The Experts below are selected from a list of 6120 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J C Komorowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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friction marks on Blocks from pyroclastic flows at the soufriere hills volcano montserrat implications for flow mechanisms
Geology, 2000Co-Authors: U Grunewald, R S J Sparks, Stuart L Kearns, J C KomorowskiAbstract:Friction marks on surfaces of Blocks (1 to 10 m) in pyroclastic flow deposits generated by lava dome collapse in the 1995–1999 eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, consist of a thin (5 to 10 mm) layer of cataclasite with a polished slickensided surface. In some examples, thin surface layers and veins of pseudotachylyte are found. The friction marks occur in several orientations on all Block surfaces. They are typically 0.5 to 10 cm wide and up to ∼1 m long. The marks are similar to tectonic structures on faults. They indicate that the Blocks were tumbling and sliding within the flows. Large transient stresses result when the mass of a large sliding Block is applied to a small contact area on a Neighboring Block or the ground. Compositional data indicate that the pseudotachylytes involved melting of the flow matrix. These observations support models of pyroclastic flows as rapid granular avalanches.
U Grunewald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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friction marks on Blocks from pyroclastic flows at the soufriere hills volcano montserrat implications for flow mechanisms
Geology, 2000Co-Authors: U Grunewald, R S J Sparks, Stuart L Kearns, J C KomorowskiAbstract:Friction marks on surfaces of Blocks (1 to 10 m) in pyroclastic flow deposits generated by lava dome collapse in the 1995–1999 eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, consist of a thin (5 to 10 mm) layer of cataclasite with a polished slickensided surface. In some examples, thin surface layers and veins of pseudotachylyte are found. The friction marks occur in several orientations on all Block surfaces. They are typically 0.5 to 10 cm wide and up to ∼1 m long. The marks are similar to tectonic structures on faults. They indicate that the Blocks were tumbling and sliding within the flows. Large transient stresses result when the mass of a large sliding Block is applied to a small contact area on a Neighboring Block or the ground. Compositional data indicate that the pseudotachylytes involved melting of the flow matrix. These observations support models of pyroclastic flows as rapid granular avalanches.
Stuart L Kearns - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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friction marks on Blocks from pyroclastic flows at the soufriere hills volcano montserrat implications for flow mechanisms
Geology, 2000Co-Authors: U Grunewald, R S J Sparks, Stuart L Kearns, J C KomorowskiAbstract:Friction marks on surfaces of Blocks (1 to 10 m) in pyroclastic flow deposits generated by lava dome collapse in the 1995–1999 eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, consist of a thin (5 to 10 mm) layer of cataclasite with a polished slickensided surface. In some examples, thin surface layers and veins of pseudotachylyte are found. The friction marks occur in several orientations on all Block surfaces. They are typically 0.5 to 10 cm wide and up to ∼1 m long. The marks are similar to tectonic structures on faults. They indicate that the Blocks were tumbling and sliding within the flows. Large transient stresses result when the mass of a large sliding Block is applied to a small contact area on a Neighboring Block or the ground. Compositional data indicate that the pseudotachylytes involved melting of the flow matrix. These observations support models of pyroclastic flows as rapid granular avalanches.
R S J Sparks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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friction marks on Blocks from pyroclastic flows at the soufriere hills volcano montserrat implications for flow mechanisms
Geology, 2000Co-Authors: U Grunewald, R S J Sparks, Stuart L Kearns, J C KomorowskiAbstract:Friction marks on surfaces of Blocks (1 to 10 m) in pyroclastic flow deposits generated by lava dome collapse in the 1995–1999 eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat, consist of a thin (5 to 10 mm) layer of cataclasite with a polished slickensided surface. In some examples, thin surface layers and veins of pseudotachylyte are found. The friction marks occur in several orientations on all Block surfaces. They are typically 0.5 to 10 cm wide and up to ∼1 m long. The marks are similar to tectonic structures on faults. They indicate that the Blocks were tumbling and sliding within the flows. Large transient stresses result when the mass of a large sliding Block is applied to a small contact area on a Neighboring Block or the ground. Compositional data indicate that the pseudotachylytes involved melting of the flow matrix. These observations support models of pyroclastic flows as rapid granular avalanches.
Peter G Bolhuis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the self assembly mechanism of fibril forming silk based Block copolymers
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2011Co-Authors: Marieke Schor, Peter G BolhuisAbstract:TriBlock copolymers consisting of a silk-based ((Gly-Ala)3Gly-Glu) repeat flanked by hydrophilic outer Blocks self-assemble into micrometer long fibrils in response to a trigger. Since the exact mechanism of the fibril formation remains unclear, we employ a multiscale modelling approach in combination with rare event simulations to elucidate key processes. Atomistic scale simulations on the silk-based Block suggest a mechanism in which a polypeptide prefolded into a β-roll structure docks to the growing end of a fibril through the formation of Glu–Glu sidechain contacts. Subsequently it can slide to the optimal position before water is expelled to form a dry interface between the fibril end and the attaching Block copolymer. In addition, we find that the folded state of the silk-based Block is further stabilised through interactions with its Neighboring Block. Templated folding may also play a role in case a partially folded polypeptide attaches. The coarse-grained simulations indicate that the attachment and subsequent sliding is mediated by the hydrophilic flanks in a size dependent manner. The hydrophilic Blocks prevent random aggregation and allow growth only at the end of the fibril. Our multiscale approach may be used for other fibril-forming peptides.
