The Experts below are selected from a list of 20364 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Graeme C Hays - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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climate change and temperature linked hatchling mortality at a globally important sea turtle Nesting Site
Global Change Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Jacquie Cozens, Jacquesolivier Laloe, Berta Renom, Albert Taxonera, Graeme C HaysAbstract:The study of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in vertebrates has attracted major scientific interest. Recently, concerns for species with TSD in a warming world have increased because imbalanced sex ratios could potentially threaten population viability. In contrast, relatively little attention has been given to the direct effects of increased temperatures on successful embryonic development. Using 6603 days of sand temperature data recorded across 6 years at a globally important loggerhead sea turtle rookery—the Cape Verde Islands—we show the effects of warming incubation temperatures on the survival of hatchlings in nests. Incorporating published data (n = 110 data points for three species across 12 Sites globally), we show the generality of relationships between hatchling mortality and incubation temperature and hence the broad applicability of our findings to sea turtles in general. We use a mechanistic approach supplemented by empirical data to consider the linked effects of warming temperatures on hatchling output and on sex ratios for these species that exhibit TSD. Our results show that higher temperatures increase the natural growth rate of the population as more females are produced. As a result, we project that numbers of nests at this globally important Site will increase by approximately 30% by the year 2100. However, as incubation temperatures near lethal levels, the natural growth rate of the population decreases and the long-term survival of this turtle population is threatened. Our results highlight concerns for species with TSD in a warming world and underline the need for research to extend from a focus on temperature-dependent sex determination to a focus on temperature-linked hatchling mortalities.
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protracted rainfall decreases temperature within leatherback turtle dermochelys coriacea clutches in grenada west indies ecological implications for a species displaying temperature dependent sex determination
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2007Co-Authors: Jonathan D R Houghton, Andrew E Myers, C Lloyd, R S King, C Isaacs, Graeme C HaysAbstract:Protracted or intense rainfall may affect the reproductive success of reptilian species on a number of levels ranging from the availability of prey, the integrity of the Nesting Site and the subsequent survivability of offspring. For sea turtles (a species displaying temperature sex determination) Nesting throughout the tropics and subtropics, rainfall has previously been shown to influence the developmentenvironmentofclutches;initsextremeresultinginhighlevelsofeggorhatchlingmortality.Yetwhencomparedtoother abiotic variables affecting clutch success, rainfall has received relatively little attention. We therefore examined how fluctuations in local rainfall at a tropical Nesting Site for leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) affected the nest environment. Temperature data loggers placed within clutches (n=8) revealed that protracted rainfall had a marked cooling effect on nests, so that seasonally improbable male-producing temperatures (b29.75 °C) were produced. We use these data to explore how rainfall may ultimately influence the sex ratios of sea turtle hatchlings both within and between Nesting seasons, and discuss the importance of robust estimates of rainfall for future demographic models. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Aneesh P H Bose - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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indirect cue of paternity uncertainty does not affect nest Site selection or parental care in a pacific toadfish
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Aneesh P H Bose, Noah Houpt, Madeline Rawlins, Jessica S Miller, Francis Juanes, Sigal BalshineAbstract:Parents are expected to reduce offspring investment when confronted with reliable cues of compromised parentage, yet establishing which cues are reliable is an empirical challenge. Presenting a potential cuckolder to a breeding male is often used in experiments as an indirect cue of paternity loss. However, determining the reliability and hence the utility of this cue is an important but often-overlooked research step. Furthermore, cues of compromised parentage are typically manipulated only during the narrow time window(s) when copulations take place, and so we currently have a poor understanding of whether these cues also convey useful information at other critical timepoints in the reproductive cycle, such as during nest Site selection. Here, we present a series of field and laboratory studies using a paternal care giving toadfish, the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) to address these questions. We tested whether the presence of a potential cuckolder near a potential Nesting Site reduces the odds that males will choose to nest at that Site, or reduces the amount of care they provide for offspring. Overall, we found no clear effect of cuckolder presence on the likelihood that a male would occupy nor abandon a Nesting Site, nor on the amount of paternal care provided. The presentation of a single sneaker male may have been too weak a signal of cuckoldry to elicit a response from guarder males. Alternatively, a single sneaker male may not represent a severe enough threat to paternity to warrant a response. We highlight the importance of considering the diverse range of natural history and ecological factors that underlie paternity cue utility across different model organisms. Breeding decisions, such as which Nesting Sites to occupy or how much to invest into offspring, may be affected by external cues of parentage loss (e.g. cuckoldry) or risk thereof. Here, we tested whether the presence of a cuckolder male in the breeding environment affects male nest Site selection and paternal care. Despite being a commonly used putative indirect cue of sperm competition and paternity loss, we found no clear evidence that the presence of a single sneaker male affected these breeding decisions. Our results underscore the importance of first establishing the utility of various cues, which involves considering the ecological context from which the cues arise, before using them to assess the mechanisms underlying animal decision-making.
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Indirect cue of paternity uncertainty does not affect nest Site selection or parental care in a Pacific toadfish
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Aneesh P H Bose, Noah Houpt, Madeline Rawlins, Jessica S Miller, Francis Juanes, Sigal BalshineAbstract:Parents are expected to reduce offspring investment when confronted with reliable cues of compromised parentage, yet establishing which cues are reliable is an empirical challenge. Presenting a potential cuckolder to a breeding male is often used in experiments as an indirect cue of paternity loss. However, determining the reliability and hence the utility of this cue is an important but often-overlooked research step. Furthermore, cues of compromised parentage are typically manipulated only during the narrow time window(s) when copulations take place, and so we currently have a poor understanding of whether these cues also convey useful information at other critical timepoints in the reproductive cycle, such as during nest Site selection. Here, we present a series of field and laboratory studies using a paternal care giving toadfish, the plainfin midshipman fish ( Porichthys notatus ) to address these questions. We tested whether the presence of a potential cuckolder near a potential Nesting Site reduces the odds that males will choose to nest at that Site, or reduces the amount of care they provide for offspring. Overall, we found no clear effect of cuckolder presence on the likelihood that a male would occupy nor abandon a Nesting Site, nor on the amount of paternal care provided. The presentation of a single sneaker male may have been too weak a signal of cuckoldry to elicit a response from guarder males. Alternatively, a single sneaker male may not represent a severe enough threat to paternity to warrant a response. We highlight the importance of considering the diverse range of natural history and ecological factors that underlie paternity cue utility across different model organisms. Significance statement Breeding decisions, such as which Nesting Sites to occupy or how much to invest into offspring, may be affected by external cues of parentage loss (e.g. cuckoldry) or risk thereof. Here, we tested whether the presence of a cuckolder male in the breeding environment affects male nest Site selection and paternal care. Despite being a commonly used putative indirect cue of sperm competition and paternity loss, we found no clear evidence that the presence of a single sneaker male affected these breeding decisions. Our results underscore the importance of first establishing the utility of various cues, which involves considering the ecological context from which the cues arise, before using them to assess the mechanisms underlying animal decision-making.
Sigal Balshine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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indirect cue of paternity uncertainty does not affect nest Site selection or parental care in a pacific toadfish
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Aneesh P H Bose, Noah Houpt, Madeline Rawlins, Jessica S Miller, Francis Juanes, Sigal BalshineAbstract:Parents are expected to reduce offspring investment when confronted with reliable cues of compromised parentage, yet establishing which cues are reliable is an empirical challenge. Presenting a potential cuckolder to a breeding male is often used in experiments as an indirect cue of paternity loss. However, determining the reliability and hence the utility of this cue is an important but often-overlooked research step. Furthermore, cues of compromised parentage are typically manipulated only during the narrow time window(s) when copulations take place, and so we currently have a poor understanding of whether these cues also convey useful information at other critical timepoints in the reproductive cycle, such as during nest Site selection. Here, we present a series of field and laboratory studies using a paternal care giving toadfish, the plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) to address these questions. We tested whether the presence of a potential cuckolder near a potential Nesting Site reduces the odds that males will choose to nest at that Site, or reduces the amount of care they provide for offspring. Overall, we found no clear effect of cuckolder presence on the likelihood that a male would occupy nor abandon a Nesting Site, nor on the amount of paternal care provided. The presentation of a single sneaker male may have been too weak a signal of cuckoldry to elicit a response from guarder males. Alternatively, a single sneaker male may not represent a severe enough threat to paternity to warrant a response. We highlight the importance of considering the diverse range of natural history and ecological factors that underlie paternity cue utility across different model organisms. Breeding decisions, such as which Nesting Sites to occupy or how much to invest into offspring, may be affected by external cues of parentage loss (e.g. cuckoldry) or risk thereof. Here, we tested whether the presence of a cuckolder male in the breeding environment affects male nest Site selection and paternal care. Despite being a commonly used putative indirect cue of sperm competition and paternity loss, we found no clear evidence that the presence of a single sneaker male affected these breeding decisions. Our results underscore the importance of first establishing the utility of various cues, which involves considering the ecological context from which the cues arise, before using them to assess the mechanisms underlying animal decision-making.
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Indirect cue of paternity uncertainty does not affect nest Site selection or parental care in a Pacific toadfish
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Aneesh P H Bose, Noah Houpt, Madeline Rawlins, Jessica S Miller, Francis Juanes, Sigal BalshineAbstract:Parents are expected to reduce offspring investment when confronted with reliable cues of compromised parentage, yet establishing which cues are reliable is an empirical challenge. Presenting a potential cuckolder to a breeding male is often used in experiments as an indirect cue of paternity loss. However, determining the reliability and hence the utility of this cue is an important but often-overlooked research step. Furthermore, cues of compromised parentage are typically manipulated only during the narrow time window(s) when copulations take place, and so we currently have a poor understanding of whether these cues also convey useful information at other critical timepoints in the reproductive cycle, such as during nest Site selection. Here, we present a series of field and laboratory studies using a paternal care giving toadfish, the plainfin midshipman fish ( Porichthys notatus ) to address these questions. We tested whether the presence of a potential cuckolder near a potential Nesting Site reduces the odds that males will choose to nest at that Site, or reduces the amount of care they provide for offspring. Overall, we found no clear effect of cuckolder presence on the likelihood that a male would occupy nor abandon a Nesting Site, nor on the amount of paternal care provided. The presentation of a single sneaker male may have been too weak a signal of cuckoldry to elicit a response from guarder males. Alternatively, a single sneaker male may not represent a severe enough threat to paternity to warrant a response. We highlight the importance of considering the diverse range of natural history and ecological factors that underlie paternity cue utility across different model organisms. Significance statement Breeding decisions, such as which Nesting Sites to occupy or how much to invest into offspring, may be affected by external cues of parentage loss (e.g. cuckoldry) or risk thereof. Here, we tested whether the presence of a cuckolder male in the breeding environment affects male nest Site selection and paternal care. Despite being a commonly used putative indirect cue of sperm competition and paternity loss, we found no clear evidence that the presence of a single sneaker male affected these breeding decisions. Our results underscore the importance of first establishing the utility of various cues, which involves considering the ecological context from which the cues arise, before using them to assess the mechanisms underlying animal decision-making.
Guillermo Blanco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Strict mate fidelity and reduced breeding dispersal of widowed Red-billed Choughs Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Bird Study, 2014Co-Authors: Eva Banda, Guillermo BlancoAbstract:Capsule Red-billed Choughs showed strict mate and high nest-Site fidelity. Changes of mate or Nesting Site were recorded only in cases of widowhood or collapse of the Nesting Sites (buildings).Aims To evaluate the relationships between mate fidelity, nest-Site fidelity, breeding dispersal and widowhood in a population of Red-billed Choughs.Methods We recorded the rates of mate and nest Site fidelity in a ringed population Red-billed Choughs breeding in the Ebro Valley, NE Spain, from 1987–2006.Results We found strict mate fidelity, because no case of divorce was recorded over variable periods of mate pairing, ranging from 2 to 15 years. A proportion of widowed individuals changed Nesting Sites when re-paired, always establishing nests in places close to their previous Nesting Sites. We did not find sexual differences in the decision to change Nesting Site in newly paired widowed individuals, although widowed males tend to show higher Site fidelity and lower breeding dispersal distances than females.Conclu...
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implications of nest Site limitation on density dependent nest predation at variable spatial scales in a cavity Nesting bird
Oikos, 2009Co-Authors: Eva Banda, Guillermo BlancoAbstract:Nest-Site limitation may have different implications in the spatial distribution of breeding pairs depending on the availability of suitable habitat and the types of nest-Sites. Distribution of cavities suitable as nest Sites may allow circumstantial aggregation or active choice of colonial Nesting, which may have different implications on breeding performance through effects on breeding density, with variable costs and benefits depending on the consequences of intraspecific competition, social interactions and predation. We evaluated the effects of breeding density derived from Nesting Site limitation on breeding performance and predation at different spatial scales and considering multiple social, population and environmental limiting factors in the red-billed chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax. The results indicate that variable breeding density may arise within the population depending on the availability and spatial distribution of nest-Sites. Nest-Site availability and distribution may also determine social breeding systems (isolated or aggregated) at variable densities, thus resembling differences found at different spatially distant populations under contrasting environmental conditions. Breeding performance was related to density-dependent processes of population regulation, especially density-dependent nest predation due to predator attraction to nest clusters. Results also indicate that predation pressure depend on density patterns at large scales. This suggest that predation may have important consequences on population dynamics of spatially structured populations depending on the strength of this kind of density dependence, which in turn may depend on habitat features affecting the prey but also the spatially variable guild of predators. Because habitat and Nesting Site availability may vary spatially depending on multiple human influences, understanding the strength and form in which breeding density and nest predation at different spatial scales may influence the size and persistence of populations can help to manage them more adequately.
Jacquesolivier Laloe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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climate change and temperature linked hatchling mortality at a globally important sea turtle Nesting Site
Global Change Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Jacquie Cozens, Jacquesolivier Laloe, Berta Renom, Albert Taxonera, Graeme C HaysAbstract:The study of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in vertebrates has attracted major scientific interest. Recently, concerns for species with TSD in a warming world have increased because imbalanced sex ratios could potentially threaten population viability. In contrast, relatively little attention has been given to the direct effects of increased temperatures on successful embryonic development. Using 6603 days of sand temperature data recorded across 6 years at a globally important loggerhead sea turtle rookery—the Cape Verde Islands—we show the effects of warming incubation temperatures on the survival of hatchlings in nests. Incorporating published data (n = 110 data points for three species across 12 Sites globally), we show the generality of relationships between hatchling mortality and incubation temperature and hence the broad applicability of our findings to sea turtles in general. We use a mechanistic approach supplemented by empirical data to consider the linked effects of warming temperatures on hatchling output and on sex ratios for these species that exhibit TSD. Our results show that higher temperatures increase the natural growth rate of the population as more females are produced. As a result, we project that numbers of nests at this globally important Site will increase by approximately 30% by the year 2100. However, as incubation temperatures near lethal levels, the natural growth rate of the population decreases and the long-term survival of this turtle population is threatened. Our results highlight concerns for species with TSD in a warming world and underline the need for research to extend from a focus on temperature-dependent sex determination to a focus on temperature-linked hatchling mortalities.
