The Experts below are selected from a list of 10800 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhenju Ding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
solubility trapping in formation water as dominant co2 sink in Natural Gas Fields
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Stuart M V Gilfillan, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Greg Holland, David Blagburn, Scott Stevens, Martin Schoell, Martin Cassidy, Zhenju DingAbstract:One of a number of options available to mitigate the effects of anthropogenic CO2 on climate is the burial of emissions from power stations and other industrial sources. But how safe and how efficient is burial? The design and long-term viability of a site depend critically on how and where the CO2 is stored. Natural Gas Fields can serve as analogues for safe geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennial timescales, and now a study using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers has characterized the processes involved in removal of the CO2 phase in nine Natural Gas Fields from North America, China and Europe. The dominant sink is found to be dissolution in formation water, with fixation in carbonate minerals playing only a minor role. This suggests that models of long-term storage of CO2 waste in similar geological systems need to focus on the potential mobility of CO2 dissolved in water. Injecting industrial CO2 into deep geological strata could be a safe and economical means of storing it, either dissolved in solution or absorbed by carbonate minerals. Chris Ballentine and colleagues used noble Gas and isotope tracers to identify what happens to CO2 in Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe that provide a Natural model of geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennia. They find that dissolution in water is the main mechanism. Injecting CO2 into deep geological strata is proposed as a safe and economically favourable means of storing CO2 captured from industrial point sources1,2,3. It is difficult, however, to assess the long-term consequences of CO2 flooding in the subsurface from decadal observations of existing disposal sites1,2. Both the site design and long-term safety modelling critically depend on how and where CO2 will be stored in the site over its lifetime2,3,4. Within a geological storage site, the injected CO2 can dissolve in solution or precipitate as carbonate minerals. Here we identify and quantify the principal mechanism of CO2 fluid phase removal in nine Natural Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe, using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers. The Natural Gas Fields investigated in our study are dominated by a CO2 phase and provide a Natural analogue for assessing the geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennial timescales1,2,5,6. We find that in seven Gas Fields with siliciclastic or carbonate-dominated reservoir lithologies, dissolution in formation water at a pH of 5–5.8 is the sole major sink for CO2. In two Fields with siliciclastic reservoir lithologies, some CO2 loss through precipitation as carbonate minerals cannot be ruled out, but can account for a maximum of 18 per cent of the loss of emplaced CO2. In view of our findings that geological mineral fixation is a minor CO2 trapping mechanism in Natural Gas Fields, we suggest that long-term anthropogenic CO2 storage models in similar geological systems should focus on the potential mobility of CO2 dissolved in water.
-
solubility trapping in formation water as dominant co2 sink in Natural Gas Fields
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Stuart Gilfillan, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Greg Holland, David Blagburn, Scott Stevens, Martin Schoell, Martin Cassidy, Zhenju Ding, Zheng ZhouAbstract:Injecting CO(2) into deep geological strata is proposed as a safe and economically favourable means of storing CO(2) captured from industrial point sources. It is difficult, however, to assess the long-term consequences of CO(2) flooding in the subsurface from decadal observations of existing disposal sites. Both the site design and long-term safety modelling critically depend on how and where CO(2) will be stored in the site over its lifetime. Within a geological storage site, the injected CO(2) can dissolve in solution or precipitate as carbonate minerals. Here we identify and quantify the principal mechanism of CO(2) fluid phase removal in nine Natural Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe, using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers. The Natural Gas Fields investigated in our study are dominated by a CO(2) phase and provide a Natural analogue for assessing the geological storage of anthropogenic CO(2) over millennial timescales. We find that in seven Gas Fields with siliciclastic or carbonate-dominated reservoir lithologies, dissolution in formation water at a pH of 5-5.8 is the sole major sink for CO(2). In two Fields with siliciclastic reservoir lithologies, some CO(2) loss through precipitation as carbonate minerals cannot be ruled out, but can account for a maximum of 18 per cent of the loss of emplaced CO(2). In view of our findings that geological mineral fixation is a minor CO(2) trapping mechanism in Natural Gas Fields, we suggest that long-term anthropogenic CO(2) storage models in similar geological systems should focus on the potential mobility of CO(2) dissolved in water.
Stuart M V Gilfillan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
solubility trapping in formation water as dominant co2 sink in Natural Gas Fields
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Stuart M V Gilfillan, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Greg Holland, David Blagburn, Scott Stevens, Martin Schoell, Martin Cassidy, Zhenju DingAbstract:One of a number of options available to mitigate the effects of anthropogenic CO2 on climate is the burial of emissions from power stations and other industrial sources. But how safe and how efficient is burial? The design and long-term viability of a site depend critically on how and where the CO2 is stored. Natural Gas Fields can serve as analogues for safe geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennial timescales, and now a study using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers has characterized the processes involved in removal of the CO2 phase in nine Natural Gas Fields from North America, China and Europe. The dominant sink is found to be dissolution in formation water, with fixation in carbonate minerals playing only a minor role. This suggests that models of long-term storage of CO2 waste in similar geological systems need to focus on the potential mobility of CO2 dissolved in water. Injecting industrial CO2 into deep geological strata could be a safe and economical means of storing it, either dissolved in solution or absorbed by carbonate minerals. Chris Ballentine and colleagues used noble Gas and isotope tracers to identify what happens to CO2 in Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe that provide a Natural model of geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennia. They find that dissolution in water is the main mechanism. Injecting CO2 into deep geological strata is proposed as a safe and economically favourable means of storing CO2 captured from industrial point sources1,2,3. It is difficult, however, to assess the long-term consequences of CO2 flooding in the subsurface from decadal observations of existing disposal sites1,2. Both the site design and long-term safety modelling critically depend on how and where CO2 will be stored in the site over its lifetime2,3,4. Within a geological storage site, the injected CO2 can dissolve in solution or precipitate as carbonate minerals. Here we identify and quantify the principal mechanism of CO2 fluid phase removal in nine Natural Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe, using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers. The Natural Gas Fields investigated in our study are dominated by a CO2 phase and provide a Natural analogue for assessing the geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennial timescales1,2,5,6. We find that in seven Gas Fields with siliciclastic or carbonate-dominated reservoir lithologies, dissolution in formation water at a pH of 5–5.8 is the sole major sink for CO2. In two Fields with siliciclastic reservoir lithologies, some CO2 loss through precipitation as carbonate minerals cannot be ruled out, but can account for a maximum of 18 per cent of the loss of emplaced CO2. In view of our findings that geological mineral fixation is a minor CO2 trapping mechanism in Natural Gas Fields, we suggest that long-term anthropogenic CO2 storage models in similar geological systems should focus on the potential mobility of CO2 dissolved in water.
Nathan J Kleist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
chronic anthropogenic noise disrupts glucocorticoid signaling and has multiple effects on fitness in an avian community
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018Co-Authors: Nathan J Kleist, Robert P Guralnick, Alexander Cruz, Christopher A Lowry, Clinton D FrancisAbstract:Anthropogenic noise is a pervasive pollutant that decreases environmental quality by disrupting a suite of behaviors vital to perception and communication. However, even within populations of noise-sensitive species, individuals still select breeding sites located within areas exposed to high noise levels, with largely unknown physiological and fitness consequences. We use a study system in the Natural Gas Fields of northern New Mexico to test the prediction that exposure to noise causes glucocorticoid-signaling dysfunction and decreases fitness in a community of secondary cavity-nesting birds. In accordance with these predictions, and across all species, we find strong support for noise exposure decreasing baseline corticosterone in adults and nestlings and, conversely, increasing acute stressor-induced corticosterone in nestlings. We also document fitness consequences with increased noise in the form of reduced hatching success in the western bluebird (Sialia mexicana), the species most likely to nest in noisiest environments. Nestlings of all three species exhibited accelerated growth of both feathers and body size at intermediate noise amplitudes compared with lower or higher amplitudes. Our results are consistent with recent experimental laboratory studies and show that noise functions as a chronic, inescapable stressor. Anthropogenic noise likely impairs environmental risk perception by species relying on acoustic cues and ultimately leads to impacts on fitness. Our work, when taken together with recent efforts to document noise across the landscape, implies potential widespread, noise-induced chronic stress coupled with reduced fitness for many species reliant on acoustic cues.
Zheng Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
solubility trapping in formation water as dominant co2 sink in Natural Gas Fields
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Stuart Gilfillan, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Greg Holland, David Blagburn, Scott Stevens, Martin Schoell, Martin Cassidy, Zhenju Ding, Zheng ZhouAbstract:Injecting CO(2) into deep geological strata is proposed as a safe and economically favourable means of storing CO(2) captured from industrial point sources. It is difficult, however, to assess the long-term consequences of CO(2) flooding in the subsurface from decadal observations of existing disposal sites. Both the site design and long-term safety modelling critically depend on how and where CO(2) will be stored in the site over its lifetime. Within a geological storage site, the injected CO(2) can dissolve in solution or precipitate as carbonate minerals. Here we identify and quantify the principal mechanism of CO(2) fluid phase removal in nine Natural Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe, using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers. The Natural Gas Fields investigated in our study are dominated by a CO(2) phase and provide a Natural analogue for assessing the geological storage of anthropogenic CO(2) over millennial timescales. We find that in seven Gas Fields with siliciclastic or carbonate-dominated reservoir lithologies, dissolution in formation water at a pH of 5-5.8 is the sole major sink for CO(2). In two Fields with siliciclastic reservoir lithologies, some CO(2) loss through precipitation as carbonate minerals cannot be ruled out, but can account for a maximum of 18 per cent of the loss of emplaced CO(2). In view of our findings that geological mineral fixation is a minor CO(2) trapping mechanism in Natural Gas Fields, we suggest that long-term anthropogenic CO(2) storage models in similar geological systems should focus on the potential mobility of CO(2) dissolved in water.
Barbara Sherwood Lollar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
solubility trapping in formation water as dominant co2 sink in Natural Gas Fields
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Stuart M V Gilfillan, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Greg Holland, David Blagburn, Scott Stevens, Martin Schoell, Martin Cassidy, Zhenju DingAbstract:One of a number of options available to mitigate the effects of anthropogenic CO2 on climate is the burial of emissions from power stations and other industrial sources. But how safe and how efficient is burial? The design and long-term viability of a site depend critically on how and where the CO2 is stored. Natural Gas Fields can serve as analogues for safe geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennial timescales, and now a study using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers has characterized the processes involved in removal of the CO2 phase in nine Natural Gas Fields from North America, China and Europe. The dominant sink is found to be dissolution in formation water, with fixation in carbonate minerals playing only a minor role. This suggests that models of long-term storage of CO2 waste in similar geological systems need to focus on the potential mobility of CO2 dissolved in water. Injecting industrial CO2 into deep geological strata could be a safe and economical means of storing it, either dissolved in solution or absorbed by carbonate minerals. Chris Ballentine and colleagues used noble Gas and isotope tracers to identify what happens to CO2 in Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe that provide a Natural model of geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennia. They find that dissolution in water is the main mechanism. Injecting CO2 into deep geological strata is proposed as a safe and economically favourable means of storing CO2 captured from industrial point sources1,2,3. It is difficult, however, to assess the long-term consequences of CO2 flooding in the subsurface from decadal observations of existing disposal sites1,2. Both the site design and long-term safety modelling critically depend on how and where CO2 will be stored in the site over its lifetime2,3,4. Within a geological storage site, the injected CO2 can dissolve in solution or precipitate as carbonate minerals. Here we identify and quantify the principal mechanism of CO2 fluid phase removal in nine Natural Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe, using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers. The Natural Gas Fields investigated in our study are dominated by a CO2 phase and provide a Natural analogue for assessing the geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 over millennial timescales1,2,5,6. We find that in seven Gas Fields with siliciclastic or carbonate-dominated reservoir lithologies, dissolution in formation water at a pH of 5–5.8 is the sole major sink for CO2. In two Fields with siliciclastic reservoir lithologies, some CO2 loss through precipitation as carbonate minerals cannot be ruled out, but can account for a maximum of 18 per cent of the loss of emplaced CO2. In view of our findings that geological mineral fixation is a minor CO2 trapping mechanism in Natural Gas Fields, we suggest that long-term anthropogenic CO2 storage models in similar geological systems should focus on the potential mobility of CO2 dissolved in water.
-
solubility trapping in formation water as dominant co2 sink in Natural Gas Fields
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Stuart Gilfillan, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Greg Holland, David Blagburn, Scott Stevens, Martin Schoell, Martin Cassidy, Zhenju Ding, Zheng ZhouAbstract:Injecting CO(2) into deep geological strata is proposed as a safe and economically favourable means of storing CO(2) captured from industrial point sources. It is difficult, however, to assess the long-term consequences of CO(2) flooding in the subsurface from decadal observations of existing disposal sites. Both the site design and long-term safety modelling critically depend on how and where CO(2) will be stored in the site over its lifetime. Within a geological storage site, the injected CO(2) can dissolve in solution or precipitate as carbonate minerals. Here we identify and quantify the principal mechanism of CO(2) fluid phase removal in nine Natural Gas Fields in North America, China and Europe, using noble Gas and carbon isotope tracers. The Natural Gas Fields investigated in our study are dominated by a CO(2) phase and provide a Natural analogue for assessing the geological storage of anthropogenic CO(2) over millennial timescales. We find that in seven Gas Fields with siliciclastic or carbonate-dominated reservoir lithologies, dissolution in formation water at a pH of 5-5.8 is the sole major sink for CO(2). In two Fields with siliciclastic reservoir lithologies, some CO(2) loss through precipitation as carbonate minerals cannot be ruled out, but can account for a maximum of 18 per cent of the loss of emplaced CO(2). In view of our findings that geological mineral fixation is a minor CO(2) trapping mechanism in Natural Gas Fields, we suggest that long-term anthropogenic CO(2) storage models in similar geological systems should focus on the potential mobility of CO(2) dissolved in water.
