The Experts below are selected from a list of 642 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
William L Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Southern Great Plains ARM site in Oklahoma and over surface features during the NASA SAFARI
2015Co-Authors: Robert Knuteson, Brian Osborne, Henry Revercomb, David Tobin, William L SmithAbstract:This study will presents techniques for the retrieval of infrared land surface temperature and emissivity from high spectral resolution upwelling radiances. Results will be presented from aircraft flights of the Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS) and the NPOESS Atmospheric Sounder Testbed – Interferometer (NAST-I). Case studies will be presented from ER-2 underflights of the Terra satellite at th
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porting and testing NPOESS crimss edr algorithms
Multispectral Hyperspectral and Ultraspectral Remote Sensing Technology Techniques and Applications III, 2010Co-Authors: Xu Liu, Susan Kizer, Allen M Larar, William L Smith, Christopher D Barnet, Murty Divakarla, Guang Guo, Bill Blackwell, Daniel Zhou, Vincent LeslieAbstract:As a part of the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS, formerly the NPOESS afternoon orbit), the instruments Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) make up the Cross-track Infrared and Microwave Sounder Suite (CrIMSS). CrIMSS will primarily provide global temperature, moisture, and pressure profiles and calibrated radiances [1]. In preparation for the NPP launch in 2011, we have ported and tested the operational CrIMSS Environmental Data Record (EDR) algorithms using both synthetic and proxy data generated from the IASI, AMSU, MHS data from Metop-A satellite.
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porting and testing NPOESS crimss edr algorithms
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2010Co-Authors: Susan Kizer, Xu Liu, Allen M Larar, William L Smith, D K Zhou, Christopher D Barnet, Murty Divakarla, Guang Guo, Bill Blackwell, Vincent LeslieAbstract:As a part of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) and the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP), the instruments Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) make up the Cross-track Infrared and Microwave Sounder Suite (CrIMSS). CrIMSS will primarily provide global temperature, moisture, and pressure profiles and calibrated radiances [1]. In preparation for the NPOESS/NPP launch, porting and testing of the CrIMSS Environmental Data Record (EDR) algorithms need to be performed.
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radiometric and spectral validation of atmospheric infrared sounder observations with the aircraft based scanning high resolution interferometer sounder
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2006Co-Authors: David C. Tobin, William L Smith, Robert O. Knuteson, Henry E. Revercomb, Fred A. Best, R. G. Dedecker, Nick N Ciganovich, Steven Dutcher, Scott D. EllingtonAbstract:[1] The ability to accurately validate high–spectral resolution infrared radiance measurements from space using comparisons with a high-altitude aircraft spectrometer has been successfully demonstrated. The demonstration is based on a 21 November 2002 underflight of the AIRS on the NASA Aqua spacecraft by the Scanning-HIS on the NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft. A comparison technique which accounts for the different viewing geometries and spectral characteristics of the two sensors is introduced, and accurate comparisons are made for AIRS channels throughout the infrared spectrum. Resulting brightness temperature differences are found to be 0.2 K or less for most channels. Both the AIRS and the Scanning-HIS calibrations are expected to be very accurate (formal 3-sigma estimates are better than 1 K absolute brightness temperature for a wide range of scene temperatures), because high spectral resolution offers inherent advantages for absolute calibration and because they make use of high-emissivity cavity blackbodies as onboard radiometric references. AIRS also has the added advantage of a cold space view, and the Scanning-HIS calibration has recently benefited from the availability of a zenith view from high-altitude flights. Aircraft comparisons of this type provide a mechanism for periodically testing the absolute calibration of spacecraft instruments with instrumentation for which the calibration can be carefully maintained on the ground. This capability is especially valuable for assuring the long-term consistency and accuracy of climate observations, including those from the NASA EOS spacecraft (Terra, Aqua and Aura) and the new complement of NPOESS operational instruments. The validation role for accurately calibrated aircraft spectrometers also includes application to broadband instruments and linking the calibrations of similar instruments on different spacecraft. It is expected that aircraft flights of the Scanning-HIS and its close cousin the NPOESS Airborne Sounder Test Bed (NAST) will be used to check the long-term stability of AIRS and the NPOESS operational follow-on sounder, the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), over the life of the missions.
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Highly accurate FTIR observations from the Scanning HIS aircraft instrument
Multispectral and Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Instruments and Applications II, 2005Co-Authors: Henry E. Revercomb, William L Smith, Robert O. Knuteson, David C. Tobin, Fred A. Best, Paul Van Delst, Daniel D. Laporte, Scott D. Ellington, Mark W. Werner, R. G. DedeckerAbstract:Development in the mid 80s of the High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS) instrument for the high altitude NASA ER2 aircraft demonstrated the capability for advanced atmospheric temperature and water vapor sounding and set the stage for new satellite instruments that are now becoming a reality [AIRS(2002), CrIS(2006), IASI(2006), GIFTS(200?), HES(2013)]. Follow-on developments at the University of Wisconsin that employ Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) for Earth observations include the ground-based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) and the new Scanning HIS aircraft instrument. The Scanning HIS is a smaller version of the original HIS that uses cross-track scanning to enhance spatial coverage. Scanning HIS and its close cousin, the NPOESS Airborne Sounder Testbed (NAST), are being used for satellite instrument validation and for atmospheric research. A novel detector configuration on Scanning HIS allows the incorporation of a single focal plane and cooler with three or four spectral bands that view the same spot on the ground. The calibration accuracy of the S-HIS and results from recent field campaigns are presented, including validation comparisons with the NASA EOS infrared observations (AIRS and MODIS). Aircraft comparisons of this type provide a mechanism for periodically testing the absolute calibration of spacecraft instruments with instrumentation for which the calibration can be carefully maintained on the ground. This capability is especially valuable for assuring the long-term consistency and accuracy of climate observations, including those from the NASA EOS spacecrafts (Terra, Aqua and Aura) and the new complement of NPOESS operational instruments. It is expected that aircraft flights of the S-HIS and the NAST will be used to check the long-term stability of AIRS and the NPOESS operational follow-on sounder, the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), over the life of the mission.
Andrew S Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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NPOESS next generation operational global earth observations
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2010Co-Authors: Thomas F Lee, Craig S Nelson, Patrick Dills, Lars Peter Riishojgaard, Andrew S Jones, Steven D Miller, L E Flynn, Gary J Jedlovec, William Mccarty, Carl HoffmanAbstract:Abstract The United States is merging its two polar-orbiting operational environmental satellite programs operated by the Department of Commerce and the Department of Defense into a single system, which is called the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). During the next decade, NPOESS will provide global operational data to meet many of the needs of weather forecasters, climate researchers, and global decision makers for remotely sensed Earth science data and global environmental monitoring. The NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) will be launched in 2011 as a precursor to NPOESS to reduce final development risks for NPOESS and to provide continuity of global imaging and atmospheric sounding data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System (EOS) missions. Beginning in 2014, NPOESS spacecraft will be launched into an afternoon orbit and in 2016 into an early-morning orbit to provide significantly improved operational capabilities ...
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NPOESS soil moisture satellite data assimilation progress using windsat data
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2007Co-Authors: Andrew S Jones, Cynthia L Combs, Tarendra Lakhankar, Scott P Longmore, T Vonder H Haar, Gary Mcwilliams, M Mungiole, G MasonAbstract:In this work, we have developed a four-dimensional coupled atmospheric/land data assimilation framework using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling Data Assimilation System (RAMDAS) to retrieve deep soil moisture profiles. Passive microwave data from CORIOLIS WindSat are used as a surrogate for future National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) microwave sensors. Current efforts are focused on the use of the system for a case study occurring in September 2003.
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NPOESS soil moisture satellite data assimilation and rfi mitigation use of windsat data and a discrete backus gilbert technique
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2006Co-Authors: Andrew S Jones, Cynthia L Combs, Scott P Longmore, Gary Mcwilliams, M Mungiole, G Mason, D Rapp, Tomislava Vukicevic, Thomas Vonder H Haar, N S ChauhanAbstract:This work develops (1) a four-dimensional data assimilation methodology to retrieve deep soil moisture profiles using the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) and other associated data, (2) a methodology for better spatial mapping of the masking effects caused by surface features (i.e., vegetative cover and surface roughness), and (3) a discrete Backus-Gilbert (DBG)-based methodology for reducing the radio frequency interference impacts at 6.7 and 10 GHz.
Craig S Nelson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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NPOESS next generation operational global earth observations
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2010Co-Authors: Thomas F Lee, Craig S Nelson, Patrick Dills, Lars Peter Riishojgaard, Andrew S Jones, Steven D Miller, L E Flynn, Gary J Jedlovec, William Mccarty, Carl HoffmanAbstract:Abstract The United States is merging its two polar-orbiting operational environmental satellite programs operated by the Department of Commerce and the Department of Defense into a single system, which is called the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). During the next decade, NPOESS will provide global operational data to meet many of the needs of weather forecasters, climate researchers, and global decision makers for remotely sensed Earth science data and global environmental monitoring. The NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) will be launched in 2011 as a precursor to NPOESS to reduce final development risks for NPOESS and to provide continuity of global imaging and atmospheric sounding data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System (EOS) missions. Beginning in 2014, NPOESS spacecraft will be launched into an afternoon orbit and in 2016 into an early-morning orbit to provide significantly improved operational capabilities ...
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the national polar orbiting operational environmental satellite system NPOESS improved capabilities for weather forecasting and environmental monitoring
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2008Co-Authors: D Stockton, J.m. Haas, Carl Hoffman, Craig S NelsonAbstract:In the next decade, weather forecasters, climate researchers, and decision-makers will rely on the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) to meet many of their needs for remotely-sensed, Earth science data and information. NPOESS spacecraft will be launched into two orbital planes beginning in 2013 to provide significantly improved operational capabilities and benefits to satisfy critical civil and national security requirements for space-based, remotely sensed environmental data.
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earth remote sensing with NPOESS instruments and environmental data products
Remote Sensing, 2004Co-Authors: David L Glackin, John D Cunningham, Craig S NelsonAbstract:The NPOESS (National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System) program represents the merger of the NOAA POES (Polar-orbiting Environmental Satellite) program and the DoD DMSP (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program) satellites. Established by presidential directive in 1994, a tri-agency Integrated Program Office (IPO) in Silver Spring, Maryland, has been managing NPOESS development, and is staffed by representatives of NOAA, DoD, and NASA. NPOESS is being designed to provide 55 atmospheric, oceanographic, terrestrial, and solar-geophysical data products, and will disseminate them to civilian and military users worldwide. The first NPOESS satellite is scheduled to be launched late in this decade, with the other two satellites of the three-satellite constellation due to be launched over the ensuing four years. NPOESS will remain operational for at least ten years. The 55 Environmental Data Records (EDRs) will be provided by a number of instruments, many of which will be briefly described in this paper. The instruments will be hosted in various combinations on three NPOESS platforms in three distinct polar sun-synchronous orbits. The instrument complement represents the combined requirements of the weather, climate, and environmental remote sensing communities. The three critical instruments are VIIRS (Visible/Infrared Imager-Radiometer Suite), CMIS (Conical Microwave Imager/Sounder), and CrIS (Cross-track Infrared Sounder). The other IPO-developed instruments are OMPS (Ozone Mapper/Profiler Suite), GPSOS (Global Positioning System Occultation Sensor), the APS (Aerosol Polarimeter Sensor), and the SESS (Space Environment Sensor Suite). NPOESS will also carry various "leveraged" instruments, i.e., ones that do not require development by the IPO. These include the ATMS (Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder), the TSIS (Total Solar Irradiance Sensor), the ERBS (Earth Radiation Budget Sensor), and the ALT (Radar Altimeter).
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the national polar orbiting operational environmental satellite system future us operational earth observation system
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2003Co-Authors: J D Cunningham, F L Ricker, Craig S NelsonAbstract:Over the last nine years the Integrated Program Office has been developing the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). NPOESS spacecraft will be launched into three orbital planes beginning later this decade to provide significantly improved operational capabilities and benefits to satisfy the critical civil and national security requirements for space-based, remotely sensed environmental data.
Steven D Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Improving the Usability of Nighttime Imagery from Low Light Sensors
2014Co-Authors: Thomas F Lee, Steven D Miller, Joseph F Turk, Jeffrey D Hawkins, Cristian Mitrescu, Mike HaasAbstract:This article presents the nighttime visible sensor on the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument to be flown aboard the upcoming NPOESS and NPP polar-orbiting satellites. First, we will introduce the sensor and explain how it improves on a similar sensor, the Operational Linescan System (OLS) flown on the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) series. A brief summary of the new instrument will be given, followed by a few example products from the OLS. The paper will close with a discussion of how the crossing time of the satellite affects the number of scenes that will have lunar illumination. 2
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NPOESS next generation operational global earth observations
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2010Co-Authors: Thomas F Lee, Craig S Nelson, Patrick Dills, Lars Peter Riishojgaard, Andrew S Jones, Steven D Miller, L E Flynn, Gary J Jedlovec, William Mccarty, Carl HoffmanAbstract:Abstract The United States is merging its two polar-orbiting operational environmental satellite programs operated by the Department of Commerce and the Department of Defense into a single system, which is called the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). During the next decade, NPOESS will provide global operational data to meet many of the needs of weather forecasters, climate researchers, and global decision makers for remotely sensed Earth science data and global environmental monitoring. The NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) will be launched in 2011 as a precursor to NPOESS to reduce final development risks for NPOESS and to provide continuity of global imaging and atmospheric sounding data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System (EOS) missions. Beginning in 2014, NPOESS spacecraft will be launched into an afternoon orbit and in 2016 into an early-morning orbit to provide significantly improved operational capabilities ...
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nasa modis previews NPOESS viirs capabilities
Weather and Forecasting, 2006Co-Authors: Thomas F Lee, Carl F. Schueler, Steven D Miller, Shawn W. MillerAbstract:Abstract The Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), scheduled to fly on the satellites of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System, will combine the missions of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), which flies on current National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellites, and the Operational Linescan System aboard the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites. VIIRS will offer a number of improvements to weather forecasters. First, because of a sophisticated downlink and relay system, VIIRS latencies will be 30 min or less around the globe, improving the timeliness and therefore the operational usefulness of the images. Second, with 22 channels, VIIRS will offer many more products than its predecessors. As an example, a true-color simulation is shown using data from the Earth Observing System’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), an application current geostationary imagers cannot produce because of a missing “g...
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nexsat previewing NPOESS viirs imagery capabilities
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2006Co-Authors: Steven D Miller, Thomas F Lee, Joseph F Turk, Jeffrey D Hawkins, Kim Richardson, John Kent, Arunas P Kuciauskas, Robert H Wade, Carl HoffmanAbstract:Under the auspices of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System's (NPOESS) Integrated Program Office (IPO), the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has developed “NexSat” (www.nrlmry.navy.mil/nexsat_pages/nexsat_home.html)—a public-access online demonstration over the continental United States (CONUS) of near-real-time environmental products highlighting future applications from the Visible/Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Based on a collection of operational and research-grade satellite observing systems, NexSat products include the detection, enhancement, and where applicable, physical retrieval of deep convection, low clouds, light sources at night, rainfall, snow cover, aircraft contrails, thin cirrus layers, dust storms, and cloud/aerosol properties, all presented in the context of value-added imagery. The purpose of NexSat is threefold: 1) to communicate the advanced capabilities anticipated from VIIRS, 2) to present this information in near–real time for use by for...
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the NPOESS viirs day night visible sensor
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2006Co-Authors: Thomas E Lee, Carl F. Schueler, Patrick Dills, Steven D Miller, Joseph F Turk, Richard Julian, Steve Deyo, Sherwood WangAbstract:The National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) will feature the Visible-Infrared Imager-Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), a 22-channel imager that will contribute to nearly half of the NPOESS environmental data records. Included on VIIRS will be the Day/Night band (DNB), a visible channel designed to image the Earth and its atmosphere in all conditions ranging from bright solar illumination, to nocturnal lunar illumination, and negligible external illumination. Drawing heritage from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS) instruments orbiting since the late 1960s, the DNB will be used to detect clouds at night, understand patterns of urban development based on the emissions of cities, monitor fires, and image scenes of snow and ice at the surface of the Earth. Thanks to significant engineering improvements, the DNB will produce superior capabilities to the OLS for a number of new applications.
Carl Hoffman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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NPOESS next generation operational global earth observations
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2010Co-Authors: Thomas F Lee, Craig S Nelson, Patrick Dills, Lars Peter Riishojgaard, Andrew S Jones, Steven D Miller, L E Flynn, Gary J Jedlovec, William Mccarty, Carl HoffmanAbstract:Abstract The United States is merging its two polar-orbiting operational environmental satellite programs operated by the Department of Commerce and the Department of Defense into a single system, which is called the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). During the next decade, NPOESS will provide global operational data to meet many of the needs of weather forecasters, climate researchers, and global decision makers for remotely sensed Earth science data and global environmental monitoring. The NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) will be launched in 2011 as a precursor to NPOESS to reduce final development risks for NPOESS and to provide continuity of global imaging and atmospheric sounding data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System (EOS) missions. Beginning in 2014, NPOESS spacecraft will be launched into an afternoon orbit and in 2016 into an early-morning orbit to provide significantly improved operational capabilities ...
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the national polar orbiting operational environmental satellite system NPOESS improved capabilities for weather forecasting and environmental monitoring
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2008Co-Authors: D Stockton, J.m. Haas, Carl Hoffman, Craig S NelsonAbstract:In the next decade, weather forecasters, climate researchers, and decision-makers will rely on the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) to meet many of their needs for remotely-sensed, Earth science data and information. NPOESS spacecraft will be launched into two orbital planes beginning in 2013 to provide significantly improved operational capabilities and benefits to satisfy critical civil and national security requirements for space-based, remotely sensed environmental data.
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nexsat previewing NPOESS viirs imagery capabilities
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2006Co-Authors: Steven D Miller, Thomas F Lee, Joseph F Turk, Jeffrey D Hawkins, Kim Richardson, John Kent, Arunas P Kuciauskas, Robert H Wade, Carl HoffmanAbstract:Under the auspices of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System's (NPOESS) Integrated Program Office (IPO), the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has developed “NexSat” (www.nrlmry.navy.mil/nexsat_pages/nexsat_home.html)—a public-access online demonstration over the continental United States (CONUS) of near-real-time environmental products highlighting future applications from the Visible/Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Based on a collection of operational and research-grade satellite observing systems, NexSat products include the detection, enhancement, and where applicable, physical retrieval of deep convection, low clouds, light sources at night, rainfall, snow cover, aircraft contrails, thin cirrus layers, dust storms, and cloud/aerosol properties, all presented in the context of value-added imagery. The purpose of NexSat is threefold: 1) to communicate the advanced capabilities anticipated from VIIRS, 2) to present this information in near–real time for use by for...
