The Experts below are selected from a list of 22581 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Barbara J. Stoll - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Neonatal Sepsis progress towards improved outcomes
Journal of Infection, 2014Co-Authors: Andi L Shane, Barbara J. StollAbstract:Neonates are predisposed to infections during the perinatal period due to multiple exposures and a relatively compromised immune system. The burden of disease attributed to Neonatal infections varies by geographic region and maternal and Neonatal risk factors. Worldwide, it is estimated that more than 1.4 million Neonatal deaths annually are the consequence of invasive infections. Risk factors for early-onset Neonatal Sepsis (EOS) include prematurity, immunologic immaturity, maternal Group B streptococcal colonization, prolonged rupture of membranes, and maternal intra-amniotic infection. Intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis administered to GBS-colonized women has reduced the burden of disease associated with early onset GBS invasive infections. Active surveillance has identified Gram-negative pathogens as an emerging etiology of early-onset invasive infections. Late-onset Neonatal Sepsis (LOS) attributable to Gram-positive organisms, including coagulase negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among premature infants. Invasive candidiasis is an emerging cause of late-onset Sepsis, especially among infants who receive broad spectrum antimicrobial agents. Prophylactic fluconazole administration to very low birthweight (VLBW) neonates during the first 6 weeks of life reduces invasive candidiasis in Neonatal intensive care units with high rates of fungal infection. Prevention of healthcare associated infections through antimicrobial stewardship, limited steroid use, early enteral feeding, limited use of invasive devices and standardization of catheter care practices, and meticulous hand hygiene are important and cost-effective strategies for reducing the burden of late-onset Neonatal Sepsis.
-
Neonatal infectious diseases: evaluation of Neonatal Sepsis.
Pediatric clinics of North America, 2013Co-Authors: Andres Camacho-gonzalez, Paul Spearman, Barbara J. StollAbstract:Neonatal Sepsis remains a feared cause of morbidity and mortality in the Neonatal period. Maternal, Neonatal and environmental factors are associated with risk of infection, and a combination of prevention strategies, judicious Neonatal evaluation and early initiation of therapy are required to prevent adverse outcomes. The following chapter reviews recent trends in epidemiology, and provides an update on risk factors, diagnostic methods and management of Neonatal Sepsis.
C M Odio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Cefotaxime for treatment of Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 1995Co-Authors: C M OdioAbstract:Abstract Neonatal Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs and symptoms, and bacteremia during the first month of life. The incidence is relatively low (one to eight cases/1000 live births), yet the risk of mortality is approximately 25%. Meningitis in the neonate is usually a sequela of bacteremia; however, it is discussed with neonetal Sepsis, because they commonly share etiology and pathogenesis. The incidence of meningitis is usually a fraction of the number of infants with Sepsis, varying in different settings from one-fourth to one-third. The mortality rate is high, varying in some series from 15%–50%. There are two major forms of presentation of Neonatal Sepsis. Early-onset disease presents as a fulminant, multisystemic illness during the first 5–7 days of life; late-onset disease is more commonly recognized after the first weeks of life. Because different microorganisms are responsible for the two forms of disease, the choice of antimicrobial agents also differs. Some organisms such as Escherichia coli, group B streptococci, and Listeria monocytogenes may be responsible, whereas other pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are usually associated with late-onset disease. Classic initial (empiric) treatment of Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis consists of ampicillin and an aminoglycoside. With the advent of the third-generation cephalosporins, however, the empiric antimicrobial approach for Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis has changed in most centers. Third-generation cephalosporins cover more of the pathogens implicated in Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis, except for the enterococci and L. monocytogenes . In the Fourth Neonatal Meningitis Collaborative Study, neonates were assigned to receive saline or dexamethasone before parenteral cefotaxime and ampicillin. The preliminary data from 37 neonates from six Latin American countries show a low mortality rate and no side effects attributable to the study drugs.
-
Cefotaxime for treatment of Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis.
Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, 1995Co-Authors: C M OdioAbstract:Neonatal Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs and symptoms, and bacteremia during the first month of life. The incidence is relatively low (one to eight cases/1000 live births), yet the risk of mortality is approximately 25%. Meningitis in the neonate is usually a sequela of bacteremia; however, it is discussed with Neonatal Sepsis, because they commonly share etiology and pathogenesis. The incidence of meningitis is usually a fraction of the number of infants with Sepsis, varying in different settings from one-fourth to one-third. The mortality rate is high, varying in some series from 15%-50%. There are two major forms of presentation of Neonatal Sepsis. Early-onset disease presents as a fulminant, multisystemic illness during the first 5-7 days of life; late-onset disease is more commonly recognized after the first weeks of life. Because different microorganisms are responsible for the two forms of disease, the choice of antimicrobial agents also differs. Some organisms such as Escherichia coli, group B streptococci, and Listeria monocytogenes may be responsible, whereas other pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are usually associated with late-onset disease. Classic initial (empiric) treatment of Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis consists of ampicillin and an aminoglycoside. With the advent of the third-generation cephalosporins, however, the empiric antimicrobial approach for Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis has changed in most centers. Third-generation cephalosporins cover more of the pathogens implicated in Neonatal Sepsis and meningitis, except for the enterococci and L. monocytogenes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sema Uysal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Serum Pentraxin 3 Concentration in Neonatal Sepsis
Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Fatih Battal, Ozgul Bulut, Şule Yıldırım, Hakan Aylanç, Nazan Kaymaz, Sema UysalAbstract:Objective Neonatal Sepsis is one of the most important causes of Neonatal morbidity and mortality. Symptoms and signs of Neonatal Sepsis can be silent; therefore, laboratory investigation is necessary in cases of doubt or if there are risk factors. Early diagnosis is important for early intervention and treatment. The most valuable method for diagnosis is blood culture; however, false positivity due to contamination or false negativity despite ongoing fatal bacterial infections can be seen. Pentraxin 3 is a prototype of the long pentraxin family. It has some differences from C-reactive protein (CRP) in terms of gene organization and localization and production site. It is effective in the early phase of inflammation and it is detected as an early marker of Sepsis in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pentraxin 3 can be used as a marker in Neonatal Sepsis. Materials and Methods Thirty newborns with suspected Sepsis with antenatal history or the presence of clinical signs of Sepsis, such as hypo/hyperthermia, feed intolerance, lethargy, hypotonia, irregular cardiac rhythms, bradycardia, cyanosis, apnea, respiratory distress, or metabolic acidosis, were enrolled in the study as a case group, and 28 healthy newborns were included as a control group. Serum pentraxin 3, procalcitonin, CRP, and hemogram in the study group and serum procalcitonin and pentraxin in the control group were examined. Results Serum pentraxin 3 (pg/mL) and serum procalcitonin (ng/mL) levels were 2,273.82 ± 1,260.75 and 0.86 ± 0.52 in the case group and 957.41 ± 268.00 and 0.19 ± 0.18 in the control group (p Conclusion The present study showed that serum pentraxin 3 levels may be a useful marker in the diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis.
-
Serum Pentraxin 3 Concentration in Neonatal Sepsis
Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Fatih Battal, Şule Yıldırım, Hakan Aylanç, Nazan Kaymaz, Özgül Emel Bulut, Sema UysalAbstract:Objective Neonatal Sepsis is one of the most important causes of Neonatal morbidity and mortality. Symptoms and signs of Neonatal Sepsis can be silent; therefore, laboratory investigation is necessary in cases of doubt or if there are risk factors. Early diagnosis is important for early intervention and treatment. The most valuable method for diagnosis is blood culture; however, false positivity due to contamination or false negativity despite ongoing fatal bacterial infections can be seen. Pentraxin 3 is a prototype of the long pentraxin family. It has some differences from C-reactive protein (CRP) in terms of gene organization and localization and production site. It is effective in the early phase of inflammation and it is detected as an early marker of Sepsis in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pentraxin 3 can be used as a marker in Neonatal Sepsis. Materials and Methods Thirty newborns with suspected Sepsis with antenatal history or the presence of clinical signs of Sepsis, such as hypo/hyperthermia, feed intolerance, lethargy, hypotonia, irregular cardiac rhythms, bradycardia, cyanosis, apnea, respiratory distress, or metabolic acidosis, were enrolled in the study as a case group, and 28 healthy newborns were included as a control group. Serum pentraxin 3, procalcitonin, CRP, and hemogram in the study group and serum procalcitonin and pentraxin in the control group were examined. Results Serum pentraxin 3 (pg/mL) and serum procalcitonin (ng/mL) levels were 2,273.82 ± 1,260.75 and 0.86 ± 0.52 in the case group and 957.41 ± 268.00 and 0.19 ± 0.18 in the control group (p < 0.001 for both), respectively. Conclusion The present study showed that serum pentraxin 3 levels may be a useful marker in the diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis.
Fatih Battal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Serum Pentraxin 3 Concentration in Neonatal Sepsis
Journal of Pediatric infectious diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Fatih Battal, Ozgul Bulut, Şule Yıldırım, Hakan Aylanç, Nazan Kaymaz, Sema UysalAbstract:Objective Neonatal Sepsis is one of the most important causes of Neonatal morbidity and mortality. Symptoms and signs of Neonatal Sepsis can be silent; therefore, laboratory investigation is necessary in cases of doubt or if there are risk factors. Early diagnosis is important for early intervention and treatment. The most valuable method for diagnosis is blood culture; however, false positivity due to contamination or false negativity despite ongoing fatal bacterial infections can be seen. Pentraxin 3 is a prototype of the long pentraxin family. It has some differences from C-reactive protein (CRP) in terms of gene organization and localization and production site. It is effective in the early phase of inflammation and it is detected as an early marker of Sepsis in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pentraxin 3 can be used as a marker in Neonatal Sepsis. Materials and Methods Thirty newborns with suspected Sepsis with antenatal history or the presence of clinical signs of Sepsis, such as hypo/hyperthermia, feed intolerance, lethargy, hypotonia, irregular cardiac rhythms, bradycardia, cyanosis, apnea, respiratory distress, or metabolic acidosis, were enrolled in the study as a case group, and 28 healthy newborns were included as a control group. Serum pentraxin 3, procalcitonin, CRP, and hemogram in the study group and serum procalcitonin and pentraxin in the control group were examined. Results Serum pentraxin 3 (pg/mL) and serum procalcitonin (ng/mL) levels were 2,273.82 ± 1,260.75 and 0.86 ± 0.52 in the case group and 957.41 ± 268.00 and 0.19 ± 0.18 in the control group (p Conclusion The present study showed that serum pentraxin 3 levels may be a useful marker in the diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis.
-
Serum Pentraxin 3 Concentration in Neonatal Sepsis
Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Fatih Battal, Şule Yıldırım, Hakan Aylanç, Nazan Kaymaz, Özgül Emel Bulut, Sema UysalAbstract:Objective Neonatal Sepsis is one of the most important causes of Neonatal morbidity and mortality. Symptoms and signs of Neonatal Sepsis can be silent; therefore, laboratory investigation is necessary in cases of doubt or if there are risk factors. Early diagnosis is important for early intervention and treatment. The most valuable method for diagnosis is blood culture; however, false positivity due to contamination or false negativity despite ongoing fatal bacterial infections can be seen. Pentraxin 3 is a prototype of the long pentraxin family. It has some differences from C-reactive protein (CRP) in terms of gene organization and localization and production site. It is effective in the early phase of inflammation and it is detected as an early marker of Sepsis in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pentraxin 3 can be used as a marker in Neonatal Sepsis. Materials and Methods Thirty newborns with suspected Sepsis with antenatal history or the presence of clinical signs of Sepsis, such as hypo/hyperthermia, feed intolerance, lethargy, hypotonia, irregular cardiac rhythms, bradycardia, cyanosis, apnea, respiratory distress, or metabolic acidosis, were enrolled in the study as a case group, and 28 healthy newborns were included as a control group. Serum pentraxin 3, procalcitonin, CRP, and hemogram in the study group and serum procalcitonin and pentraxin in the control group were examined. Results Serum pentraxin 3 (pg/mL) and serum procalcitonin (ng/mL) levels were 2,273.82 ± 1,260.75 and 0.86 ± 0.52 in the case group and 957.41 ± 268.00 and 0.19 ± 0.18 in the control group (p < 0.001 for both), respectively. Conclusion The present study showed that serum pentraxin 3 levels may be a useful marker in the diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis.
Barbara Frentzen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Risk factors for Neonatal Sepsis
Obstetrics and gynecology, 1996Co-Authors: Michael K. Yancey, Patrick Duff, Paul Kubilis, Penny Clark, Barbara FrentzenAbstract:Objective To determine the associations between maternal characteristics, intrapartum events, and Neonatal Sepsis by multivariate analysis. Methods We enrolled 823 women from a high-risk population and analyzed maternal and Neonatal demographic and outcome variables with univariate analysis and multivariate logistic modeling. Results Two-hundred sixteen women (26%) were colonized with group B streptococci, 82 (10%) developed chorioamnionitis, and 141 (17%) delivered prematurely. Culture-proven Neonatal Sepsis or meningitis was found in 15 of 833 (1.8%) neonates, and 101 of the remaining 818 (12.3%) infants were suspected to have Sepsis or pneumonia. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for proven Neonatal Sepsis demonstrated a statistically significant association with decreasing gestational age, duration of internal monitoring for more than 12 hours (odds ratio [OR] 7.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-32.2), maternal group B streptococcal infection (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.4-13.1), chorioamnionitis (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.2-16.1), and endometritis (OR 6.4, 95% CI 1.2-34.2). Conclusion Through the use of multivariate modeling, we determined that chorioamnionitis or endometritis, preterm delivery, group B streptococcal colonization, and a prolonged duration of internal monitoring are independent risk factors for Neonatal Sepsis. We postulate that the presence of a foreign body that traverses the birth canal may facilitate ascending peripartal infection.
