenz für eine BRCA-Genmutation auf als ältere. Wenn die Ovarien belassen werden, kann das Ovarialkarzinomrisiko hoch sein. Ein normaler Menstruationszyklus nach Chemo- und/oder antihormoneller Therapie schließt eine vorzeitige Ovarialinsuffizienz nicht aus. Nach antineoplastischer Therapie wird das Abwarten von mindestens 2 Monaten empfohlen, bevor die Ovarialfunktion untersucht werden soll. Der zuverlässigste Parameter der Ovarialreserve ist das Anti-Müllersche Hormon bzw. der Anti-Müllersche Faktor (AMH bzw. AMF). 4 randomisierte Studien haben einen protektiven Effekt des GnRH-Analogs Goserelin auf die Ovarialfunktion untersucht. Wegen der inkonsistenten Resultate kann die begleitende Verabreichung von GnRH-Analoga mit zytostatischer Therapie derzeit nur als experimentell angesehen und nicht empfohlen werden. Die sogenannte "Notfalls- in vitro Fertilisierung" kann bei selektierten Patientinnen zwischen der Brustkrebsdiagnose und dem Start einer Chemotherapie erwogen werden. Nach der extrakorporalen Befruchtung kann der Embryo zwecks Fertilitätserhalt tiefgefroren werden.
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Fertility preservation and infertility treatment in breast cancer patients.
Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2010Co-Authors: Edgar PetruAbstract:About 12% of breast cancer cases occur before the age of 35 years. Thus, young patients may consider preservation of ovarian function during cytotoxic therapy and/or childbearing after treatment. Besides the exposure to cytotoxic agents over several months, a significant number of patients will need sequential antihormonal therapy for years. Thus, even young patients at diagnosis may have to postpone pregnancy for years. At that time, the probability of pregnancy may per se be considerably reduced. Young patients per se carry a worse prognosis compared to their postmenopausal counterparts. Ovaries may harbor viable tumor cells. Premenopausal patients have a higher prevalence of BRCA gene mutation than older patients. Thus, even if the ovaries are preserved, the risk of developing cancer in the ovary may be high. Normal menstrual cyclicity after chemotherapy/antihormonal therapy does not preclude premature ovarian failure. After antineoplastic therapy, it is recommended to wait at least for two months before the evaluation of the ovarian function. The most reliable parameter to assess the ovarian reserve is the anti-Muellerian Factor (AMH; Muellerian Inhibiting Factor, MIF). Four randomized studies have investigated the protective effect of the GnRH analogue goserelin on ovarian function. Due to the inconsistent results observed, the concurrent administration of GnRH analogues with cytostatic chemotherapy now has to be considered experimental and cannot be recommended. Emergency in vitro fertilization may be performed between breast cancer diagnosis and the start of chemotherapy in selected cases. Extracorporal in vitro fertilization may be performed and the resultant embryo cryopreserved to preserve fertility.
Slobodan Vukicevic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Use of Mass Spectrometry in Characterization of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins from Biological Samples
Tandem Mass Spectrometry - Applications and Principles, 2012Co-Authors: Genadij Razdorov, Slobodan VukicevicAbstract:1.1 Bone morphogenetic proteins Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are family of growth Factors. (Chen et al., 2004; Vukicevic & Sampath, 2008) Discovered in context of bone biology, today they are recognized as important signaling molecules in wide range of biological processes, such as vertebrate embryonic development (Hogan, 1996), mesenchymal stem cell differentiation (Vukicevic & Grgurevic, 2009), kidney fibrosis, and more. For the last years BMP-2 and BMP-7 are used as therapeutics in orthopedics, harnessing their regenerative potential as growth Factors. From the onset of medicine scholars have been aware of the bone regenerative potential. In 1965. Urist was first to show that demineralized bone matrix (DBM) can induce bone growth if implanted into extraskeletal site. Active component from DBM was named bone morphogenetic protein by Urist & Strates (1971). Purification, cloning and sequencing of BMP was done almost 20 years later by Wozney et al. (1988). They showed that BMP is not a single protein but a family of growth Factors. From introduction of the BMP term through cloning and sequencing of individual BMPs in late 1980s, scientific output in the field has constantly grown and has exceeded 1500 papers in 2010. (Figure 1) BMPs are part of transforming growth Factor (TGF) superfamily of proteins. In humans TGFsuperfamily constitutes of 37 proteins. (Figure 2) Beside BMPs, TGFsuperfamily includes TGFproteins, inhibins (INH), growth/differentiation Factors (GDF) and few others: artemin (ARTN), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic Factor (GDNF), left-right determination Factor 1 (LFTY1), LFTY2, Muellerian-Inhibiting Factor (MIS), nodal homolog (NODAL), neurturin (NRTN) and persephin (PSPN). BMPs are functionally and structurally very conserved throughout animal kingdom. Their biological importance is reflected through functional and structural redundancy of different BMPs in single species. BMPs are translated as pre-propeptides. Signal peptide targets them for secretion out of cell. Prodomain is two thirds to four fifths of total peptide length and The Use of Mass Spectrometry in Characterization of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins from Biological Samples
Genadij Razdorov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Use of Mass Spectrometry in Characterization of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins from Biological Samples
Tandem Mass Spectrometry - Applications and Principles, 2012Co-Authors: Genadij Razdorov, Slobodan VukicevicAbstract:1.1 Bone morphogenetic proteins Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are family of growth Factors. (Chen et al., 2004; Vukicevic & Sampath, 2008) Discovered in context of bone biology, today they are recognized as important signaling molecules in wide range of biological processes, such as vertebrate embryonic development (Hogan, 1996), mesenchymal stem cell differentiation (Vukicevic & Grgurevic, 2009), kidney fibrosis, and more. For the last years BMP-2 and BMP-7 are used as therapeutics in orthopedics, harnessing their regenerative potential as growth Factors. From the onset of medicine scholars have been aware of the bone regenerative potential. In 1965. Urist was first to show that demineralized bone matrix (DBM) can induce bone growth if implanted into extraskeletal site. Active component from DBM was named bone morphogenetic protein by Urist & Strates (1971). Purification, cloning and sequencing of BMP was done almost 20 years later by Wozney et al. (1988). They showed that BMP is not a single protein but a family of growth Factors. From introduction of the BMP term through cloning and sequencing of individual BMPs in late 1980s, scientific output in the field has constantly grown and has exceeded 1500 papers in 2010. (Figure 1) BMPs are part of transforming growth Factor (TGF) superfamily of proteins. In humans TGFsuperfamily constitutes of 37 proteins. (Figure 2) Beside BMPs, TGFsuperfamily includes TGFproteins, inhibins (INH), growth/differentiation Factors (GDF) and few others: artemin (ARTN), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic Factor (GDNF), left-right determination Factor 1 (LFTY1), LFTY2, Muellerian-Inhibiting Factor (MIS), nodal homolog (NODAL), neurturin (NRTN) and persephin (PSPN). BMPs are functionally and structurally very conserved throughout animal kingdom. Their biological importance is reflected through functional and structural redundancy of different BMPs in single species. BMPs are translated as pre-propeptides. Signal peptide targets them for secretion out of cell. Prodomain is two thirds to four fifths of total peptide length and The Use of Mass Spectrometry in Characterization of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins from Biological Samples