The Experts below are selected from a list of 181491 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Toshihiko Shoji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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apple procyanidins induce tumor cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway activation of caspase 3
Carcinogenesis, 2007Co-Authors: Tomisato Miura, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Mitsuru Chiba, Kousuke Kasai, Hiroyuki Nozaka, Toshiya Nakamura, Tatsusuke SatoAbstract:Various epidemiologic and experimental in vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that polyphenols derived from fruits, vegetables and beverages might decrease the risk of developing lifestyle diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Apples are a major dietary source of polyphenols. Here we investigated the antitumor activity of apple polyphenols (APs) and procyanidins, namely condensed tannins, both in vitro and in vivo studies. APs and procyanidins inhibited the growth of transplanted B16 mouse melanoma cells and BALB-MC.E12 mouse mammary tumor cells, and increased the survival rate of the host mice-transplanted B16 cells. Among the APs, the apple procyanidins specifically, rather than other polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin, phloridzin and procyanidin B2, had a major effect on cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro. The apple procyanidins increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and cytochrome c release from mitochondria and activated caspase-3 and caspase-9 within the tumor cells. In addition, we separated eight procyanidin fractions according to the degree of polymerization using Normal-Phase Chromatography, and detected strong anti-tumor activity in the procyanidin pentamer and higher degree fractions. Our results indicate that the oral administration of apple procyanidins inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway.
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oligomeric procyanidins in apple polyphenol are main active components for inhibition of pancreatic lipase and triglyceride absorption
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Hiroshi Sugiyama, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yoko Akazome, Atsuko Yamaguchi, Masaaki Yasue, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Inhibitory effects of apple polyphenol extract (AP) and procyanidin contained in AP on in vitro pancreatic lipase activity and in vivo triglyceride absorption in mice and humans were examined. AP and procyanidin considerably inhibited in vitro pancreatic lipase activity. However, polyphenols, except for procyanidin, in AP (i.e., catechins, chalcones, and phenol carboxylic acids) showed weak inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase. Procyanidins separated by Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization were also examined. Inhibitory effects of procyanidins increased according to the degree of polymerization from dimer to pentamer. On the other hand, pentamer or greater procyanidins showed maximal inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase. These results suggested that with respect to in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition, the degree of polymerization was an important factor and oligomeric procyanidin mainly contributed. Next, we performed a triglyceride tolerance test in mice and humans. Simultaneous ingestion of AP and triglyceride significantly inhibited an increase of plasma triglyceride levels in both models. These results suggested that the oligomeric procyanidins contained in AP inhibited triglyceride absorption by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity in mice and humans.
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oligomeric procyanidins in apple polyphenol are main active components for inhibition of pancreatic lipase and triglyceride absorption
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Hiroshi Sugiyama, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yoko Akazome, Atsuko Yamaguchi, Masaaki Yasue, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Inhibitory effects of apple polyphenol extract (AP) and procyanidin contained in AP on in vitro pancreatic lipase activity and in vivo triglyceride absorption in mice and humans were examined. AP and procyanidin considerably inhibited in vitro pancreatic lipase activity. However, polyphenols, except for procyanidin, in AP (i.e., catechins, chalcones, and phenol carboxylic acids) showed weak inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase. Procyanidins separated by Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization were also examined. Inhibitory effects of procyanidins increased according to the degree of polymerization from dimer to pentamer. On the other hand, pentamer or greater procyanidins showed maximal inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase. These results suggested that with respect to in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition, the degree of polymerization was an important factor and oligomeric procyanidin mainly contributed. Next, we performed a triglyceride tolerance test in mice and hu...
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apple malus pumila procyanidins fractionated according to the degree of polymerization using normal phase Chromatography and characterized by hplc esi ms and maldi tof ms
Journal of Chromatography A, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Abstract Our previously reported method for the fractionation of apple procyanidins was modified successfully to achieve the separation of (epi)catechins and procyanidins (ranging from dimers to octamers) according to the degree of polymerization. Normal-Phase Chromatography was employed, using a hexane–methanol–ethyl acetate mixture as the mobile phase. Each fraction was characterized using high-performance liquid-Chromatography electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS) and matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). This method will be useful for the evaluation of the physiological functions of proanthocyanidins and for the elucidation of their individual structures.
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apple procyanidin oligomers absorption in rats after oral administration analysis of procyanidins in plasma using the porter method and high performance liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Yukihiro GodaAbstract:In this study, we investigated the absorption of apple procyanidins, namely, apple condensed tannins (ACTs), in rats using the Porter method and high-performance liquid Chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The apple procyanidin concentrations in the rat plasma reached a maximum 2 h after administration and decreased thereafter. To investigate the limits of the absorption of apple procyanidins in the polymerization degree, we administered the procyanidin oligomer fraction, which was separated from ACT using Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization. Procyanidins from each dimer to pentamer group were detected in the plasma by the Porter method. Moreover, by the study using reconstituted procyanidins, polymeric procyanidins influenced the absorption of procyanidin oligomers. These results suggest that ACTs are absorbed and directly involved in physiological functions in the rats. Keywords: Absorption; apple procyanidins; HPLC/MS/MS; procyanidin dimers; procyanidin trimers
Franzgeorg Hanisch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recombinant muc1 probe authentically reflects cell specific o glycosylation profiles of endogenous breast cancer mucin high density and prevalent core 2 based glycosylation
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2002Co-Authors: Stefan Muller, Franzgeorg HanischAbstract:Abstract Knowledge about the O-linked glycan chains of tumor-associated MUC1 is primarily based on enzymatic and immunochemical evidence. To obtain structural information and to overcome limitations by the scarcity of endogenous mucin, we expressed a recombinant glycosylation probe corresponding to six MUC1 tandem repeats in four breast cancer cell lines. Comparative analyses of theO-glycan profiles were performed after hydrazinolysis and normal phase Chromatography of 2-aminobenzamide-labeled glycans. Except for a general reduction in the O-glycan chain lengths and a high density glycosylation, no common structural pattern was revealed. T47D fusion protein exhibits an almost complete shift from core 2 to core 1 expression with a preponderance of sialylated glycans. By contrast, MCF-7, MDA-MB231, and ZR75–1 cells glycosylate the MUC1 repeat peptide preferentially with core 2-based glycans terminating mostly with α3-linked sialic acid (MDA-MB231, ZR75–1) or α2/3-linked fucose (MCF-7). Endogenous MUC1 from T47D and MCF-7 cell supernatants revealed almost identicalO-glycosylation profiles compared with the respective recombinant probes, indicating that the fusion proteins reflected the authentic O-glycan profiles of the cells. The structural patterns in the majority of cells under study are in conflict with biosynthetic models of MUC1 O-glycosylation in breast cancer, which claim that the truncation of normal core 2-based polylactosamine structures to short sialylated core 1-based glycans is due to the reduced activity of core 2-forming β6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and/or to overexpression of competitive α3- sialyltransferase.
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recombinant muc1 probe authentically reflects cell specific o glycosylation profiles of endogenous breast cancer mucin high density and prevalent core 2 based glycosylation
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2002Co-Authors: Stefan Muller, Franzgeorg HanischAbstract:Knowledge about the O-linked glycan chains of tumor-associated MUC1 is primarily based on enzymatic and immunochemical evidence. To obtain structural information and to overcome limitations by the scarcity of endogenous mucin, we expressed a recombinant glycosylation probe corresponding to six MUC1 tandem repeats in four breast cancer cell lines. Comparative analyses of the O-glycan profiles were performed after hydrazinolysis and normal phase Chromatography of 2-aminobenzamide-labeled glycans. Except for a general reduction in the O-glycan chain lengths and a high density glycosylation, no common structural pattern was revealed. T47D fusion protein exhibits an almost complete shift from core 2 to core 1 expression with a preponderance of sialylated glycans. By contrast, MCF-7, MDA-MB231, and ZR75-1 cells glycosylate the MUC1 repeat peptide preferentially with core 2-based glycans terminating mostly with alpha 3-linked sialic acid (MDA-MB231, ZR75-1) or alpha 2/3-linked fucose (MCF-7). Endogenous MUC1 from T47D and MCF-7 cell supernatants revealed almost identical O-glycosylation profiles compared with the respective recombinant probes, indicating that the fusion proteins reflected the authentic O-glycan profiles of the cells. The structural patterns in the majority of cells under study are in conflict with biosynthetic models of MUC1 O-glycosylation in breast cancer, which claim that the truncation of normal core 2-based polylactosamine structures to short sialylated core 1-based glycans is due to the reduced activity of core 2-forming beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and/or to overexpression of competitive alpha 3- sialyltransferase.
Yasuyuki Ohtake - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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apple procyanidins induce tumor cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway activation of caspase 3
Carcinogenesis, 2007Co-Authors: Tomisato Miura, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Mitsuru Chiba, Kousuke Kasai, Hiroyuki Nozaka, Toshiya Nakamura, Tatsusuke SatoAbstract:Various epidemiologic and experimental in vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that polyphenols derived from fruits, vegetables and beverages might decrease the risk of developing lifestyle diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Apples are a major dietary source of polyphenols. Here we investigated the antitumor activity of apple polyphenols (APs) and procyanidins, namely condensed tannins, both in vitro and in vivo studies. APs and procyanidins inhibited the growth of transplanted B16 mouse melanoma cells and BALB-MC.E12 mouse mammary tumor cells, and increased the survival rate of the host mice-transplanted B16 cells. Among the APs, the apple procyanidins specifically, rather than other polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin, phloridzin and procyanidin B2, had a major effect on cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro. The apple procyanidins increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and cytochrome c release from mitochondria and activated caspase-3 and caspase-9 within the tumor cells. In addition, we separated eight procyanidin fractions according to the degree of polymerization using Normal-Phase Chromatography, and detected strong anti-tumor activity in the procyanidin pentamer and higher degree fractions. Our results indicate that the oral administration of apple procyanidins inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway.
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oligomeric procyanidins in apple polyphenol are main active components for inhibition of pancreatic lipase and triglyceride absorption
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Hiroshi Sugiyama, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yoko Akazome, Atsuko Yamaguchi, Masaaki Yasue, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Inhibitory effects of apple polyphenol extract (AP) and procyanidin contained in AP on in vitro pancreatic lipase activity and in vivo triglyceride absorption in mice and humans were examined. AP and procyanidin considerably inhibited in vitro pancreatic lipase activity. However, polyphenols, except for procyanidin, in AP (i.e., catechins, chalcones, and phenol carboxylic acids) showed weak inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase. Procyanidins separated by Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization were also examined. Inhibitory effects of procyanidins increased according to the degree of polymerization from dimer to pentamer. On the other hand, pentamer or greater procyanidins showed maximal inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase. These results suggested that with respect to in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition, the degree of polymerization was an important factor and oligomeric procyanidin mainly contributed. Next, we performed a triglyceride tolerance test in mice and humans. Simultaneous ingestion of AP and triglyceride significantly inhibited an increase of plasma triglyceride levels in both models. These results suggested that the oligomeric procyanidins contained in AP inhibited triglyceride absorption by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity in mice and humans.
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oligomeric procyanidins in apple polyphenol are main active components for inhibition of pancreatic lipase and triglyceride absorption
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Hiroshi Sugiyama, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yoko Akazome, Atsuko Yamaguchi, Masaaki Yasue, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Inhibitory effects of apple polyphenol extract (AP) and procyanidin contained in AP on in vitro pancreatic lipase activity and in vivo triglyceride absorption in mice and humans were examined. AP and procyanidin considerably inhibited in vitro pancreatic lipase activity. However, polyphenols, except for procyanidin, in AP (i.e., catechins, chalcones, and phenol carboxylic acids) showed weak inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase. Procyanidins separated by Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization were also examined. Inhibitory effects of procyanidins increased according to the degree of polymerization from dimer to pentamer. On the other hand, pentamer or greater procyanidins showed maximal inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase. These results suggested that with respect to in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition, the degree of polymerization was an important factor and oligomeric procyanidin mainly contributed. Next, we performed a triglyceride tolerance test in mice and hu...
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apple malus pumila procyanidins fractionated according to the degree of polymerization using normal phase Chromatography and characterized by hplc esi ms and maldi tof ms
Journal of Chromatography A, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Abstract Our previously reported method for the fractionation of apple procyanidins was modified successfully to achieve the separation of (epi)catechins and procyanidins (ranging from dimers to octamers) according to the degree of polymerization. Normal-Phase Chromatography was employed, using a hexane–methanol–ethyl acetate mixture as the mobile phase. Each fraction was characterized using high-performance liquid-Chromatography electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS) and matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). This method will be useful for the evaluation of the physiological functions of proanthocyanidins and for the elucidation of their individual structures.
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apple procyanidin oligomers absorption in rats after oral administration analysis of procyanidins in plasma using the porter method and high performance liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Yukihiro GodaAbstract:In this study, we investigated the absorption of apple procyanidins, namely, apple condensed tannins (ACTs), in rats using the Porter method and high-performance liquid Chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The apple procyanidin concentrations in the rat plasma reached a maximum 2 h after administration and decreased thereafter. To investigate the limits of the absorption of apple procyanidins in the polymerization degree, we administered the procyanidin oligomer fraction, which was separated from ACT using Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization. Procyanidins from each dimer to pentamer group were detected in the plasma by the Porter method. Moreover, by the study using reconstituted procyanidins, polymeric procyanidins influenced the absorption of procyanidin oligomers. These results suggest that ACTs are absorbed and directly involved in physiological functions in the rats. Keywords: Absorption; apple procyanidins; HPLC/MS/MS; procyanidin dimers; procyanidin trimers
Tomomasa Kanda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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apple procyanidins induce tumor cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway activation of caspase 3
Carcinogenesis, 2007Co-Authors: Tomisato Miura, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Mitsuru Chiba, Kousuke Kasai, Hiroyuki Nozaka, Toshiya Nakamura, Tatsusuke SatoAbstract:Various epidemiologic and experimental in vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that polyphenols derived from fruits, vegetables and beverages might decrease the risk of developing lifestyle diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Apples are a major dietary source of polyphenols. Here we investigated the antitumor activity of apple polyphenols (APs) and procyanidins, namely condensed tannins, both in vitro and in vivo studies. APs and procyanidins inhibited the growth of transplanted B16 mouse melanoma cells and BALB-MC.E12 mouse mammary tumor cells, and increased the survival rate of the host mice-transplanted B16 cells. Among the APs, the apple procyanidins specifically, rather than other polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin, phloridzin and procyanidin B2, had a major effect on cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro. The apple procyanidins increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and cytochrome c release from mitochondria and activated caspase-3 and caspase-9 within the tumor cells. In addition, we separated eight procyanidin fractions according to the degree of polymerization using Normal-Phase Chromatography, and detected strong anti-tumor activity in the procyanidin pentamer and higher degree fractions. Our results indicate that the oral administration of apple procyanidins inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway.
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oligomeric procyanidins in apple polyphenol are main active components for inhibition of pancreatic lipase and triglyceride absorption
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Hiroshi Sugiyama, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yoko Akazome, Atsuko Yamaguchi, Masaaki Yasue, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Inhibitory effects of apple polyphenol extract (AP) and procyanidin contained in AP on in vitro pancreatic lipase activity and in vivo triglyceride absorption in mice and humans were examined. AP and procyanidin considerably inhibited in vitro pancreatic lipase activity. However, polyphenols, except for procyanidin, in AP (i.e., catechins, chalcones, and phenol carboxylic acids) showed weak inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase. Procyanidins separated by Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization were also examined. Inhibitory effects of procyanidins increased according to the degree of polymerization from dimer to pentamer. On the other hand, pentamer or greater procyanidins showed maximal inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase. These results suggested that with respect to in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition, the degree of polymerization was an important factor and oligomeric procyanidin mainly contributed. Next, we performed a triglyceride tolerance test in mice and humans. Simultaneous ingestion of AP and triglyceride significantly inhibited an increase of plasma triglyceride levels in both models. These results suggested that the oligomeric procyanidins contained in AP inhibited triglyceride absorption by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity in mice and humans.
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oligomeric procyanidins in apple polyphenol are main active components for inhibition of pancreatic lipase and triglyceride absorption
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Hiroshi Sugiyama, Toshihiko Shoji, Tomomasa Kanda, Yoko Akazome, Atsuko Yamaguchi, Masaaki Yasue, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Inhibitory effects of apple polyphenol extract (AP) and procyanidin contained in AP on in vitro pancreatic lipase activity and in vivo triglyceride absorption in mice and humans were examined. AP and procyanidin considerably inhibited in vitro pancreatic lipase activity. However, polyphenols, except for procyanidin, in AP (i.e., catechins, chalcones, and phenol carboxylic acids) showed weak inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase. Procyanidins separated by Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization were also examined. Inhibitory effects of procyanidins increased according to the degree of polymerization from dimer to pentamer. On the other hand, pentamer or greater procyanidins showed maximal inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase. These results suggested that with respect to in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition, the degree of polymerization was an important factor and oligomeric procyanidin mainly contributed. Next, we performed a triglyceride tolerance test in mice and hu...
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apple malus pumila procyanidins fractionated according to the degree of polymerization using normal phase Chromatography and characterized by hplc esi ms and maldi tof ms
Journal of Chromatography A, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki OhtakeAbstract:Abstract Our previously reported method for the fractionation of apple procyanidins was modified successfully to achieve the separation of (epi)catechins and procyanidins (ranging from dimers to octamers) according to the degree of polymerization. Normal-Phase Chromatography was employed, using a hexane–methanol–ethyl acetate mixture as the mobile phase. Each fraction was characterized using high-performance liquid-Chromatography electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS) and matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). This method will be useful for the evaluation of the physiological functions of proanthocyanidins and for the elucidation of their individual structures.
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apple procyanidin oligomers absorption in rats after oral administration analysis of procyanidins in plasma using the porter method and high performance liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Yukihiro GodaAbstract:In this study, we investigated the absorption of apple procyanidins, namely, apple condensed tannins (ACTs), in rats using the Porter method and high-performance liquid Chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The apple procyanidin concentrations in the rat plasma reached a maximum 2 h after administration and decreased thereafter. To investigate the limits of the absorption of apple procyanidins in the polymerization degree, we administered the procyanidin oligomer fraction, which was separated from ACT using Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization. Procyanidins from each dimer to pentamer group were detected in the plasma by the Porter method. Moreover, by the study using reconstituted procyanidins, polymeric procyanidins influenced the absorption of procyanidin oligomers. These results suggest that ACTs are absorbed and directly involved in physiological functions in the rats. Keywords: Absorption; apple procyanidins; HPLC/MS/MS; procyanidin dimers; procyanidin trimers
Yukihiro Goda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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apple procyanidin oligomers absorption in rats after oral administration analysis of procyanidins in plasma using the porter method and high performance liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Yukihiro GodaAbstract:In this study, we investigated the absorption of apple procyanidins, namely, apple condensed tannins (ACTs), in rats using the Porter method and high-performance liquid Chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The apple procyanidin concentrations in the rat plasma reached a maximum 2 h after administration and decreased thereafter. To investigate the limits of the absorption of apple procyanidins in the polymerization degree, we administered the procyanidin oligomer fraction, which was separated from ACT using Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization. Procyanidins from each dimer to pentamer group were detected in the plasma by the Porter method. Moreover, by the study using reconstituted procyanidins, polymeric procyanidins influenced the absorption of procyanidin oligomers. These results suggest that ACTs are absorbed and directly involved in physiological functions in the rats. Keywords: Absorption; apple procyanidins; HPLC/MS/MS; procyanidin dimers; procyanidin trimers
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apple procyanidin oligomers absorption in rats after oral administration analysis of procyanidins in plasma using the porter method and high performance liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Saeko Masumoto, Nina Moriichi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Tomomasa Kanda, Yasuyuki Ohtake, Yukihiro GodaAbstract:In this study, we investigated the absorption of apple procyanidins, namely, apple condensed tannins (ACTs), in rats using the Porter method and high-performance liquid Chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The apple procyanidin concentrations in the rat plasma reached a maximum 2 h after administration and decreased thereafter. To investigate the limits of the absorption of apple procyanidins in the polymerization degree, we administered the procyanidin oligomer fraction, which was separated from ACT using Normal-Phase Chromatography according to the degree of polymerization. Procyanidins from each dimer to pentamer group were detected in the plasma by the Porter method. Moreover, by the study using reconstituted procyanidins, polymeric procyanidins influenced the absorption of procyanidin oligomers. These results suggest that ACTs are absorbed and directly involved in physiological functions in the rats.
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isolation and structural elucidation of some procyanidins from apple by low temperature nuclear magnetic resonance
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003Co-Authors: Toshihiko Shoji, Hiroshi Akiyama, Tomomasa Kanda, Motoh Mutsuga, Takatoshi Nakamura, Yukihiro GodaAbstract:Procyanidin fractions from apple were separated according to the degree of polymerization using normal phase Chromatography. Evaluation of physiological functionalities of procyanidins requires individual structural determination. However, it is difficult to elucidate the structure of procyanidins, in particular those with (+)-epicatechin (1) or (−)-catechin (2) units, and determine whether the interflavanoid bonds are 4β→8 or 4β→6 without cleavage and acetylation. Structural determination used LC-MS and low-temperature NMR. Nine procyanidins were separated by preparative HPLC consisting of three well-known procyanidins [procyanidin B1 (3), procyanidin B2 (4), and procyanidin C1 (5)] and six new procyanidins [epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-catechin (6); epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-catechin (7); epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin (8); epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-catechin (9); epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin (10); and epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin...
