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Lourdes Garciarodriguez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermoeconomic comparison of integrating seawater desalination processes in a concentrating solar power plant of 5 mwe
Desalination, 2016Co-Authors: Bartolome Ortegadelgado, Lourdes Garciarodriguez, Diegocesar AlarconpadillaAbstract:Abstract In this work a thermoeconomic analysis of the joint production of electricity and water for a simulated 5 MWe Solar Thermal Power Plant (STPP) based on parabolic trough mirrors and Direct Steam Generation (DSG) is carried out. The location considered for this plant is Almeria, in southeast of Spain. Two different seawater technologies have been selected to be coupled with the STPP: Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO). The Power Block (PB) has been designed to maximize the thermal efficiency, including regeneration and reheating. Four coupling arrangements have been investigated: the MED replacing the condenser of the PB, the MED being fed by one steam extraction of the PB, the RO directly using the electricity generated in the PB and the RO connected to the local grid. Results show that the best coupling option is with the RO unit being connected to the local grid, which produces the lower Levelized Water Cost (LWC).
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exergy and thermo economic analyses of a combined solar organic cycle with multi effect Distillation med desalination process
Desalination, 2011Co-Authors: M A Sharaf, A S Nafey, Lourdes GarciarodriguezAbstract:Abstract Solar energy with different configurations of Multi-Effect Distillation process is thermo-economically evaluated. In this work, two different combined solar cycles with different configurations of multi effect Distillation (MED) processes are considered. In the first technique, the solar energy is directly utilized from the solar collector field via evaporator heat exchanger to the first effect of the MED process. This technique produces only potable water. In the second technique, the exhausted energy from the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) turbine is used in the first effect of the MED process. The second technique produces power electricity and desalted water. The comparison is implemented according to the operation of Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) with toluene organic oil and water working fluids. Therminol-VP1 Heat Transfer Oil (HTO) is considered for indirect vapor generation operation across the solar field and evaporator heat exchanger. The comparisons are manipulated according to 100 m 3 /day of distillate product as a case study. As a result, only desalination technique is considered more attractive than desalination and power technique due to higher gain ratio and lower solar field area needed. Parallel feed configuration is dominated against the forward feed with feed heater configuration while increasing the number of effects to more than 12 effects.
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thermo economic analysis of solar thermal power cycles assisted med vc multi effect Distillation vapor compression desalination processes
Energy, 2011Co-Authors: M A Sharaf, A S Nafey, Lourdes GarciarodriguezAbstract:Abstract Solar power assisted different techniques of MED-VC (multi effect Distillation-vapor compression) processes is thermo-economically analyzed and evaluated. In this work, two techniques of solar power cycles are considered to power on MED-PF-TVC, MVC (multi effect Distillation thermal and mechanical vapor compressions). In the first technique, the developed solar thermal power is directly transmitted from the solar collector field via boiler heat exchanger unit toward the steam ejector of the MED-PF-TVC process. In the second technique, the electrical power generated from the SORC (Solar Organic Rankine Cycle) is used to power on the vapor compressor of the MED-PF-MVC process. The comparison is implemented according to the operation of PTC (parabolic trough collector) with Toluene organic oil and Water working fluids (2nd technique). Therminol-VP1 HTO (Heat Transfer Oil) is considered across the solar field and water is considered for boiler heat exchanger (1st technique). A case study is performed according to 4545 m 3 /day of distillate product. As a result, reducing the value of compression ratio with increasing the evaporator’s numbers would reduce the specific power consumption, solar field area, and thermo-economic costs. Also it is clear that the operation of steam ejector would increase the gain ratio instead of increasing the evaporator’s numbers.
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design recommendations for a multi effect Distillation plant connected to a double effect absorption heat pump a solar desalination case study
Desalination, 2010Co-Authors: Diego C Alarconpadilla, Lourdes Garciarodriguez, Julian BlancogalvezAbstract:This paper deals with the design of a solar thermal desalination system based on a Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) plant connected to a double-effect absorption heat pump (DEAHP). To date, the only two demonstration projects employing this technology worldwide have been implemented at the PSA (Almeria, Spain). Two different prototypes of a DEAHP (LiBr–H2O), manufactured by the French company ENTROPIE, were connected to an existing Multi-Effect Distillation unit (nominal PR 10.5) in 1991 and 2005, respectively. This paper presents the first experimentally validated design proposal for a solar desalination system based on MED-DEAHP technology. The overall performance ratio, experimentally measured at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria test facilities, was 20, which results in a 50% of reduction of the required solar field area compared to a solar MED system.
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experimental assessment of connection of an absorption heat pump to a multi effect Distillation unit
Desalination, 2010Co-Authors: Diego C Alarconpadilla, Lourdes Garciarodriguez, Julia LancogalvezAbstract:Abstract Theoretical analysis of integrating an absorption heat pump cycle in a Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) process has shown better performance than with other types of heat pumps conventionally used as thermocompressors. However, to date, only two pilot facilities have been implemented worldwide. Both of them have been developed and tested in the framework of two different research and demonstration projects carried out at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Spain). Two different double-effect absorption (LiBr–H 2 O) heat pump (DEAHP) prototypes were coupled to an existing 14-effect MED unit. This paper reports the results of the experimental assessment of integrating the second prototype in the process. Although the initial design of the DEAHP prototype was based on fitting it to the MED unit power demand and their direct connection, the prototype was unable to achieve steady operation in this configuration. However, the indirect connection of both units by means of two auxiliary tanks was successful. An overall performance ratio of 20 was measured; therefore, integration of the DEAHP doubles the performance ratio of the MED unit alone, although the temperature of the external heat input required is increased from 70 °C to 180 °C.
Diegocesar Alarconpadilla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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parametric study of a multi effect Distillation plant with thermal vapor compression for its integration into a rankine cycle power block
Desalination, 2016Co-Authors: Bartolome Ortegadelgado, Patricia Palenzuela, Diegocesar AlarconpadillaAbstract:Abstract This paper presents a parametric study of a Multi-Effect Distillation plant with thermal vapor compression (MED-TVC) for the analysis of its coupling with a Rankine cycle power block. In particular, the effect of the motive and suction steam pressures on the Gain Output Ratio (GOR), fresh water production, the specific heat transfer area and other key variables in an MED-TVC unit has been analyzed. For this purpose, a mathematical model of the MED-TVC system has been firstly developed and validated against actual data from Trapani MED-TVC industrial plant [1]. Different motive steam pressures corresponding to the turbine steam extractions available at a commercial power block have been taken, and the suction pressure has been varied by locating the thermocompressor in different effects. It was found an optimum value of the reduction of the heat transfer area of the evaporators after the suction point such that minimizes the specific heat transfer area. Moreover, results showed that there is an optimum position of the thermocompressor that maximizes the GOR for every motive steam pressure. The results of this work can be very useful to identify the best operation modes when a MED-TVC unit is integrated into a Rankine cycle power block.
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thermoeconomic comparison of integrating seawater desalination processes in a concentrating solar power plant of 5 mwe
Desalination, 2016Co-Authors: Bartolome Ortegadelgado, Lourdes Garciarodriguez, Diegocesar AlarconpadillaAbstract:Abstract In this work a thermoeconomic analysis of the joint production of electricity and water for a simulated 5 MWe Solar Thermal Power Plant (STPP) based on parabolic trough mirrors and Direct Steam Generation (DSG) is carried out. The location considered for this plant is Almeria, in southeast of Spain. Two different seawater technologies have been selected to be coupled with the STPP: Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO). The Power Block (PB) has been designed to maximize the thermal efficiency, including regeneration and reheating. Four coupling arrangements have been investigated: the MED replacing the condenser of the PB, the MED being fed by one steam extraction of the PB, the RO directly using the electricity generated in the PB and the RO connected to the local grid. Results show that the best coupling option is with the RO unit being connected to the local grid, which produces the lower Levelized Water Cost (LWC).
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large scale solar desalination by combination with csp techno economic analysis of different options for the mediterranean sea and the arabian gulf
Desalination, 2015Co-Authors: Patricia Palenzuela, Diegocesar Alarconpadilla, Guillermo ZaragozaAbstract:Abstract The combination of desalination with concentrated solar power (CSP) plants (CSP + D) is considered as the most realistic opportunity for the development of large-scale desalination with solar energy. The availability of solar power and waste heat in CSP plants offers possibilities for both reverse osmosis (RO) and thermal desalination systems. In the case of RO the combination can be done directly by transporting the electricity. In the case of thermal desalination technologies there are different alternatives for coupling with CSP plants which can offer advantages with respect to the CSP + RO combination such as the reduction of the cooling needs of the power cycle. A techno-economic analysis of different schemes of Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) systems coupled with CSP plants is presented here and compared to the CSP + RO option. The study is done using validated models of MED plants and considering the three conventional cooling methods available in CSP plants: dry cooling, once-through and wet cooling. The analysis is performed using operating conditions of real plants. The comparisons are done for the two main regions where the cogeneration of electricity and fresh water using CSP + D is proposed: the Mediterranean basin and the Arabian Gulf.
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evaluation of cooling technologies of concentrated solar power plants and their combination with desalination in the mediterranean area
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013Co-Authors: Patricia Palenzuela, Diegocesar Alarconpadilla, Guillermo Zaragoza, J BlancoAbstract:Abstract Different alternatives for the effective integration of desalination technologies in the cooling of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants in the Mediterranean area are discussed and evaluated. Two cases are considered where a low temperature Multi-Effect Distillation (LT-MED) plant is integrated into a CSP plant replacing the condenser of the power cycle. In one case, a LT-MED plant is fed by steam at the outlet of the turbine expanded to 70 °C. In the other case a LT-MED is fed by the steam obtained from a thermal vapour compressor (TVC) which uses the exhaust steam of the CSP plant (at 37 °C, 0.063 bar) together with some from the high pressure turbine extraction (17 bar). The two cases are compared with that of a reverse osmosis (RO) unit powered by the electricity produced by the CSP plant. In this case, two different wet cooling technologies, once-through and evaporative water cooling, and a dry air cooling are considered for the CSP plant. Thermodynamic simulations are presented for all cases, together with an economic analysis.
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application of absorption heat pumps to multi effect Distillation a case study of solar desalination
Desalination, 2007Co-Authors: Diegocesar Alarconpadilla, Lourdes GarciarodriguezAbstract:Abstract The coupling of a double-effect absorption heat pump and a Multi-Effect Distillation unit was demonstrated at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria (CIEMAT), Spain, within a solar desalination research project. Improvements that were identified have been implemented in a new prototype within the framework of the European project entitled AQUASOL (March 2002 – February 2006). The prototype, which will be tested during the demonstration phase of this project, is expected to consume about half of the Multi-Effect Distillation unit but at a higher temperature, 180 °C. This paper points out different advantages of coupling an absorption heat pump to a Multi-Effect Distillation system which could significantly increase the competitiveness of both conventional and solar powered Multi-Effect Distillation plants. In addition, this paper shows that intensive research should be carried out for optimising and assessing such a desalination system.
Yan Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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performance of steam ejector with nonequilibrium condensation for multi effect Distillation with thermal vapour compression med tvc seawater desalination system
Desalination, 2020Co-Authors: Yan YangAbstract:Abstract The single-phase and two-phase flow models are developed and compared for the performance evaluation of a steam ejector for the Multi-Effect Distillation with thermal vapour compression (MED-TVC) seawater desalination system. The results show that a single-phase flow model with ignoring the phase change predicts an unphysical temperature of the steam in the supersonic flow with the minimum value of approximately 122 K, which raises the query of the formation of the ice. The two-phase wet steam model corrects the distribution of the flow parameter by predicting the heat and mass transfer during the phase change. The steam achieves the first nonequilibrium condensation process inside the primary nozzle and another four alternating condensation and re-evaporation processes. The single-phase flow model under-predicts the entropy loss coefficient by approximately 15% than the two-phase wet steam model. The performance comparison is achieved against the single-phase model to present the accuracy of the two-phase model for the steam ejector simulation. This demonstrates that the nonequilibrium condensation is essential for the performance analysis of steam ejectors for MED-TVC seawater desalination system.
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Steam ejector performance considering phase transition for Multi-Effect Distillation with thermal vapour compression (MED-TVC) desalination system
Applied Energy, 2020Co-Authors: Chuang Wen, Hongbing Ding, Liang Gong, Yan YangAbstract:Abstract The Multi-Effect Distillation with thermal vapour compression (MED-TVC) desalination system is efficient to produce freshwater. The steam ejector performance is not fully understood as the phase transition has been ignored in many studies. The present work develops a two-phase condensing flow model to assess the steam ejector performance considering nonequilibrium condensation phenomena. The transition of the flow structure from an under-expanded flow to an over-expanded flow in the steam ejector is investigated in detail. We present that the maximum Mach number can reach 4.02 in the under-expanded flow, which is weakened to 2.88 in the over-expanded flow. The steam undergoes several expansion-compression processes in the steam ejector in the under-expanded flow, which induces the formation and evaporation of massive droplets. In the over-expanded flow, the steam is compressed and then expanded after leaving the primary nozzle and the condensation process is not observed in mixing and constant sections. The increasing suction chamber pressure significantly improves the entrainment ratio while leading to an increasing entropy loss coefficient. The entrainment ratio is improved from 0.25 for the under-expanded flow to 1.69 for the over-expanded flow, while the entropy loss increases from 0.081 for the under-expanded flow to 0.29 for the over-expanded flow. This indicates that the transition of the flow structure from an under-expanded flow to an over-expanded flow can entrain more steam from the last effect while causes more entropy losses in a steam ejector for the MED-TVC desalination system.
Patricia Palenzuela - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multi-objective optimization of a Concentrating Solar Power + Photovoltaic + Multi-Effect Distillation plant: Understanding the impact of the solar irradiation and the plant location
'Elsevier BV', 2021Co-Authors: Carlos Mata-torres, Patricia Palenzuela, Diego-césar Alarcón-padilla, Adriana Zurita, José M. Cardemil, Rodrigo A. EscobarAbstract:This research work presents the assessment of the impact of the solar irradiation, the distance from the coast, and the altitude of the location for a Concentrated Solar Power + Photovoltaic + Multi-Effect Distillation (CSP + PV + MED) plant for simultaneous power generation and seawater desalination. For that, a comparative analysis of the thermoeconomic cost of electricity and water (TCE and TCW) at different locations is carried out to determine the most competitive sites where this kind of cogeneration plant can be deployed. Also, multi-objective optimization is performed to assess the optimum sizing that allows reducing the costs. The study considers four Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) levels (from 2000 to 3500 kWh/m2-yr), six distances from the sea (from 5 to 100 km), and six altitudes (from 20 to 1000 m.a.s.l.). The results show that solar irradiation has the most significant effect on the TCE and TCW, the distance to the sea affects the TCW considerably, and the altitude has a moderate impact despite its impact is substantially lower than the other two factors. Also, cost maps of the TCE and TCW giving insights about which locations have a higher potential for developing CSP + PV + MED plants are presented. From these maps, it has been found that the potential inland locations to reach TCE and TCW under 100 $/MWh and TCW 2 $/m3 should have high DNI (at least 300 kWh/m2-yr above the coast level), distances from the coast up to 60 km, and altitudes up to 750–1000 m
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parametric study of a multi effect Distillation plant with thermal vapor compression for its integration into a rankine cycle power block
Desalination, 2016Co-Authors: Bartolome Ortegadelgado, Patricia Palenzuela, Diegocesar AlarconpadillaAbstract:Abstract This paper presents a parametric study of a Multi-Effect Distillation plant with thermal vapor compression (MED-TVC) for the analysis of its coupling with a Rankine cycle power block. In particular, the effect of the motive and suction steam pressures on the Gain Output Ratio (GOR), fresh water production, the specific heat transfer area and other key variables in an MED-TVC unit has been analyzed. For this purpose, a mathematical model of the MED-TVC system has been firstly developed and validated against actual data from Trapani MED-TVC industrial plant [1]. Different motive steam pressures corresponding to the turbine steam extractions available at a commercial power block have been taken, and the suction pressure has been varied by locating the thermocompressor in different effects. It was found an optimum value of the reduction of the heat transfer area of the evaporators after the suction point such that minimizes the specific heat transfer area. Moreover, results showed that there is an optimum position of the thermocompressor that maximizes the GOR for every motive steam pressure. The results of this work can be very useful to identify the best operation modes when a MED-TVC unit is integrated into a Rankine cycle power block.
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large scale solar desalination by combination with csp techno economic analysis of different options for the mediterranean sea and the arabian gulf
Desalination, 2015Co-Authors: Patricia Palenzuela, Diegocesar Alarconpadilla, Guillermo ZaragozaAbstract:Abstract The combination of desalination with concentrated solar power (CSP) plants (CSP + D) is considered as the most realistic opportunity for the development of large-scale desalination with solar energy. The availability of solar power and waste heat in CSP plants offers possibilities for both reverse osmosis (RO) and thermal desalination systems. In the case of RO the combination can be done directly by transporting the electricity. In the case of thermal desalination technologies there are different alternatives for coupling with CSP plants which can offer advantages with respect to the CSP + RO combination such as the reduction of the cooling needs of the power cycle. A techno-economic analysis of different schemes of Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) systems coupled with CSP plants is presented here and compared to the CSP + RO option. The study is done using validated models of MED plants and considering the three conventional cooling methods available in CSP plants: dry cooling, once-through and wet cooling. The analysis is performed using operating conditions of real plants. The comparisons are done for the two main regions where the cogeneration of electricity and fresh water using CSP + D is proposed: the Mediterranean basin and the Arabian Gulf.
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evaluation of cooling technologies of concentrated solar power plants and their combination with desalination in the mediterranean area
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013Co-Authors: Patricia Palenzuela, Diegocesar Alarconpadilla, Guillermo Zaragoza, J BlancoAbstract:Abstract Different alternatives for the effective integration of desalination technologies in the cooling of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants in the Mediterranean area are discussed and evaluated. Two cases are considered where a low temperature Multi-Effect Distillation (LT-MED) plant is integrated into a CSP plant replacing the condenser of the power cycle. In one case, a LT-MED plant is fed by steam at the outlet of the turbine expanded to 70 °C. In the other case a LT-MED is fed by the steam obtained from a thermal vapour compressor (TVC) which uses the exhaust steam of the CSP plant (at 37 °C, 0.063 bar) together with some from the high pressure turbine extraction (17 bar). The two cases are compared with that of a reverse osmosis (RO) unit powered by the electricity produced by the CSP plant. In this case, two different wet cooling technologies, once-through and evaporative water cooling, and a dry air cooling are considered for the CSP plant. Thermodynamic simulations are presented for all cases, together with an economic analysis.
Carlos Gomezcamacho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermoeconomic analysis of a solar parabolic trough collector Distillation plant
Desalination, 1999Co-Authors: Lourdes Garciarodriguez, Carlos GomezcamachoAbstract:Abstract Thermoeconomy, which is based on the Systems Theory and the Second Law of Thermodynamic, gives strategies for diagnoses and control of energetic systems (these are systems which consume great amounts of energy). In this paper a thermoeconomic analysis of a multi-stage flash and a Multi-Effect Distillation plant coupled to a solar parabolic trough collector field have been made. The analysis was particularized to the climatic conditions of the Plataforma Solar de Almeria (PSA), a research centre in southeastern Spain, and could be generalized to coastal areas in southern Spain. Conclusions of this paper are useful for designing, for preliminary evaluation of distilled water cost, and for finding possible improvements in solar parabolic trough collector Distillation plants. In addition, the importance of knowing in detail the climatic conditions (especially irradiant transients), for designing and for cost evaluation, is pointed out.
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design parameter selection for a Distillation system coupled to a solar parabolic trough collector
Desalination, 1999Co-Authors: Lourdes Garciarodriguez, Carlos GomezcamachoAbstract:In this paper a seawater multi-stage flash and a Multi-Effect Distillation system, coupled to a solar parabolic trough collector (PTC) field, are considered. The influence on distilled water production of the main operation and design parameters was studied by thermodynamic analysis. The parameters analyzed define the solar field, the thermal storage and the desalination plant. Firstly, the orientation of the collector axis is determined by the axis azimuth and height. Secondly, the solar field is defined by the distances between rows and columns, the rows azimuth and the number of collectors as the inlet/outlet temperatures of the thermal fluid determine its operation. Finally, the main characteristics of the thermal storage and the desalination plant are the respective capacities and the desalination unit performance ratio and energy supply temperature. The analysis performed is useful not only for selection of the most suitable parameters to increase production, but also for prediction of the water production of a particular system and for water cost calculations. The place selected for this study was the Plataforma Solar de Almeria research center, located in southeastern Spain where a solar Multi-Effect Distillation plant was installed in 1988. Results could be generalized to coastal areas in southern Spain.