The Experts below are selected from a list of 282 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xufeng Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of antipsychotic drugs on Neurites relevant to schizophrenia treatment
Medicinal Research Reviews, 2019Co-Authors: Xufeng Huang, Xueqin SongAbstract:Although antipsychotic drugs are mainly used for treating schizophrenia, they are widely used for treating various psychiatric diseases in adults, the elderly, adolescents and even children. Today, about 1.2% of the worldwide population suffers from psychosis and related disorders, which translates to about 7.5 million subjects potentially targeted by antipsychotic drugs. Neurites project from the cell body of neurons and connect neurons to each other to form neural networks. Deficits in neurite outgrowth and integrity are implicated in psychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. Neurite deficits contribute to altered brain development, neural networking and connectivity as well as symptoms including psychosis and altered cognitive function. This review revealed that (1) antipsychotic drugs could have profound effects on Neurites, synaptic spines and synapse, by which they may influence and regulate neural networking and plasticity; (2) antipsychotic drugs target not only neurotransmitter receptors but also intracellular signaling molecules regulating the signaling pathways responsible for neurite outgrowth and maintenance; (3) high doses and chronic administration of antipsychotic drugs may cause some loss of Neurites, synaptic spines, or synapsis in the cortical structures. In addition, confounding effects causing neurite deficits may include elevated inflammatory cytokines and antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic side effects in patients on chronic antipsychotic therapy. Unraveling how antipsychotic drugs affect Neurites and neural connectivity is essential for improving therapeutic outcomes and preventing aversive effects for patients on antipsychotic drug treatment.
Xueqin Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of antipsychotic drugs on Neurites relevant to schizophrenia treatment
Medicinal Research Reviews, 2019Co-Authors: Xufeng Huang, Xueqin SongAbstract:Although antipsychotic drugs are mainly used for treating schizophrenia, they are widely used for treating various psychiatric diseases in adults, the elderly, adolescents and even children. Today, about 1.2% of the worldwide population suffers from psychosis and related disorders, which translates to about 7.5 million subjects potentially targeted by antipsychotic drugs. Neurites project from the cell body of neurons and connect neurons to each other to form neural networks. Deficits in neurite outgrowth and integrity are implicated in psychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. Neurite deficits contribute to altered brain development, neural networking and connectivity as well as symptoms including psychosis and altered cognitive function. This review revealed that (1) antipsychotic drugs could have profound effects on Neurites, synaptic spines and synapse, by which they may influence and regulate neural networking and plasticity; (2) antipsychotic drugs target not only neurotransmitter receptors but also intracellular signaling molecules regulating the signaling pathways responsible for neurite outgrowth and maintenance; (3) high doses and chronic administration of antipsychotic drugs may cause some loss of Neurites, synaptic spines, or synapsis in the cortical structures. In addition, confounding effects causing neurite deficits may include elevated inflammatory cytokines and antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic side effects in patients on chronic antipsychotic therapy. Unraveling how antipsychotic drugs affect Neurites and neural connectivity is essential for improving therapeutic outcomes and preventing aversive effects for patients on antipsychotic drug treatment.
Donard S Dwyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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second generation antipsychotic drugs olanzapine quetiapine and clozapine enhance neurite outgrowth in pc12 cells via p13k akt erk and pertussis toxin sensitive pathways
Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 2005Co-Authors: Donard S DwyerAbstract:Second-generation antipsychotic drugs, olanzapine, quetiapine, and clozapine, were found to enhance neurite outgrowth induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) in PC12 cells. These drugs increased the number of cells bearing Neurites, the length of primary Neurites, and the size of the cell body of NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. In addition, the drugs induced sprouting of neurite-like processes in PC12 cells in the absence of NGF. Olanzapine, quetiapine, and clozapine enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK in combination with NGF, and specific inhibitors of these pathways attenuated these effects. Pretreatment of cells overnight with pertussis toxin had no effect on NGF-induced differentiation but significantly decreased the effects of the antipsychotic drugs on neurite outgrowth, suggesting that Gi/Go-coupled receptors are involved in the response to drug. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects of the second-generation drugs might suggest new therapeutic targets for enhancement of neurite outgrowth.
Stephen T. C. Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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automated neurite labeling and analysis in fluorescence microscopy images
Cytometry Part A, 2006Co-Authors: Guanglei Xiong, Xiaobo Zhou, Alexei Degterev, Stephen T. C. WongAbstract:Background: To investigate the intricate nervous processes involved in many biological activities by computerized image analysis, accurate and reproducible labeling and measurement of Neurites are prerequisite. We have developed an automated neurite analysis method to assist this task. Methods: Our approach can be considered as automated with certain user interaction in setting initial parameters. Single and connected centerlines along Neurites are extracted. The computerized method can also generate branching and end points. Owing to its multi-scale flexibility, both thick and thin Neurites are simultaneously detected. Results: We employ the relative neurite length difference (defined as the difference between the lengths obtained by automated and manual analysis divided by the total length of the latter) and neurite centerline deviation (defined as the area of the regions enclosed by different paths between automated and manual analysis divided by the total length of the former) to evaluate the performance of our algorithm, which is of great interest in neurite analysis. The average of the relative length difference is about 0.02, while the average of the centerline deviation is about 2.8 pixels. The probabilities of the distributions being the same from the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test of the automatic and manual results are 99.79%. The KS test also shows no significant bias between different observers based on the proposed new validation scheme. Conclusions: With the accurate and automated extraction of neurite centerlines and measurement of neurite lengths, the proposed method, which greatly reduces human labor and improves efficiency, can serve as a candidate tool for large-scale neurite analysis beyond the capability of manual tracing methods. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
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automated labeling of Neurites in fluorescence microscopy images
International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, 2006Co-Authors: Guanglei Xiong, Xiaobo Zhou, Alexei Degterev, Stephen T. C. WongAbstract:To investigate the intricate nervous processes involved in many biological activities by image analysis, accurate and reproducible labeling and measurement of Neurites is a prerequisite. We have developed a fully automated neurite analysis method to assist this task. Unlike most of the previous reported manual or semiautomatic methods, our approach is fully automated. Single and connected centerlines along Neurites are extracted. The computerized method can also output branching and end points. Due to its multi-scale nature, both thick and thin Neurites are simultaneously detected. With the accurate and fully automated extraction of neurite centerlines and measurement of neurite lengths, the proposed method, which greatly reduces human labor and improves efficiency, can serve as a candidate tool for large-scale neurite analysis beyond the capability of manual tracing methods.
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ISBI - Automated labeling of Neurites in fluorescence microscopy images
3rd IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: Macro to Nano 2006., 1Co-Authors: Guanglei Xiong, Xiaobo Zhou, Alexei Degterev, Stephen T. C. WongAbstract:To investigate the intricate nervous processes involved in many biological activities by image analysis, accurate and reproducible labeling and measurement of Neurites is a prerequisite. We have developed a fully automated neurite analysis method to assist this task. Unlike most of the previous reported manual or semiautomatic methods, our approach is fully automated. Single and connected centerlines along Neurites are extracted. The computerized method can also output branching and end points. Due to its multi-scale nature, both thick and thin Neurites are simultaneously detected. With the accurate and fully automated extraction of neurite centerlines and measurement of neurite lengths, the proposed method, which greatly reduces human labor and improves efficiency, can serve as a candidate tool for large-scale neurite analysis beyond the capability of manual tracing methods.
Helen M. Buettner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Neurite Outgrowth is Directed by Schwann Cell Alignment in the Absence of Other Guidance Cues
Annals of biomedical engineering, 2006Co-Authors: Deanna M. Thompson, Helen M. BuettnerAbstract:Schwann cells enhance axonal regeneration following nerve injury in vivo and provide a favorable substrate for neurite outgrowth in vitro. However, much remains unknown about the nature of interactions that occur between Schwann cells and growing Neurites. In this paper, we describe direct evidence of the ability of Schwann cell alignment alone to direct neurite outgrowth. Previously, we reported that laminin micropatterns can be used to align Schwann cells and thus create oriented Schwann cell monolayers. In the current study, dissociated rat spinal neurons were seeded onto oriented Schwann cell monolayers, whose alignment provided the only directional cue for growing Neurites, and neurite alignment with the underlying Schwann cells was analyzed. The orientation of neurite outgrowth mimicked that of the Schwann cells. Associations observed between Neurites and Schwann cells suggest that Schwann cells may guide neurite outgrowth through both topographical and molecular mechanisms. This work demonstrates that Schwann cell alignment can direct neurite outgrowth in the absence of other directional cues, and provides a new method for examining neuronal–Schwann cell interactions in vitro.