The Experts below are selected from a list of 1797 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

David W. Mccandless - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Human Nocturnal Epilepsy
    Epilepsy, 2011
    Co-Authors: David W. Mccandless
    Abstract:

    Nocturnal frontal lobe Epilepsy is a seizure disorder sometimes difficult to diagnose because the seizures occur predominantly or exclusively during night time sleep. They are often misdiagnosed as parasomnia. Parasomnias are a group of abnormal, undesirable motor, verbal, and/or experiential phenomenon. These include night terrors, sleep walking, teeth grinding, rhythmic movements, etc. Parasomnias will be examined later in this chapter because it is essential to distinguish between these sleep (psychiatric) disorders and highly treatable Nocturnal frontal lobe Epilepsy.

  • Nocturnal Epilepsy Animal Models
    Epilepsy, 2011
    Co-Authors: David W. Mccandless
    Abstract:

    Animal models of Nocturnal frontal lobe Epilepsy are not as easy to produce as other animal models of human Epilepsy. This is in part due to the main feature of these seizures – they occur during sleep, so are not readily observable. They are of course, complex partial seizures, so have many features of those originating from temporal lobe structures. One reason the classification of “temporal lobe Epilepsy” has fallen from widespread use is that these seizures can originate from foci adjacent to, but removed from the temporal cortex.

Christopher P. Derry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

SF Berkovic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Paroxysmal motor disorders of sleep: The clinical spectrum and differentiation from Epilepsy
    EPILEPSIA, 2006
    Co-Authors: SF Berkovic
    Abstract:

    The diagnosis of paroxysmal events in sleep represents a significant challenge for the clinician, with the distinction of Nocturnal Epilepsy from nonepileptic sleep disorders often the primary concern. Diagnostic error or uncertainty is not uncommon in this situation, particularly with respect to Nocturnal frontal lobe Epilepsy (NFLE), which has a variable and often unusual presentation. Such errors can be minimized if the range of nonepileptic disorders with motor activity in sleep is fully appreciated. Here we review these disorders, before discussing the important clinical and electrographic features that allow their accurate differentiation from seizures. Particular emphasis is placed on the differentiation of Nocturnal frontal lobe Epilepsy from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) arousal disorders and other parasomnias. The value of recording episodes with video EEG polysomnography is discussed.

Liborio Parrino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • EEG Spectral Coherence Analysis in Nocturnal Epilepsy
    IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering, 2018
    Co-Authors: Giovanni Busonera, Marco Cogoni, Monica Puligheddu, Raffaele Ferri, Giulia Milioli, Liborio Parrino, Francesco Marrosu, Gianluigi Zanetti
    Abstract:

    Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely employed in the study of sleep disorders. This paper exploits the identification of cyclic alternating patterns (CAPs), a periodic ubiquitous phenomenon nested in the sleep stages, to analyze the EEG spectral coherence in subjects affected by Nocturnal frontal lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) and healthy controls. Methods: For each EEG recording, we extracted several CAP A1 subtype 4 s time series. We analyze the coherence between each pair of electrodes for each individual to obtain its distribution for each frequency range of interest to investigate differences between cases and controls. In addition, the imaginary and real parts of the spectral coherence were calculated and plotted to assess their likelihood of segregation into different classes and anatomical regions. Results: The results of this study suggest a relevant frontal-temporal neural circuitry difference between individuals affected by Epilepsy and controls. Conclusion: This supports the observation that, though highly variable, a broad range of executive, cognitive and attentional deficit observed in subjects affected by NFLE might depend on frontal-temporal altered networking. Significance: The investigation of EEG activity in the domain of the complex sleep architecture represents a challenging topic in neurophysiology and needs new methods to explore the manifold aspects of sleep. This work aims to provide a simple method to distinguish NFLE from healthy subjects from a functional connectivity point of view and to explore the possibility of using a smaller EEG channel set to support diagnosis.

  • Atypical patterns in portable monitoring for sleep apnoea: features of Nocturnal Epilepsy?
    The European respiratory journal, 2012
    Co-Authors: Liborio Parrino, Giulia Milioli, Andrea Grassi, Fernando De Paolis, Silvia Riccardi, Elena Colizzi, Marcello Bosi, Mario Giovanni Terzano
    Abstract:

    Atypical cardiorespiratory patterns can be found during routine clinical use of portable monitoring for diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Over 1,000 consecutive portable recordings were analysed to study the potential ictal nature of stereotyped cardiorespiratory and motor patterns. Snoring, airflow, thoracic effort, pulse rate, body position, oxygen saturation and activity of the anterior tibialis muscles were quantified. Recordings showing stereotyped polygraphic patterns recurring throughout the night, but without the features of sleep apnoea (apnoea/hypopnoea index

Mario Raggenbass - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Role of neuronal nicotinic receptors in the transmission and processing of information in neurons of the central nervous system
    Pharmacology biochemistry and behavior, 2001
    Co-Authors: Eliane Tribollet, Daniel Bertrand, Mario Raggenbass
    Abstract:

    The properties of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) were studied following exogenous expression in a host system or using whole-cell recordings in brain slices, autoradiography and immunohistochemistry. When expressed in HEK-293 cells, alpha 4 beta 2 nAChRs displayed both a high and a low affinity component. The ratio of these two states was modified by chronic nicotine exposure, resulting in an enhanced sensitivity and a marked reduction in desensitization. Mutations in the gene coding for the alpha 4 subunit are responsible for a particular form of Nocturnal Epilepsy. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, alpha 4 beta 2 nAChRs containing these mutations displayed distinct alterations in agonist affinity, desensitization and calcium permeability. Magnocellular endocrine neurons in the supraoptic (SO) nucleus of the hypothalamus were found to express functional alpha 7-containing nAChRs, which could play a role in regulating neurohypophysial peptide secretion. Facial (VII), hypoglossal (XII) and vagal (X) motoneurons of young rats responded to ACh by a fast inward current. The nAChRs present in VII and XII nuclei were of the non-alpha 7-containing type, whereas those present in the X nucleus contained the alpha 7 subunit. In Bcl-2 transgenic mice, facial nerve axotomy caused nAChRs downregulation by interfering negatively with the expression of the alpha 4 subunit. Binding sites corresponding to alpha 7-containing nAChRs were also detected in spinal motor nuclei and axotomy provoked a reduction of the binding. Together, these data indicate that long-term exposure to nicotine can promote neuroadaptive changes in nAChRs and that genetic alterations of neuronal nAChRs can result in transmissible neurological diseases. They also suggest that these receptors probably play a role in the central regulation of autonomic functions, as well as in motor control.