The Experts below are selected from a list of 60 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Athol Thomson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN Musculoskeletal Stiffness AND LOWER LIMB INJURY IN ATHLETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Athol ThomsonAbstract:Background Lower limb injuries are prevalent in sports involving running, hopping and jumping. Musculoskeletal lower limb Stiffness is a modifiable mechanical property that may be related to injury risk in athletes. Design Systematic Review. Objective Examine the relationship between Musculoskeletal Stiffness and lower limb injury in athletes. Methods Literature searching was undertaken on 3 electronic databases (MEDLINE/SPORTDiscus/google scholar) up to September 2013. All prospective and case-control studies evaluating lower limb MSK Stiffness and injury in athletes were included. Two researchers independently extracted outcome data and assessed the quality of included studies using a modified Downs and Black index. Effect sizes were calculated using RevMan software (version 5.2). Results 11 studies (6 prospective and 5 case controlled) were identified, comprising a total of 474 participants (378 M, 96 F) with a mean age range of 13–39 years. The majority of studies (9 out of 11) were undertaken on international or elite athletes. Quality index scores ranged from 13 to 16 (max 19). Athletes with a history of unilateral lower limb injury displayed less Stiffness when compared to their un-injured contralateral sides. Pooled data from three case control studies also found tendon Stiffness was significantly lower in athletes with tendinopathy compared to un-injured matched controls (SMD 0.70, 95% CI 0.07–1.48). Data from prospective studies could not be pooled due to clinical heterogeneity. There was a clear trend that athletes with bilateral differences in leg Stiffness or higher mean leg Stiffness were more likely to develop a non-contact lower limb injury. Conclusions Case controlled studies show a clear relationship between Musculoskeletal Stiffness and athletic injury. Prospective research provides further evidence that Musculoskeletal Stiffness may have an important causal role; however this may be implicated by previous injury.
Kenneth G Holt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Musculoskeletal Stiffness changes linearly in response to increasing load during walking gait
Journal of Biomechanics, 2015Co-Authors: Robert R Caron, Cara L Lewis, Elliot Saltzman, Robert C Wagenaar, Kenneth G HoltAbstract:Development of biologically inspired exoskeletons to assist soldiers in carrying load is a rapidly expanding field. Understanding how the body modulates Stiffness in response to changing loads may inform the development of these exoskeletons and is the purpose of the present study. Seventeen subjects walked on a treadmill at a constant preferred walking velocity while nine different backpack loading conditions ranging from 12.5% to 40% bodyweight (BW) were introduced in an ascending and then descending order. Kinematic data were collected using Optotrak, a 3D motion analysis system, and used to estimate the position of the center of mass (COM). Two different estimates of Stiffness were computed for the stance phase of gait. Both measures of Stiffness were positively and linearly related to load magnitudes, with the slopes of the relationships being larger for the descending than the ascending conditions. These results indicate that changes in mechanical Stiffness brought about in the Musculoskeletal system vary systematically during increases in load to ensure that critical kinematic variables measured in a previous publication remain invariant (Caron et al., 2013). Changes in Stiffness and other kinematics measured at the 40% BW condition suggest a boundary in which gait Stiffness control limit is reached and a new gait pattern is required. Since soldiers are now carrying up to 96% of body weight, the need for research with even heavier loads is warranted. These findings have implications on the development of exoskeletons to assist in carrying loads.
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increased Musculoskeletal Stiffness during load carriage at increasing walking speeds maintains constant vertical excursion of the body center of mass
Journal of Biomechanics, 2003Co-Authors: Robert C Wagenaar, Kenneth G Holt, Michael Lafiandra, Masayoshi Kubo, John P ObusekAbstract:Abstract The primary objective of this research was to determine changes in body and joint Stiffness parameters and kinematics of the knee and body center of mass (COM), that result from wearing a backpack (BP) with a 40% body weight load at increasing speeds of walking. It was hypothesized that there would be speed and load-related increases in Stiffness that would prevent significant deviations in the COM trajectory and in lower-extremity joint angles. Three independent biomechanical models employing kinematic data were used to estimate global lower-extremity Stiffness, vertical Stiffness and knee joint rotational Stiffness in the sagittal plane during walking on a treadmill at speeds of 0.6–1.6 m s−1 in 0.2 m s−1 increments in BP and no backpack conditions. Kinematic data were collected using an Optotrak, three-dimensional motion analysis system. Knee angles and vertical excursion of the COM during the compression (loading phase) increased as a function of speed but not load. All three estimates of Stiffness showed significant increases as a function of both speed and load. Significant interaction effects indicated a convergence of load-related Stiffness values at lower speeds. Results suggested that increases in muscle-mediated Stiffness are used to maintain a constant vertical excursion of the COM under load across the speeds tested, and thereby limit increases in metabolic cost that would occur if the COM would travel through greater vertical range of motion.
Geraldine Naughton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of data reduction on the intra trial reliability of a typical measure of lower limb Musculoskeletal Stiffness
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Mark Peter Moresi, Elizabeth J Bradshaw, David Greene, Geraldine NaughtonAbstract:AbstractDouble-leg repeated jumping tasks are commonly used as measures of lower limb Stiffness in exercise science research. Within similar Stiffness calculations, variation in data-reduction criteria exists. The impact of these varied data-reduction methods on Stiffness measures is unknown. Sixteen adolescent female participants from varied physical activity backgrounds performed 15 self-paced, bent-knee continuous jumps (CJb) on two force plates. Leg Stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the peak force and the centre of mass displacement for each contact. Using combinations of criteria based on previous literature, 83 data-reduction methods were applied to the raw data. Data reduction suitability was assessed based on intra-trial reliability, the number of participants excluded and the average contacts excluded. Four data-reduction methods were deemed suitable for use with adolescent female populations, with three consecutive contacts within 1 SD of the average jump frequency considered optimal. The...
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lower limb Musculoskeletal Stiffness can predict overuse injuries in high level adolecsent female athletes
ISBS - Conference Proceedings Archive, 2012Co-Authors: Mark Peter Moresi, Elizabeth J Bradshaw, David Greene, Geraldine NaughtonAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether measures of lower limb Musculoskeletal Stiffness (MSS) can prospectively predict overuse injuries in adolescent female athletes. Thirty-nine athletes from high-impact sports (gymnastics and track & field) completed a series of repeat jumps on force plates at baseline and 12 months later. Sport-related injuries were tracked using a self-report questionnaire. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves established the predictive ability and appropriate cut-off value of baseline MSS measures. Logistic regression based on the ROC findings showed measures of MSS were able to correctly categorise 77% (p<0.01) of the prospective overuse injuries and non-injuries reported. It was concluded that measures of lower limb MSS are good predictors of overuse injury in females involved in high- impact sports.
Elizabeth J Bradshaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the impact of data reduction on the intra trial reliability of a typical measure of lower limb Musculoskeletal Stiffness
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Mark Peter Moresi, Elizabeth J Bradshaw, David Greene, Geraldine NaughtonAbstract:AbstractDouble-leg repeated jumping tasks are commonly used as measures of lower limb Stiffness in exercise science research. Within similar Stiffness calculations, variation in data-reduction criteria exists. The impact of these varied data-reduction methods on Stiffness measures is unknown. Sixteen adolescent female participants from varied physical activity backgrounds performed 15 self-paced, bent-knee continuous jumps (CJb) on two force plates. Leg Stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the peak force and the centre of mass displacement for each contact. Using combinations of criteria based on previous literature, 83 data-reduction methods were applied to the raw data. Data reduction suitability was assessed based on intra-trial reliability, the number of participants excluded and the average contacts excluded. Four data-reduction methods were deemed suitable for use with adolescent female populations, with three consecutive contacts within 1 SD of the average jump frequency considered optimal. The...
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Musculoskeletal Stiffness during hopping and running does not change following downhill backwards walking
Sports Biomechanics, 2014Co-Authors: Corey Joseph, Elizabeth J Bradshaw, Justin G Kemp, Ross A ClarkAbstract:Eccentric contractions that provide spring energy can also cause muscle damage. The aim of this study was to explore leg and vertical Stiffness following muscle damage induced by an eccentric exercise protocol. Twenty active males completed 60 minutes of backward-walking on a treadmill at 0.67 m/s and a gradient of − 8.5° to induce muscle damage. Tests were performed immediately before; immediately post; and 24, 48, and 168 hours post eccentric exercise. Tests included running at 3.35 m/s and hopping at 2.2 Hz using single- and double-legged actions. Leg and vertical Stiffness were measured from kinetic and kinematic data, and electromyography (EMG) of five muscles of the preferred limb were recorded during hopping. Increases in pain scores (over 37%) occurred post-exercise and 24 and 48 hours later (p < 0.001). A 7% decrease in maximal voluntary contraction occurred immediately post-exercise (p = 0.019). Changes in knee kinematics during single-legged hopping were observed 168 hours post (p < 0.05). No s...
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the interday reliability of ankle knee leg and vertical Musculoskeletal Stiffness during hopping and overground running
Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 2013Co-Authors: Corey Joseph, Elizabeth J Bradshaw, Justin G Kemp, Ross A ClarkAbstract:A number of methods are used to measure lower extremity Musculoskeletal Stiffness, but there is a paucity of research examining the reliability of these techniques. Therefore, we investigated the reliability of vertical, leg, knee, and ankle Stiffness during overground running and hopping in 20 active men. Participants were required to run on a 10 m overground runway at 3.83 m/s (actual; 3.35 ± 0.12 m/s) and to hop in place at 2.2 Hz (actual; 2.37 ± 0.03 Hz), and at a self-selected frequency (actual; 2.05 ± 0.12 Hz) and at 2.2 Hz (actual; 2.39 ± 0.04 Hz). Reliability was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation, mean differences, and Cohen’s effect sizes. There was good reliability for vertical Stiffness, moderate reliability for leg Stiffness, and poor reliability for knee and ankle Stiffness during the running task. Similar results were observed during the 2.2 Hz hopping tasks, with good reliability displayed for vertical Stiffness and poor reliability for ankle and knee Stiffness. In conclusion, our results suggest that vertical Stiffness is a reliable measure when running at 3.83 m/s and hopping at 2.2 Hz.
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lower limb Musculoskeletal Stiffness can predict overuse injuries in high level adolecsent female athletes
ISBS - Conference Proceedings Archive, 2012Co-Authors: Mark Peter Moresi, Elizabeth J Bradshaw, David Greene, Geraldine NaughtonAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether measures of lower limb Musculoskeletal Stiffness (MSS) can prospectively predict overuse injuries in adolescent female athletes. Thirty-nine athletes from high-impact sports (gymnastics and track & field) completed a series of repeat jumps on force plates at baseline and 12 months later. Sport-related injuries were tracked using a self-report questionnaire. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves established the predictive ability and appropriate cut-off value of baseline MSS measures. Logistic regression based on the ROC findings showed measures of MSS were able to correctly categorise 77% (p<0.01) of the prospective overuse injuries and non-injuries reported. It was concluded that measures of lower limb MSS are good predictors of overuse injury in females involved in high- impact sports.
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laterality and its effect on lower extremity Musculoskeletal Stiffness in male soccer players and track runners
ISBS - Conference Proceedings Archive, 2007Co-Authors: Morgan D Williams, Elizabeth J Bradshaw, Corey JosephAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of laterality on lower extremity Stiffness in healthy soccer players and track runners. Eight soccer players aged 15 to 17 years, and eight track runners, aged from 18 to 25 years performed a battery of tests (Single and double legged continuous straight and bent-legged jumping, and running) to determine lower extremity Musculoskeletal Stiffness. All participants were injury free at the time of testing. Statistical tests of the various all kinetic measures revealed that the track runners were asymmetrical in their Musculoskeletal performance qualities, whereas, the soccer players displayed symmetry. Future research should examine lower extremity symmetry in an older group of soccer players, and the development of a training program to alter lower extremity Stiffness into a typical range.
Lars Erik Bartels - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Musculoskeletal Stiffness is common in healthy adults and increases with age
Musculoskeletal Care, 2021Co-Authors: Hugh Watson, Amalie Lynggard Hansen, Giulia Calusi, Lars Erik BartelsAbstract:INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE Musculoskeletal Stiffness is a common feature in rheumatologic inflammatory diseases but little is known about background joint Stiffness in the healthy population. The aim of this survey was to determine the variation in Musculoskeletal Stiffness with age in a cohort of healthy adults using a patient reported outcome instrument designed to assess Stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS Healthy subjects ≥18 years old were enrolled at two sites. Those with a diagnosis of rheumatological disease were excluded. Each subject completed a 21-item questionnaire designed to evaluate the severity of Musculoskeletal Stiffness, its physical impact and psychosocial impact, and to provide an overall Stiffness score, expressed as a percentage. Scores were analyzed by age group. RESULTS Two hundred eighty-two subjects were included with a mean age of 42 years (±17, range 18-85). More than 50% of subjects reported Stiffness in each age group but with a low median overall Stiffness score of 5.4% (IQR 0, 12.6). Scores were markedly higher in those aged ≥60 years, median 10.0% (IQR 2.6, 21.9), and only in this age group did the majority of subjects report a physical or psychosocial impact of Stiffness. Scores in males and females were similar. CONCLUSION The prevalence of Musculoskeletal Stiffness in healthy subjects of all ages is not negligible, and the high frequency of Stiffness and greater severity in the upper age cohort suggest that the background joint Stiffness amongst older subjects should be considered when interpreting Stiffness in rheumatologic patients.
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ab1335 age related Musculoskeletal Stiffness amongst healthy subjects
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Hugh Watson, Amalie Lynggard, Lars Erik BartelsAbstract:Background: A patient questionnaire for evaluating Musculoskeletal Stiffness (MSQ) has been developed for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (Halls 2015) and also tested in chikungunya disease. Joint Stiffness is associated with older age in adults. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation in MSQ scores with age in a cohort of healthy adults. Methods: Subjects ≥18 years old were enrolled at two sites. Subjects were engaged in, or had completed, tertiary education. Subjects with a diagnosis of joint disease, Parkinson’s disease or multiple sclerosis were excluded. Each subject completed a 21-item questionnaire designed to evaluate the severity of Musculoskeletal Stiffness, its physical impact and psychosocial impact, and to provide an overall Stiffness score. Results are expressed as a percentage of the maximum possible score. Results: Two hundred and fifty-eight subjects were included, 120 males and 138 females. Subjects were >95% Caucasian. The mean age of subjects was 40±16 years. No differences were seen in the Stiffness scores between males and females. The percentage of subjects reporting any Stiffness was over 50% in every age group, and markedly higher in those aged ≥60 years (Table). The average overall MSQ scores and those of its three components were low and showed little variation between the three lower age cohorts, but scores increased in the upper age cohort (Table). Conclusion: The prevalence of Musculoskeletal Stiffness in healthy subjects as measured with this questionnaire is not negligible. Overall Stiffness scores in this study were low in the subjects aged 18-59 years when compared to those in RA and chikungunya disease. However, the high frequency of Stiffness and the higher average scores in the upper age cohort suggest that the background joint Stiffness amongst older subjects should be considered when interpreting Stiffness scores in patients. References [1] Halls S, Dures E, Kirwan J, et al. AB1128-HPR Developing A New Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Stiffness Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM). Ann Rheum Dis2016; 75: 1317 Disclosure of Interests: Hugh Watson Shareholder of: Sanofi, Employee of: Sanofi, Amalie Lynggard: None declared, Lars-Erik Bartels: None declared
