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Gregory E Kersten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Language familiarity on e negotiation use of native vs Nonnative Language
Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Gregory E KerstenAbstract:This study explored the influence of Language familiarity on persuasion behavior in e-negotiation. This was motivated by booming global e-business and the resulting popularity of cross-country e-negotiation. A laboratory e-negotiation experiment was conducted with two groups who used native and Nonnative Language in negotiation separately. We found that Language familiarity has a positive effect on both Language self-efficacy and negotiation self-efficacy. Moreover, mediated effect analyses revealed a critical effect path from Language self-efficacy to negotiation self-efficacy to communication efficiency to communication effectiveness to persuasion behavior. This indicates that Language familiarity is the fundamentally critical factor in guiding persuasion behavior since it can affect both Language self-efficacy and negotiation self-efficacy. Therefore, determining how to improve both Language self-efficacy and negotiation self-efficacy when negotiating in a Nonnative Language is very important. Finally, possible contributions provided by information technology are proposed from the viewpoint of the information systems discipline.
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HICSS - Effects of Language Familiarity on e-Negotiation: Use of Native vs. Nonnative Language
2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Gregory E KerstenAbstract:This study explored the influence of Language familiarity on persuasion behavior in e-negotiation. This was motivated by booming global e-business and the resulting popularity of cross-country e-negotiation. A laboratory e-negotiation experiment was conducted with two groups who used native and Nonnative Language in negotiation separately. We found that Language familiarity has a positive effect on both Language self-efficacy and negotiation self-efficacy. Moreover, mediated effect analyses revealed a critical effect path from Language self-efficacy to negotiation self-efficacy to communication efficiency to communication effectiveness to persuasion behavior. This indicates that Language familiarity is the fundamentally critical factor in guiding persuasion behavior since it can affect both Language self-efficacy and negotiation self-efficacy. Therefore, determining how to improve both Language self-efficacy and negotiation self-efficacy when negotiating in a Nonnative Language is very important. Finally, possible contributions provided by information technology are proposed from the viewpoint of the information systems discipline.
Harald Clahsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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morphosyntax in the bilingual mental lexicon an experimental study of strong stems in german
Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2015Co-Authors: Helena Krause, Sina Bosch, Harald ClahsenAbstract:Although morphosyntax has been identified as a major source of difficulty for adult (Nonnative) Language learners, most previous studies have examined a limited set of largely affix-based phenomena. Little is known about word-based morphosyntax in late bilinguals and of how morphosyntax is represented and processed in a Nonnative speaker’s lexicon. To address these questions, we report results from two behavioral experiments investigating stem variants of strong verbs in German (which encode features such as tense, person, and number) in groups of advanced adult learners as well as native speakers of German. Although the late bilinguals were highly proficient in German, the results of a lexical priming experiment revealed clear native-Nonnative differences. We argue that lexical representation and processing relies less on morphosyntactic information in a Nonnative than in a native Language.
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morphological structure in native and Nonnative Language processing
Language Learning, 2010Co-Authors: Harald Clahsen, Claudia Felser, Kathleen Neubauer, Mikako Sato, Renita SilvaAbstract:This article presents a selective overview of studies that have investigated how advanced adult second Language (L2) learners process morphologically complex words. The studies reported here have used different kinds of experimental tasks (including speeded grammaticality judgments, lexical decision, and priming) to examine three domains of morphological processing (regular and irregular inflection, derived word forms, and morphosyntactic phenomena) in L2 learners from typologically different first Language (L1) backgrounds. The results from these studies demonstrate clear differences between native and Nonnative processing in all three domains, indicating that adult L2 learners are less sensitive to morphological structure than native speakers and rely more on lexical storage than on morphological parsing during processing.
Anna B. Cieślicka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bilingual Figurative Language Processing - Bilingual figurative Language processing
Psychology of Bilingualism, 2017Co-Authors: Roberto R. Heredia, Anna B. CieślickaAbstract:This chapter provides an overview of the research in bilingual figurative Language processing. It starts with reviewing different types of figurative Language and the importance it has for revealing the mechanisms underlying Language processing in general. As research into how bilinguals process figurative Language is largely an extension of the research questions explored in the monolingual literature, the chapter next discusses models developed to account for how native Language (L1) speakers store and process figurative Language. The chapter then summarizes the still limited studies into L2 (Nonnative) and bilingual figurative processing and identifies major research themes that have been explored through off-line and online behavioral, electrophysiological, and eye-tracking studies which looked at how Nonnative Language users acquire, store, and retrieve different figurative tropes.
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Do Nonnative Language Speakers Chew the Fat and Spill the Beans with Different Brain Hemispheres? Investigating Idiom Decomposability with the Divided Visual Field Paradigm
Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2013Co-Authors: Anna B. CieślickaAbstract:The purpose of this study was to explore possible cerebral asymmetries in the processing of decomposable and nondecomposable idioms by fluent Nonnative speakers of English. In the study, native Language (Polish) and foreign Language (English) decomposable and nondecomposable idioms were embedded in ambiguous (neutral) and unambiguous (biasing figurative meaning) context and presented centrally, followed by laterally presented target words related to the figurative meaning of the idiom or literal meaning of the last word of the idiom. The target appeared either immediately at sentence offset (Experiment 1), or 400 ms (Experiment 2) after sentence offset. Results are inconsistent with the Idiom Decomposition Hypothesis (Gibbs et al. in Mem Cogn 17:58–68, 1989a ; J Mem Lang 28:576–593, 1989b ) and only partially consistent with the idea of the differential cerebral involvement in processing (non)decomposable idioms [the Fine/Coarse Coding Theory , Beeman (Right hemisphere Language comprehension: perspectives from cognitive neuroscience, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, 1998 )]. A number of factors, rather than compositionality per se, emerge as crucial in determining idiom processing, such as Language status (native vs. Nonnative), salience, or context.
Rex A. Sprouse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Was für N Interrogatives and Quantifier Scope in English-German Interpretation
2020Co-Authors: Laurent Dekydtspotter, Rex A. Sprouse, Thaddeus G. MeyerAbstract:A central issue in Nonnative Language (L2) research is the degree to which L2 grammars are epistemologically equivalent to grammars acquired in native Language (L1) acquisition. Of relevance here is the investigation of the acquisition of grammatical phenomena in the Target Language, which (1) represent a severe of poverty of the stimulus in that natural analogical extension of the input would lead to overgeneralization, (2) are not directly instantiated in the learners’ L1, and (3) are not the object of classroom instruction. One particularly probative grammatical domain is offered by idiosyncratic syntax-semantics interface properties. This is because it is in principle possible that L2ers might develop syntactic systems that are extensionally equivalent to systems acquired in L1 acquisition within a particular domain, even though the two systems might be fundamentally different at a deeper epistemological level. It is extremely implausible that epistemologically nonequivalent systems would agree not only in licensing the same patterns, but also in constraining the interpretations of such patterns in the same highly idiosyncratic ways. Several previous studies have pointed to the conclusion that L2 grammars are epistemologically equivalent to L1 grammars on the basis of such phenomena, including: Dekydtspotter, Sprouse & Anderson (1997) on process vs. result interpretations of double genitives in English-French interLanguage; Slabakova (1997) on telic vs. atelic interpretations of verbs in Slavic-English; Kanno (1998) and Perez-Leroux & Glass (1999) on bound variable vs. deictic interpretations of overt pronouns in English-Japanese and English-Spanish interLanguage respectively; Dekydtspotter, Sprouse & Thyre (1999/2000) on single-event vs. multipleevent interpretations of quantifiers in adverbial position in English-French interLanguage; Dekydtspotter, Sprouse & Gibson (2001) on the interpretation of internally headed versus externally headed relatives in English-French interLanguage, Anderson (2002) on presupposition vs. nonpresupposition of uniqueness of the noun referent in attributive adjectival constructions in EnglishFrench interLanguage; among others. This paper is intended to offer an additional contribution to this body of research. In this paper, we investigate constraints on quantifier scope in the acquisition of continuous and discontinuous was fur ‘what for’ interrogatives in English-German interLanguage. We focus on interpretive properties of was fur ‘what for’ interrogatives due to scope. These meet the three criteria for relevance in studies of this nature: (1) they are not found in the learners' native grammar; (2) they are not obvious in the input; and (3) they are not the object of instruction. Despite these obstacles, we find that English-German learners develop knowledge of the same interpretative asymmetry found in native German. It is highly implausible that this knowledge would develop in Nonnative acquisition unless the same intermodular constraints operant in native Language acquisition continue to constrain Nonnative Language acquisition in adult learners.
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The Role of Universal Grammar in Nonnative Language Acquisition
The Oxford Handbook of Universal Grammar, 2016Co-Authors: Bonnie D. Schwartz, Rex A. SprouseAbstract:Children, at least children acquiring their native Language (L1), develop grammars vastly underdetermined by the primary linguistic data available to them, converging on both obvious and subtle properties of the target Language (TL), rapidly, (essentially) uniformly, and reflexively (i.e., without effort or intentional instruction). In contrast, (adult) Nonnative Language (L2) acquisition, even under optimal conditions of TL exposure, displays more varied outcomes, frequently with readily observable divergence from the TL, often despite concerted effort and instruction. The standard assumption in mainstream generative grammar is that (L1) children display target convergence because early Language acquisition is guided and constrained by the set of innate domain-specific cognitive structures generally referred to as Universal Grammar (UG). This chapter considers conceptual issues surrounding as well as empirical evidence for and against the claim that (despite initial appearances) some or all of the principles and primes of UG likewise guide and constrain (adult) L2 acquisition.
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Emergent knowledge of a universal phonological principle in the L2 acquisition of vowel harmony in Turkish: A ‘four’-fold poverty of the stimulus in L2 acquisition:
Second Language Research, 2016Co-Authors: Öner Özçelik, Rex A. SprouseAbstract:A significant body of theoretically motivated research has addressed the role of Universal Grammar (UG) in the Nonnative acquisition of morphosyntax and properties of the syntax–semantics interface, but very little research has addressed the role of phonological principles of UG in Nonnative Language acquisition. Turkish has a regular and pervasive system of vowel harmony for which classroom second Language (L2) learners receive explicit instruction and abundant input; however, there are also cases of non-canonical vowel harmony in Turkish, for which classroom learners receive no instruction and rather little input. In this study, we show that English–Turkish L2ers come to exhibit sensitivity to the ‘No Crossing Constraint’ of UG (Goldsmith, 1976; Hammond, 1988) when calculating non-canonical vowel harmony in the context of underlyingly pre-specified non-velarized laterals (i.e. ‘light’ [l]), despite the poverty of the stimulus and potentially misleading effects of classroom instruction and standard Turki...
Peter J. Mcleod - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A cross-Language investigation of infant preference for infant-directed communication
Infant Behavior & Development, 1994Co-Authors: Janet F. Werker, Judith E. Pegg, Peter J. McleodAbstract:Abstract Virtually all the research to date on infant preference for infant-directed talk has been conducted with English-learning infants. This study was designed to test whether the preference for native infant-directed (ID) communication extends to a Language group other than English, and whether infants' preference for ID communication extends to a Nonnative Language. English- and Cantonese-learning infants 4.5 and 9.0 months of age were tested on their preference for filmed displays of a Cantonese-speaking female addressing either her own infant (ID) or an adult (AD). Both groups of infants showed a robust attentional and affective preference for ID over AD in Cantonese. These results strengthen the claim that the special properties evident in ID communication may have universal attentional and affective significance.
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A Cross-Language lnvesti for Infant-Directe 3 ation of Infant Preference Communication
1994Co-Authors: Janet F. Werker, Judith E. Pegg, Peter J. Mcleod, Nova ScotiaAbstract:Virtually all the research to date on infant preference for infant-directed talk has been conducted with English-learning infants. This study was designed to test whether the preference for native infant-directed (ID) communication extends to a Language group other than English, and whether infants’ preference for ID communication extends to a Nonnative Language. English- and Cantonese-learning infants 4.5 and 9.0 months of age were tested on their preference for filmed displays of a Cantonese-speaking female addressing either her own infant (ID) or an adult (AD). Both groups of infants showed a robust attentional and affective preference for ID over AD in Cantonese. These results strengthen the claim that the special properties evident in ID communication may have universal attentional and affective significance.
