The Experts below are selected from a list of 570 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R Velraj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of dispersion of various Nanoadditives on the performance and emission characteristics of a ci engine fuelled with diesel biodiesel and blends a review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: T Shaafi, Krishnamurthy Sairam, Anantharaman Gopinath, G Kumaresan, R VelrajAbstract:Abstract The preference given to biodiesel in a diesel engine has gained importance over the past two decades, due to its various environmental and economic benefits. There exists a lot of scope for further improvement in the performance and emission reduction with biodiesel as the fuel. Fuel adulteration is one of the important techniques for performance enhancement and emission reduction, compared to other techniques such as engine modification and exhaust gas treatment. In recent years, the use of nanoparticles as additives in diesel improves the thermo physical properties, such as high surface area-to-volume ratio, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity, when dispersed in any base fluid medium. Based on the results available in the literature, it has been found that Nanoadditives with diesel, biodiesel and blends improve the flash point, fire point, kinematic viscosity and other properties, depending upon the dosage of the nanofluid additives. In the present work a review has been made to study the effect of dispersion of various Nanoadditives on the enhancement of the performance and emission reduction characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with diesel, biodiesel, and its blends and a summary of the observation made from the literatures are reported in the conclusion.
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influence of alumina nanoparticles ethanol and isopropanol blend as additive with diesel soybean biodiesel blend fuel combustion engine performance and emissions
Renewable Energy, 2015Co-Authors: T Shaafi, R VelrajAbstract:Experimental investigation was carried out to study the combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, naturally aspirated, air cooled, constant speed compression ignition engine, fuelled with two modified fuel blends, B20 (Diesel–soybean biodiesel) and diesel–soybean biodiesel–ethanol blends, with alumina as a nanoadditive (D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina), and the results are compared with those of neat diesel. The nanoadditive was mixed in the fuel blend along with a suitable surfactant by means of an ultrasonicator, to achieve stable suspension. The properties of B20, D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend are changed due to the mixing of soybean biodiesel and the incorporation of the alumina Nanoadditives. Some of the measured properties are compared with those of neat diesel, and presented. The cylinder pressure during the combustion and the heat release rate, are higher in the D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend, compared to neat diesel. Further, the exhaust gas temperature is reduced in the case of the D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend, which shows that higher temperature difference prevailing during the expansion stroke could be the major reason for the higher brake thermal efficiency in the case of D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend. The presence of oxygen in the soybean biodiesel, and the better mixing capabilities of the nanoparticles, reduce the CO and UBHC appreciably, though there is a small increase in NOx at full load condition.
Kostas S Triantafyllidis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nanocomposites of polystyrene b poly isoprene b polystyrene triblock copolymer with clay carbon nanotube hybrid Nanoadditives
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2013Co-Authors: Apostolos Enotiadis, Kiriaki Litina, Dimitrios Gournis, Sofia Rangou, Apostolos Avgeropoulos, Panagiotis I Xidas, Kostas S TriantafyllidisAbstract:Polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene (PS-b-PI-b-PS), a widely used linear triblock copolymer of the glassy-rubbery-glassy type, was prepared in this study by anionic polymerization and was further used for the development of novel polymer nanocomposite materials. Hybrid Nanoadditives were prepared by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) method through which carbon nanotubes were grown on the surface of smectite clay nanolayers. Side-wall chemical organo-functionalization of the nanotubes was performed in order to enhance the chemical compatibilization of the clay–CNT hybrid Nanoadditives with the hydrophobic triblock copolymer. The hybrid clay–CNT Nanoadditives were incorporated in the copolymer matrix by a simple solution-precipitation method at two nanoadditive to polymer loadings (one low, i.e., 1 wt %, and one high, i.e., 5 wt %). The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by a combination of techniques and compared with more classical nanocomposites prepared using organo-modified c...
Wangji Shang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tuning of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of nitrogen doped carbon dots a facile approach towards high efficient lubricant Nanoadditives
Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2018Co-Authors: Wangji Shang, Tao Cai, Lina Zhao, Yunxiao Zhang, Dan Liu, Shenggao LiuAbstract:Abstract Nanosizing is considered as a promising approach for achieving better dispersibility of nanoparticles in mediums, while the regulation of their hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is very important issue for wide application of nanoparticles. Herein, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with hydrophilicity was prepared via namely “bottom-up” and exhibited excellent excitation-dependent maximum fluorescence at 480/560 nm, while a novel kind of liquid-like N-CDs with hydrophobicity was synthesized followed via covalent grafting stratagem and exhibited excellent excitation-dependent maximum fluorescence at 500/580 nm. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic N-CDs exhibited favorable dispersion stability in polar and apolar mediums respectively and were used for the first time as friction-reducing and antiwear Nanoadditives in selected PEG and PAO synthetic base oils for steel/steel contact, which offered great potential in lubricant field as demonstrated for the highly efficient carbon dots nano-additives in reducing both undesirable friction and wear.
Apostolos Enotiadis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nanocomposites of Polystyrene‑b‑Poly(isoprene)‑b‑Polystyrene Triblock Copolymer with Clay–Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Nanoadditives
2016Co-Authors: Apostolos Enotiadis, Kiriaki Litina, Dimitrios Gournis, Sofia Rangou, Apostolos Avgeropoulos, Panagiotis I Xidas, Kostas TriantafyllidisAbstract:Polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene (PS-b-PI-b-PS), a widely used linear triblock copolymer of the glassy-rubbery-glassy type, was prepared in this study by anionic polymerization and was further used for the development of novel polymer nanocomposite materials. Hybrid Nanoadditives were prepared by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) method through which carbon nanotubes were grown on the surface of smectite clay nanolayers. Side-wall chemical organo-functionalization of the nanotubes was performed in order to enhance the chemical compatibilization of the clay–CNT hybrid Nanoadditives with the hydrophobic triblock copolymer. The hybrid clay–CNT Nanoadditives were incorporated in the copolymer matrix by a simple solution-precipitation method at two nanoadditive to polymer loadings (one low, i.e., 1 wt %, and one high, i.e., 5 wt %). The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by a combination of techniques and compared with more classical nanocomposites prepared using organo-modified clays as Nanoadditives. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopies verified the presence of the hybrid Nanoadditives in the final nanocomposites, while X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy proved the formation of fully exfoliated structures. Viscometry measurements were further used to show the successful incorporation and homogeneous dispersion of the hybrid Nanoadditives in the polymer mass. The so prepared nanocomposites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties compared to the pristine polymer and the nanocomposites prepared by conventional organo-clays. Both tensile stress and strain at break were improved probably due to better interfacial adhesion of the clay–CNT hybrid of the flexible rubbery PI middle blocks of the triblock copolymer matrix
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nanocomposites of polystyrene b poly isoprene b polystyrene triblock copolymer with clay carbon nanotube hybrid Nanoadditives
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2013Co-Authors: Apostolos Enotiadis, Kiriaki Litina, Dimitrios Gournis, Sofia Rangou, Apostolos Avgeropoulos, Panagiotis I Xidas, Kostas S TriantafyllidisAbstract:Polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene (PS-b-PI-b-PS), a widely used linear triblock copolymer of the glassy-rubbery-glassy type, was prepared in this study by anionic polymerization and was further used for the development of novel polymer nanocomposite materials. Hybrid Nanoadditives were prepared by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) method through which carbon nanotubes were grown on the surface of smectite clay nanolayers. Side-wall chemical organo-functionalization of the nanotubes was performed in order to enhance the chemical compatibilization of the clay–CNT hybrid Nanoadditives with the hydrophobic triblock copolymer. The hybrid clay–CNT Nanoadditives were incorporated in the copolymer matrix by a simple solution-precipitation method at two nanoadditive to polymer loadings (one low, i.e., 1 wt %, and one high, i.e., 5 wt %). The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by a combination of techniques and compared with more classical nanocomposites prepared using organo-modified c...
T Shaafi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of dispersion of various Nanoadditives on the performance and emission characteristics of a ci engine fuelled with diesel biodiesel and blends a review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: T Shaafi, Krishnamurthy Sairam, Anantharaman Gopinath, G Kumaresan, R VelrajAbstract:Abstract The preference given to biodiesel in a diesel engine has gained importance over the past two decades, due to its various environmental and economic benefits. There exists a lot of scope for further improvement in the performance and emission reduction with biodiesel as the fuel. Fuel adulteration is one of the important techniques for performance enhancement and emission reduction, compared to other techniques such as engine modification and exhaust gas treatment. In recent years, the use of nanoparticles as additives in diesel improves the thermo physical properties, such as high surface area-to-volume ratio, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity, when dispersed in any base fluid medium. Based on the results available in the literature, it has been found that Nanoadditives with diesel, biodiesel and blends improve the flash point, fire point, kinematic viscosity and other properties, depending upon the dosage of the nanofluid additives. In the present work a review has been made to study the effect of dispersion of various Nanoadditives on the enhancement of the performance and emission reduction characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with diesel, biodiesel, and its blends and a summary of the observation made from the literatures are reported in the conclusion.
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influence of alumina nanoparticles ethanol and isopropanol blend as additive with diesel soybean biodiesel blend fuel combustion engine performance and emissions
Renewable Energy, 2015Co-Authors: T Shaafi, R VelrajAbstract:Experimental investigation was carried out to study the combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, naturally aspirated, air cooled, constant speed compression ignition engine, fuelled with two modified fuel blends, B20 (Diesel–soybean biodiesel) and diesel–soybean biodiesel–ethanol blends, with alumina as a nanoadditive (D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina), and the results are compared with those of neat diesel. The nanoadditive was mixed in the fuel blend along with a suitable surfactant by means of an ultrasonicator, to achieve stable suspension. The properties of B20, D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend are changed due to the mixing of soybean biodiesel and the incorporation of the alumina Nanoadditives. Some of the measured properties are compared with those of neat diesel, and presented. The cylinder pressure during the combustion and the heat release rate, are higher in the D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend, compared to neat diesel. Further, the exhaust gas temperature is reduced in the case of the D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend, which shows that higher temperature difference prevailing during the expansion stroke could be the major reason for the higher brake thermal efficiency in the case of D80SBD15E4S1 + alumina fuel blend. The presence of oxygen in the soybean biodiesel, and the better mixing capabilities of the nanoparticles, reduce the CO and UBHC appreciably, though there is a small increase in NOx at full load condition.
