The Experts below are selected from a list of 95427 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Martin R. Tramèr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery, 2005Co-Authors: Martin R. TramèrAbstract:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting are still frequent adverse effects of anesthesia and surgery. The origin of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting is multifactorial; factors that are related to the patients themselves, to the anesthetic and analgesic drugs that are used, and to the surgery all contribute to the baseline risk of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. Significant progress toward improved control of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting has been achieved during recent years. Today, anesthetists try to identify patients at high risk preoperatively, using knowledge about specific risk factors. A stratified approach to optimized prophylaxis of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting may then be applied. In high risk patients, an anesthetic technique with a low emetogenic potency may help to keep the baseline risk of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting as low as possible. Additionally, a cocktail of antiemetic drugs is given prophylactically before emergence from anesthesia. Three classes of drugs have shown consistent antiemetic efficacy: 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists ("setrons"), dopamine antagonists (droperidol, haloperidol), and steroids (dexamethasone). These drugs can be used alone or, for improved efficacy, in combination.
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Treatment of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
BMJ, 2003Co-Authors: Martin R. TramèrAbstract:Better data, improved control have been achieved during recent years Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting is a nuisance. The anaesthetist is usually blamed, despite evidence that postoperative Nausea and Vomiting results from several factors, some related to anaesthesia, others to surgery, and some to the patients themselves. The importance of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting is generally underestimated because it is self limiting, never becomes chronic, and almost never kills. However, its impact on the cost of health care is not negligible. Ten per cent of the population undergo general anaesthesia every year,1 and about 30% of them are affected by postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.2 This amounts to about two million people in the United Kingdom every year. About 1% of patients undergoing ambulatory surgery are admitted overnight because of uncontrolled postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.2 Surgical patients prefer to suffer pain rather than postoperative Nausea and Vomiting3 and would be willing to pay considerable amounts of money for an effective antiemetic.4 However, successful control of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting has proved elusive. A major obstacle to the development of an effective treatment has been the lack of a valid animal model for postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. New insights into pathways for emesis and efficacy of antiemetics have come from animal research with highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Extrapolation of these data to postoperative Nausea and Vomiting has been of …
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consensus guidelines for managing postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2003Co-Authors: Tricia A Meyer, Anthony L Kovac, Christian C Apfel, Frances Chung, Peter J Davis, Steve Eubanks, Beverly K Philip, Daniel I Sessler, James Temo, Martin R. TramèrAbstract:IMPLICATIONS: We present evidence-based guidelines developed by an international panel of experts for the management of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.
Ian N Olver - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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anticipatory Nausea and Vomiting
Supportive Care in Cancer, 2005Co-Authors: Matti Aapro, Alex Molassiotis, Ian N OlverAbstract:Anticipatory Nausea and Vomiting (ANV) is not only a learned response but can occur without prior exposure to chemotherapy depending on patient emotional distress and expectations. The best method to avoid development or reinforcement of ANV is to avoid both Vomiting and Nausea from the first exposure to chemotherapy. If ANV develops, benzodiazepines have been documented to help in adult patients, and several psychological techniques are also of help, including systematic desensitization. The evidence on which these conclusions are based is reviewed in this article.
Declan Walsh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting in advanced cancer.
Supportive Care in Cancer, 2020Co-Authors: Mellar P. Davis, Declan WalshAbstract:Nausea and Vomiting unrelated to chemotherapy is common in advanced cancer patients. The etiology of Nausea and Vomiting may from evident by the pattern of Vomiting, associated symptoms, review of medications and physical examination. Radiographic studies are particularly helpful if bowel obstruction is suspected or central nervous system metastases are a possibility. Laboratory studies are helpful in a minority of cases. Multiple classes of medications are available to palliate Nausea and Vomiting. Classes of agents are discussed, pharmacology and cost being among the aspects covered. A four-step approach to the medical management of Nausea and Vomiting is presented.
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Nausea and Vomiting in Advanced Cancer
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2013Co-Authors: Pamela Gordon, Susan B. Legrand, Declan WalshAbstract:Abstract Nausea and Vomiting are very common symptoms in cancer both treatment and non-treatment related. Many complications of advanced cancer such as gastroparesis, bowel and outlet obstructions, and brain tumors may have Nausea and Vomiting or either symptom alone. In a non-obstructed situation, Nausea may be more difficult to manage and is more objectionable to patients. There is little research on management of these symptoms except the literature on chemotherapy induced Nausea where guidelines exist. This article will review the etiologies of Nausea and Vomiting in advanced cancer and the medications which have been used to treat them. An etiology based protocol to approach the symptom is outlined.
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Scopolamine for cancer-related Nausea and Vomiting.
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 2010Co-Authors: Susan B. Legrand, Declan WalshAbstract:Nausea and Vomiting is a common and troublesome symptom in advanced cancer. There have been different approaches described for the management of Nausea and Vomiting, specifically empirical and etiological. Scopolamine is listed in textbooks as a useful medication in management of Nausea and Vomiting in this setting, although there is no published data to support this recommendation. We present three cases that support the use of scopolamine in an etiologically based approach for management of Nausea in advanced cancer.
Steven M Asch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evidence based recommendations for cancer Nausea and Vomiting
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2008Co-Authors: Arash Naeim, Sydney M Dy, Karl A Lorenz, Homayoon Sanati, Anne M Walling, Steven M AschAbstract:The experience of patients living with cancer and being treated with chemotherapy often includes the symptoms of Nausea and Vomiting. To provide a framework for high-quality management of these symptoms, we developed a set of key targeted evidence-based standards through an iterative process of targeted systematic review, development, and refinement of topic areas and standards and consensus ratings by a multidisciplinary expert panel as part of the Rand Cancer Quality–Assessing Symptoms Side Effects and Indicators of Supportive Treatment Project. For Nausea and Vomiting, key clinical standards included screening at the initial outpatient and inpatient visit, prophylaxis for acute and delayed emesis in patients receiving moderate to highly emetic chemotherapy, and follow-up after treatment for Nausea and Vomiting symptoms. In addition, patients with cancer and small bowel obstruction were examined as a special subset of patients who present with Nausea and Vomiting. The standards presented here for preven...
Anthony L Kovac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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consensus guidelines for managing postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2003Co-Authors: Tricia A Meyer, Anthony L Kovac, Christian C Apfel, Frances Chung, Peter J Davis, Steve Eubanks, Beverly K Philip, Daniel I Sessler, James Temo, Martin R. TramèrAbstract:IMPLICATIONS: We present evidence-based guidelines developed by an international panel of experts for the management of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.
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prevention and treatment of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Drugs, 2000Co-Authors: Anthony L KovacAbstract:Pain, Nausea and Vomiting are frequently listed by patients as their most important perioperative concerns. With the change in emphasis from an inpatient to outpatient hospital and office-based medical/surgical environment, there has been increased interest in the ‘big little problem’ of postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV). Currently, the overall incidence of PONV is estimated to be 25 to 30%, with severe, intractable PONV estimated to occur in approximately 0.18% of all patients undergoing surgery. PONV can lead to delayed postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) recovery room discharge and unanticipated hospital admission, thereby increasing medical costs.
