The Experts below are selected from a list of 19440 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bart Van Der Bruggen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ozone oxidation for the alleviation of membrane fouling by Natural Organic Matter a review
Water Research, 2011Co-Authors: Steven Van Geluwe, Leen Braeken, Bart Van Der BruggenAbstract:Membrane fouling by Natural Organic Matter is one of the main problems that slow down the application of membrane technology in water treatment. O3 is able to efficiently change the physico-chemical characteristics of Natural Organic Matter in order to reduce membrane fouling. This paper presents the state-of-the-art knowledge of the reaction mechanisms between Natural Organic Matter and molecular O3 or OH radicals, together with an in-depth discussion of the interactions between Natural Organic Matter and membranes that govern membrane fouling, inclusive the effect of O3 oxidation on it.
Mark Daniel G. De Luna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Ultrasonic cleaning of polytetrafluoroethylene membrane fouled by Natural Organic Matter
Journal of Membrane Science, 2016Co-Authors: Chi Chuan Kan, Divine Angela D. Genuino, Kim Katrina P. Rivera, Mark Daniel G. De LunaAbstract:Chemical cleaning of membranes fouled by Natural Organic Matter (NOM) generates secondary pollution. In this study, the effect of ultrasonic cleaning of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane fouled by pre-coagulated humic acid-bentonite mixture was investigated. Results show that chemical coagulation prior to microfiltration improved turbidity and TSS removals by 9.5% and 11.4%, respectively. Experimental data fitted to constant pressure filtration models determined the sequence of dominant fouling mechanism as follows: (i) membrane resistance-limited, (ii) pore blocking resistance-limited, and (iii) cake formation resistance-limited. Relative membrane permeability of 53 and flux recovery of 45% were achieved when continuous ultrasonic cleaning was done at a 2.0. cm probe distance, 25. min total cleaning time, 15. mg/L coagulant dose, and 15. W ultrasonic power. Ultrasonic cleaning was found to be more effective than hydraulic cleaning in terms of flux recovery. Compared to chemical cleaning, it is a competitive and safer alternative in mitigating NOM-induced fouling.
Mark M Benjamin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of adsorbents on membrane fouling by Natural Organic Matter
Journal of Membrane Science, 2008Co-Authors: Mark M BenjaminAbstract:Fouling by Natural Organic Matter (NOM) is a major impediment to cost-effective operation of membrane processes in water treatment. This research investigated the removal of NOM by three adsorbents: heated iron or aluminum oxide particles (HIOPs and HAOPs, respectively) and powdered activated carbon (PAC). Although PAC removed a larger fraction of the DOC than did either HAOPs or HIOPs, it adsorbed non-fouling molecules preferentially over foulants, whereas the opposite was true for the metal oxide particles. In addition, when the oxide adsorbents were pre-deposited on a microfiltration membrane, foulants that were not adsorbed in batch tests were effectively removed from the solution before it reached the membrane, leading to excellent performance with respect to both NOM removal and fouling. SEM images showed that membranes under a layer of HAOPs and HIOPs were virtually as clean as a pristine membrane.
Joseph J. Pignatello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Dynamic interactions of Natural Organic Matter and Organic compounds
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2012Co-Authors: Joseph J. PignatelloAbstract:Purpose This article reviews our current understanding about how Organic chemicals and water interact dynamically with, and therefore coevolve with, soil and sediment Natural Organic Matter (NOM). NOM can be regarded as a polymer-like phase that responds to the input of Organic compounds in ways analogous to synthetic polymers. Methods Sorption selectivity of Organic compounds is shown to result in part from the three-dimensional microstructure of NOM related to its glassy character. Sorption to NOM conforms to polymer theory by exhibiting isotherm shape and irreversible behaviors characteristic of the glassy Organic physical state. The glassy state is a metastable state characterized by the presence of excess free volume (holes). Results In polymers and NOM, incoming molecules preferentially occupy holes due to the absence of a cavitation penalty. Incoming molecules can enlarge existing holes and create new holes that do not relax completely when the molecules leave. The physical changes in NOM induced by sorption result in hysteresis in the isotherm that persists indefinitely at ambient temperature. Conclusions Sorption selectivity and hysteresis have important implications for the fate and bioavailability of contaminants.
-
Dynamic interactions of Natural Organic Matter and Organic compounds
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2012Co-Authors: Joseph J. PignatelloAbstract:Purpose This article reviews our current understanding about how Organic chemicals and water interact dynamically with, and therefore coevolve with, soil and sediment Natural Organic Matter (NOM). NOM can be regarded as a polymer-like phase that responds to the input of Organic compounds in ways analogous to synthetic polymers.
Steven Van Geluwe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ozone oxidation for the alleviation of membrane fouling by Natural Organic Matter a review
Water Research, 2011Co-Authors: Steven Van Geluwe, Leen Braeken, Bart Van Der BruggenAbstract:Membrane fouling by Natural Organic Matter is one of the main problems that slow down the application of membrane technology in water treatment. O3 is able to efficiently change the physico-chemical characteristics of Natural Organic Matter in order to reduce membrane fouling. This paper presents the state-of-the-art knowledge of the reaction mechanisms between Natural Organic Matter and molecular O3 or OH radicals, together with an in-depth discussion of the interactions between Natural Organic Matter and membranes that govern membrane fouling, inclusive the effect of O3 oxidation on it.
