The Experts below are selected from a list of 20859 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Naoko Tanese - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
quantitative analysis of bdnf trkb protein and mrna in cortical and striatal neurons using α tubulin as a Normalization Factor
Cytometry Part A, 2012Co-Authors: Jeffrey N. Savas, Moses V. Chao, Naoko TaneseAbstract:The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB serve important regulatory roles for multiple aspects of the biology of neurons including cell death, survival, growth, differentiation, and plasticity. Regulation of the local availability of BDNF/TrkB at distinct subcellular domains such as soma, dendrites, axons, growth cones, nerve terminals, and spines appears to contribute to their specific functions. In view of the variance in size and shape of neurons and their compartments, previous quantitative studies of the BDNF/TrkB protein and mRNA lacked a robust Normalization procedure. To overcome this problem, we have established methods that use immunofluorescence detection of α-tubulin as a Normalization Factor for the quantitative analysis of protein and mRNA in primary rat cortical and striatal neurons in culture. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by studying the dynamic distribution of proteins and mRNA at different growth stages or conditions. Treatment of cultured neurons with KCl resulted in increased levels of TrkB protein, reduced levels of BDNF mRNA (composite of multiple transcripts) and a slight reduction in BDNF protein levels in the dendrites from the cortex. The KCl treatment also lowered the percentage of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the soma indicative of protein transport. Finally, analysis of the rat cortical and striatal neurons demonstrated comparable or even higher levels of BDNF/TrkB protein and BDNF mRNA in the neurons from the striatum. Thus, in contrast to previous observations made in vivo, striatal neurons are capable of synthesizing BDNF mRNA when cultured in growth media in vitro. The analytical approach presented here provides a detailed understanding of BDNF/TrkB levels in response to a variety of neuronal activities. Our methods could be used broadly, including applications in cell and tissue cytometry, to yield accurate quantitative data of gene expression in cellular and subcellular contexts.
-
Quantitative Analysis of BDNF/TrkB Protein and mRNA in Cortical and Striatal Neurons Using α-Tubulin as a Normalization Factor
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, 2012Co-Authors: Jeffrey N. Savas, Moses V. Chao, Naoko TaneseAbstract:The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB serve important regulatory roles for multiple aspects of the biology of neurons including cell death, survival, growth, differentiation, and plasticity. Regulation of the local availability of BDNF/TrkB at distinct subcellular domains such as soma, dendrites, axons, growth cones, nerve terminals, and spines appears to contribute to their specific functions. In view of the variance in size and shape of neurons and their compartments, previous quantitative studies of the BDNF/TrkB protein and mRNA lacked a robust Normalization procedure. To overcome this problem, we have established methods that use immunofluorescence detection of α-tubulin as a Normalization Factor for the quantitative analysis of protein and mRNA in primary rat cortical and striatal neurons in culture. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by studying the dynamic distribution of proteins and mRNA at different growth stages or conditions. Treatment of cultured neurons with KCl resulted in increased levels of TrkB protein, reduced levels of BDNF mRNA (composite of multiple transcripts) and a slight reduction in BDNF protein levels in the dendrites from the cortex. The KCl treatment also lowered the percentage of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the soma indicative of protein transport. Finally, analysis of the rat cortical and striatal neurons demonstrated comparable or even higher levels of BDNF/TrkB protein and BDNF mRNA in the neurons from the striatum. Thus, in contrast to previous observations made in vivo, striatal neurons are capable of synthesizing BDNF mRNA when cultured in growth media in vitro. The analytical approach presented here provides a detailed understanding of BDNF/TrkB levels in response to a variety of neuronal activities. Our methods could be used broadly, including applications in cell and tissue cytometry, to yield accurate quantitative data of gene expression in cellular and subcellular contexts.
Jeffrey N. Savas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
quantitative analysis of bdnf trkb protein and mrna in cortical and striatal neurons using α tubulin as a Normalization Factor
Cytometry Part A, 2012Co-Authors: Jeffrey N. Savas, Moses V. Chao, Naoko TaneseAbstract:The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB serve important regulatory roles for multiple aspects of the biology of neurons including cell death, survival, growth, differentiation, and plasticity. Regulation of the local availability of BDNF/TrkB at distinct subcellular domains such as soma, dendrites, axons, growth cones, nerve terminals, and spines appears to contribute to their specific functions. In view of the variance in size and shape of neurons and their compartments, previous quantitative studies of the BDNF/TrkB protein and mRNA lacked a robust Normalization procedure. To overcome this problem, we have established methods that use immunofluorescence detection of α-tubulin as a Normalization Factor for the quantitative analysis of protein and mRNA in primary rat cortical and striatal neurons in culture. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by studying the dynamic distribution of proteins and mRNA at different growth stages or conditions. Treatment of cultured neurons with KCl resulted in increased levels of TrkB protein, reduced levels of BDNF mRNA (composite of multiple transcripts) and a slight reduction in BDNF protein levels in the dendrites from the cortex. The KCl treatment also lowered the percentage of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the soma indicative of protein transport. Finally, analysis of the rat cortical and striatal neurons demonstrated comparable or even higher levels of BDNF/TrkB protein and BDNF mRNA in the neurons from the striatum. Thus, in contrast to previous observations made in vivo, striatal neurons are capable of synthesizing BDNF mRNA when cultured in growth media in vitro. The analytical approach presented here provides a detailed understanding of BDNF/TrkB levels in response to a variety of neuronal activities. Our methods could be used broadly, including applications in cell and tissue cytometry, to yield accurate quantitative data of gene expression in cellular and subcellular contexts.
-
Quantitative Analysis of BDNF/TrkB Protein and mRNA in Cortical and Striatal Neurons Using α-Tubulin as a Normalization Factor
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, 2012Co-Authors: Jeffrey N. Savas, Moses V. Chao, Naoko TaneseAbstract:The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB serve important regulatory roles for multiple aspects of the biology of neurons including cell death, survival, growth, differentiation, and plasticity. Regulation of the local availability of BDNF/TrkB at distinct subcellular domains such as soma, dendrites, axons, growth cones, nerve terminals, and spines appears to contribute to their specific functions. In view of the variance in size and shape of neurons and their compartments, previous quantitative studies of the BDNF/TrkB protein and mRNA lacked a robust Normalization procedure. To overcome this problem, we have established methods that use immunofluorescence detection of α-tubulin as a Normalization Factor for the quantitative analysis of protein and mRNA in primary rat cortical and striatal neurons in culture. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by studying the dynamic distribution of proteins and mRNA at different growth stages or conditions. Treatment of cultured neurons with KCl resulted in increased levels of TrkB protein, reduced levels of BDNF mRNA (composite of multiple transcripts) and a slight reduction in BDNF protein levels in the dendrites from the cortex. The KCl treatment also lowered the percentage of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the soma indicative of protein transport. Finally, analysis of the rat cortical and striatal neurons demonstrated comparable or even higher levels of BDNF/TrkB protein and BDNF mRNA in the neurons from the striatum. Thus, in contrast to previous observations made in vivo, striatal neurons are capable of synthesizing BDNF mRNA when cultured in growth media in vitro. The analytical approach presented here provides a detailed understanding of BDNF/TrkB levels in response to a variety of neuronal activities. Our methods could be used broadly, including applications in cell and tissue cytometry, to yield accurate quantitative data of gene expression in cellular and subcellular contexts.
Ulli Wolff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Non-perturbative reNormalization of the axial current with dynamical Wilson fermions
Journal of High Energy Physics, 2005Co-Authors: Michele Della Morte, Roland Hoffmann, Francesco Knechtli, Rainer Sommer, Ulli WolffAbstract:We present a new Normalization condition for the axial current, derived from the PCAC relation with non-vanishing quark mass. This condition is expected to reduce mass effects in the chiral extrapolation of the results for the Normalization Factor ZA. The application to the two-flavor theory with improved Wilson fermions shows that this expectation is indeed fulfilled. Using the Schrodinger functional setup we calculate ZA(g02) as well as the vector current Normalization Factor ZV(g02) for β = 6/g02 ≥ 5.2.
Moses V. Chao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
quantitative analysis of bdnf trkb protein and mrna in cortical and striatal neurons using α tubulin as a Normalization Factor
Cytometry Part A, 2012Co-Authors: Jeffrey N. Savas, Moses V. Chao, Naoko TaneseAbstract:The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB serve important regulatory roles for multiple aspects of the biology of neurons including cell death, survival, growth, differentiation, and plasticity. Regulation of the local availability of BDNF/TrkB at distinct subcellular domains such as soma, dendrites, axons, growth cones, nerve terminals, and spines appears to contribute to their specific functions. In view of the variance in size and shape of neurons and their compartments, previous quantitative studies of the BDNF/TrkB protein and mRNA lacked a robust Normalization procedure. To overcome this problem, we have established methods that use immunofluorescence detection of α-tubulin as a Normalization Factor for the quantitative analysis of protein and mRNA in primary rat cortical and striatal neurons in culture. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by studying the dynamic distribution of proteins and mRNA at different growth stages or conditions. Treatment of cultured neurons with KCl resulted in increased levels of TrkB protein, reduced levels of BDNF mRNA (composite of multiple transcripts) and a slight reduction in BDNF protein levels in the dendrites from the cortex. The KCl treatment also lowered the percentage of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the soma indicative of protein transport. Finally, analysis of the rat cortical and striatal neurons demonstrated comparable or even higher levels of BDNF/TrkB protein and BDNF mRNA in the neurons from the striatum. Thus, in contrast to previous observations made in vivo, striatal neurons are capable of synthesizing BDNF mRNA when cultured in growth media in vitro. The analytical approach presented here provides a detailed understanding of BDNF/TrkB levels in response to a variety of neuronal activities. Our methods could be used broadly, including applications in cell and tissue cytometry, to yield accurate quantitative data of gene expression in cellular and subcellular contexts.
-
Quantitative Analysis of BDNF/TrkB Protein and mRNA in Cortical and Striatal Neurons Using α-Tubulin as a Normalization Factor
Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, 2012Co-Authors: Jeffrey N. Savas, Moses V. Chao, Naoko TaneseAbstract:The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB serve important regulatory roles for multiple aspects of the biology of neurons including cell death, survival, growth, differentiation, and plasticity. Regulation of the local availability of BDNF/TrkB at distinct subcellular domains such as soma, dendrites, axons, growth cones, nerve terminals, and spines appears to contribute to their specific functions. In view of the variance in size and shape of neurons and their compartments, previous quantitative studies of the BDNF/TrkB protein and mRNA lacked a robust Normalization procedure. To overcome this problem, we have established methods that use immunofluorescence detection of α-tubulin as a Normalization Factor for the quantitative analysis of protein and mRNA in primary rat cortical and striatal neurons in culture. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by studying the dynamic distribution of proteins and mRNA at different growth stages or conditions. Treatment of cultured neurons with KCl resulted in increased levels of TrkB protein, reduced levels of BDNF mRNA (composite of multiple transcripts) and a slight reduction in BDNF protein levels in the dendrites from the cortex. The KCl treatment also lowered the percentage of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the soma indicative of protein transport. Finally, analysis of the rat cortical and striatal neurons demonstrated comparable or even higher levels of BDNF/TrkB protein and BDNF mRNA in the neurons from the striatum. Thus, in contrast to previous observations made in vivo, striatal neurons are capable of synthesizing BDNF mRNA when cultured in growth media in vitro. The analytical approach presented here provides a detailed understanding of BDNF/TrkB levels in response to a variety of neuronal activities. Our methods could be used broadly, including applications in cell and tissue cytometry, to yield accurate quantitative data of gene expression in cellular and subcellular contexts.
Juan H. Vera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A completely normalized quasi-chemical theory
Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1998Co-Authors: Juan H. VeraAbstract:Abstract A new Normalization displacement function is introduced in the maximum term of the canonical partition function of the quasi-chemical theory to provide with a transition between the Normalization for total disorder and the Normalization for total order. The new displacement function combines Wang's Normalization Factor for total order with the Normalization Factor introduced by Guggenheim for total disorder, i.e., the partition function of the unperturbed system and the combinatorial term for the number of random contacts of the segments in the mixture. As the new function uses only previously proposed terms, there is very minor new algebra required. The possibility of using different Normalization fundtions is discussed.
-
Statistical thermodynamics of disordered and ordered systems. A properly normalized local order theory
Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1993Co-Authors: W. Wang, Juan H. VeraAbstract:Abstract Guggenheim's configurational partition function has been normalized to give the right limits for total randomness and for total order. The new Normalization Factor, which depends on the surface area effects, contains binary parameters which are considered to be independent of composition but can depend on temperature. Under well defined assumptions, the contributions to the activity coefficients arising from the new Normalization Factor correspond exactly with those given by the LSG equation and they reduce to the forms of UNIQUAC and UNIFAC under the additional assumption of a coordination number equal to two. The complete theory combines these contributions with the quasichemical approach for local order.
