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Jennifer A Rusiecki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neurological symptoms associated with Oil Spill response exposures results from the deepwater horizon Oil Spill coast guard cohort study
Environment International, 2019Co-Authors: Jayasree Krishnamurthy, Lawrence S Engel, Li Wang, Erica G Schwartz, Kate Christenbury, Benjamin Kondrup, John Barrett, Jennifer A RusieckiAbstract:Abstract Introduction The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) Oil Spill was the largest marine Oil Spill in U.S. history, involving the response of tens of thousands clean-up workers. Over 8500 United States Coast Guard personnel were deployed in response to the Spill. Little is understood about the acute neurological effects of Oil Spill clean-up-related exposures. Given the large number of people involved in large Oil Spill clean-ups, study of these effects is warranted. Methods We utilized exposure, health, and lifestyle data from a post-deployment survey administered to Coast Guard responders to the DWH Oil Spill. Crude Oil exposure was assessed via self-reported inhalation and skin contact metrics, categorized by frequency of self-reported exposure to crude Oil during deployment (never, rarely, sometimes, most/all of the time). Combined exposure to crude Oil and Oil dispersant was also evaluated. Adjusted log binomial regressions were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), investigating the associations between Oil Spill exposures and neurological symptoms during deployment. Stratified analyses investigated potential effect modification by sex, exhaust fume exposure, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, and deployment duration and timing. Results Increasing frequency of crude Oil exposure via inhalation was associated with increased likelihood of headaches (PRmost/all vs. never = 1.80), lightheadedness (PRmost/all vs. never = 3.36), difficulty concentrating (PRmost/all vs. never = 1.72), numbness/tingling sensation (PRmost/all vs. never = 3.32), blurred vision (PRmost/all vs. never = 2.87), and memory loss/confusion (PRmost/all vs. never = 2.03), with significant tests for trend. Similar results were found for crude Oil exposure via skin contact. Exposure to both Oil and Oil dispersants yielded associations that were appreciably greater in magnitude than for Oil alone for all neurological symptoms. Sensitivity analyses excluding responders in the highest environmental heat categories and responders with relevant pre-existing conditions indicated robustness of these results. Stratified analyses indicated possible effect modification by sex, PPE use, and heat exposure. Conclusions This study provides evidence of a cross sectional association between crude Oil exposures and acute neurological symptoms in a sample of U.S. Coast Guard responders. Additionally, it suggests that exposure to both crude Oil and Oil dispersant may result in stronger associations and that heat may interact synergistically with Oil exposures resulting in more acute neurological symptoms. Future investigations are needed to confirm these findings.
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the deepwater horizon Oil Spill coast guard cohort study
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Jennifer A Rusiecki, Li Wang, Erica G Schwartz, Kate Christenbury, John Barrett, Melannie Alexander, Laura Weems, David Johndrow, Renee Funk, Lawrence S EngelAbstract:Objectives Long-term studies of Oil Spill responders are urgently needed as Oil Spills continue to occur. To this end, we established the prospective Deepwater Horizon (DWH) Oil Spill Coast Guard Cohort study. Methods DWH Oil Spill responders (n=8696) and non-responders (n=44 823) who were members of the US Coast Guard (20 April–17 December 2010) were included. This cohort uses both prospective, objective health data from military medical encounters and cross-sectional survey data. Here, we describe the cohort, present adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) estimating cross-sectional associations between crude Oil exposure (none, low/medium, high) and acute physical symptoms, and present adjusted relative risks (RRs) based on longitudinal medical encounter data (2010–2012) for responders/non-responders and responders exposed/not exposed to crude Oil. Results Responders and non-responders in this large cohort (n=53 519) have similar characteristics. Crude Oil exposure was reported by >50% of responders. We found statistically significant associations for crude Oil exposure with coughing (PR high =1.78), shortness of breath (PR high =2.30), wheezing (PR high =2.32), headaches (PR high =1.46), light-headedness/dizziness (PR high =1.96), skin rash/itching (PR high =1.87), diarrhoea (PR high =1.76), stomach pain (PR high =1.67), nausea/vomiting (PR high =1.48) and painful/burning urination (PR high =2.89) during deployment. Longitudinal analyses revealed that responders had elevated RRs for dermal conditions (RR=1.09), as did Oil-exposed responders for chronic respiratory conditions (RR=1.32), asthma (RR=1.83) and dermal conditions (RR=1.21). Conclusions We found positive associations between crude Oil exposure and various acute physical symptoms among responders, as well as longer term health effects. This cohort is well positioned to evaluate both short-term and long-term effects of Oil Spill exposures using both self-reported and clinical health data.
Lawrence S Engel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neurological symptoms associated with Oil Spill response exposures results from the deepwater horizon Oil Spill coast guard cohort study
Environment International, 2019Co-Authors: Jayasree Krishnamurthy, Lawrence S Engel, Li Wang, Erica G Schwartz, Kate Christenbury, Benjamin Kondrup, John Barrett, Jennifer A RusieckiAbstract:Abstract Introduction The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) Oil Spill was the largest marine Oil Spill in U.S. history, involving the response of tens of thousands clean-up workers. Over 8500 United States Coast Guard personnel were deployed in response to the Spill. Little is understood about the acute neurological effects of Oil Spill clean-up-related exposures. Given the large number of people involved in large Oil Spill clean-ups, study of these effects is warranted. Methods We utilized exposure, health, and lifestyle data from a post-deployment survey administered to Coast Guard responders to the DWH Oil Spill. Crude Oil exposure was assessed via self-reported inhalation and skin contact metrics, categorized by frequency of self-reported exposure to crude Oil during deployment (never, rarely, sometimes, most/all of the time). Combined exposure to crude Oil and Oil dispersant was also evaluated. Adjusted log binomial regressions were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), investigating the associations between Oil Spill exposures and neurological symptoms during deployment. Stratified analyses investigated potential effect modification by sex, exhaust fume exposure, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, and deployment duration and timing. Results Increasing frequency of crude Oil exposure via inhalation was associated with increased likelihood of headaches (PRmost/all vs. never = 1.80), lightheadedness (PRmost/all vs. never = 3.36), difficulty concentrating (PRmost/all vs. never = 1.72), numbness/tingling sensation (PRmost/all vs. never = 3.32), blurred vision (PRmost/all vs. never = 2.87), and memory loss/confusion (PRmost/all vs. never = 2.03), with significant tests for trend. Similar results were found for crude Oil exposure via skin contact. Exposure to both Oil and Oil dispersants yielded associations that were appreciably greater in magnitude than for Oil alone for all neurological symptoms. Sensitivity analyses excluding responders in the highest environmental heat categories and responders with relevant pre-existing conditions indicated robustness of these results. Stratified analyses indicated possible effect modification by sex, PPE use, and heat exposure. Conclusions This study provides evidence of a cross sectional association between crude Oil exposures and acute neurological symptoms in a sample of U.S. Coast Guard responders. Additionally, it suggests that exposure to both crude Oil and Oil dispersant may result in stronger associations and that heat may interact synergistically with Oil exposures resulting in more acute neurological symptoms. Future investigations are needed to confirm these findings.
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deepwater horizon Oil Spill exposures and nonfatal myocardial infarction in the gulf study
Environmental Health, 2018Co-Authors: Jean Strelitz, Lawrence S Engel, Richard K Kwok, Aubrey Miller, Aaron Blair, Dale P SandlerAbstract:Workers involved in the response and clean-up of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill faced possible exposures to crude Oil, burning Oil, dispersants and other pollutants in addition to physical and emotional stress. These exposures may have increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) among Oil Spill workers. Gulf Long-term Follow-up (GuLF) STUDY participants comprise individuals who either participated in the Deepwater Horizon response efforts or registered for safety training but were not hired. Oil Spill-related exposures were assessed during enrollment interviews conducted in 2011–2013. We estimated risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals for the associations of clean-up work characteristics with self-reported nonfatal MI up to three years post-Spill. Among 31,109 participants without history of MI prior to the Spill, 77% worked on the Oil Spill. There were 192 self-reported MI during the study period; 151 among workers. Among the full cohort, working on the Oil Spill clean-up (vs not working on the clean-up) and living in proximity to the Oil Spill (vs further away) were suggestively associated with a possible increased risk of nonfatal MI [RR: 1.22 (0.86, 1.73) and 1.15 (0.82, 1.60), respectively]. Among Oil Spill workers, working for > 180 days was associated with MI [RR for > 180 days (vs 1–30 days): 2.05 (1.05, 4.01)], as was stopping working due to heat [RR: 1.99 (1.43, 2.78)]. There were suggestive associations of maximum total hydrocarbon exposure ≥3.00 ppm (vs 180 days and stopping work due to heat increased risk of nonfatal MI. Future research should evaluate whether the observed associations are related to specific chemical exposures or other stressors associated with the Spill.
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the deepwater horizon Oil Spill coast guard cohort study
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Jennifer A Rusiecki, Li Wang, Erica G Schwartz, Kate Christenbury, John Barrett, Melannie Alexander, Laura Weems, David Johndrow, Renee Funk, Lawrence S EngelAbstract:Objectives Long-term studies of Oil Spill responders are urgently needed as Oil Spills continue to occur. To this end, we established the prospective Deepwater Horizon (DWH) Oil Spill Coast Guard Cohort study. Methods DWH Oil Spill responders (n=8696) and non-responders (n=44 823) who were members of the US Coast Guard (20 April–17 December 2010) were included. This cohort uses both prospective, objective health data from military medical encounters and cross-sectional survey data. Here, we describe the cohort, present adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) estimating cross-sectional associations between crude Oil exposure (none, low/medium, high) and acute physical symptoms, and present adjusted relative risks (RRs) based on longitudinal medical encounter data (2010–2012) for responders/non-responders and responders exposed/not exposed to crude Oil. Results Responders and non-responders in this large cohort (n=53 519) have similar characteristics. Crude Oil exposure was reported by >50% of responders. We found statistically significant associations for crude Oil exposure with coughing (PR high =1.78), shortness of breath (PR high =2.30), wheezing (PR high =2.32), headaches (PR high =1.46), light-headedness/dizziness (PR high =1.96), skin rash/itching (PR high =1.87), diarrhoea (PR high =1.76), stomach pain (PR high =1.67), nausea/vomiting (PR high =1.48) and painful/burning urination (PR high =2.89) during deployment. Longitudinal analyses revealed that responders had elevated RRs for dermal conditions (RR=1.09), as did Oil-exposed responders for chronic respiratory conditions (RR=1.32), asthma (RR=1.83) and dermal conditions (RR=1.21). Conclusions We found positive associations between crude Oil exposure and various acute physical symptoms among responders, as well as longer term health effects. This cohort is well positioned to evaluate both short-term and long-term effects of Oil Spill exposures using both self-reported and clinical health data.
Ram B Gupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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surfactant loaded halloysite clay nanotube dispersants for crude Oil Spill remediation
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2015Co-Authors: Emmanuel Nyankson, Owoseni Olasehinde, Vijay T John, Ram B GuptaAbstract:The toxicity of Oil Spill dispersants could be greatly reduced by using environmentally benign materials as surfactant-carrier. In this work, we report halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) loaded with different surfactants for crude Oil Spill remediation. The effectiveness of HNT loaded with the surfactants Tween 80, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS, D), Span 80 (S) and modified soybean lecithin phosphatidylinositol (Lecithin FPI, LFPI) in crude Oil Spill remediation was examined with the U.S. EPA’s baffled flask test. The release kinetics of the surfactants from the HNT were studied. Ternary diagrams (Span 80–DOSS–Tween 80, Lecithin FPI–DOSS–Tween 80 and Lecithin FPI–Tween 80–Span 80) for the dispersion effectiveness of the surfactant-loaded HNT were then generated. 99 vol % dispersion effectiveness was attained by HNT loaded with ternary food grade surfactants Span 80, Tween 80 and Lecithin FPI. An environmentally friendly Oil Spill dispersant was therefore formulated using naturally occurring HNT and FD...
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Surfactant-Loaded Halloysite Clay Nanotube Dispersants for Crude Oil Spill Remediation
2015Co-Authors: Emmanuel Nyankson, Owoseni Olasehinde, Vijay T. John, Ram B GuptaAbstract:The toxicity of Oil Spill dispersants could be greatly reduced by using environmentally benign materials as surfactant-carrier. In this work, we report halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) loaded with different surfactants for crude Oil Spill remediation. The effectiveness of HNT loaded with the surfactants Tween 80, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS, D), Span 80 (S) and modified soybean lecithin phosphatidylinositol (Lecithin FPI, LFPI) in crude Oil Spill remediation was examined with the U.S. EPA’s baffled flask test. The release kinetics of the surfactants from the HNT were studied. Ternary diagrams (Span 80–DOSS–Tween 80, Lecithin FPI–DOSS–Tween 80 and Lecithin FPI–Tween 80–Span 80) for the dispersion effectiveness of the surfactant-loaded HNT were then generated. 99 vol % dispersion effectiveness was attained by HNT loaded with ternary food grade surfactants Span 80, Tween 80 and Lecithin FPI. An environmentally friendly Oil Spill dispersant was therefore formulated using naturally occurring HNT and FDA approved food grade surfactants
Anne Schistad H Solberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Oil Spill detection in hybrid polarimetric sar images
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2014Co-Authors: Arntborre Salberg, Oystein Rudjord, Anne Schistad H SolbergAbstract:Oil Spill detection in SAR images operating in a hybrid-polarimetric mode is examined. We propose and review several strategies for Oil Spill detection in hybrid-polarimetric SAR data. The retrieved measures are successfully applied to SAR data covering Oil Spill experiments outside Norway and the Deepwater Horizon incident in the Gulf of Mexico. It is shown that, under the assumption of a two-scale Bragg scattering model, a coherence measure may be recovered equally well from hybrid-polarimetric data, as for full-polarimetric data, and that this measure may be retrieved directly from the measurements without the need for any additional assumptions. The results show that low-wind lookalikes may be suppressed at the same time as the contrast of the Oil Spills is maintained using hybrid-polarimetric data and that multifeature images may be constructed to further enhance the Oil Spill detection performance. Due to the potential of wide swath widths, we conclude that hybrid-polarity is an attractive mode for future SAR-based Oil Spill monitoring.
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remote sensing of ocean Oil Spill pollution
Proceedings of the IEEE, 2012Co-Authors: Anne Schistad H SolbergAbstract:Oil Spills on the sea surface are observed relatively often. Pollution due to either accidents or deliberate Oily discharges from ships represents a serious threat to the marine environment. Operational Oil Spill monitoring is currently done using a combination of satellite monitoring and aircraft surveillance. The combined use of satellite-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and aircraft surveillance flights is a cost-effective way to monitor Oil Spills in large ocean areas and catch the polluters. SAR images enable covering large areas, but aircraft observations are needed to prosecute the polluter, and in certain cases to verity the Oil Spill. Traditionally, Oil Spill detection is based on single polarization SAR images. Oil Spills can be discriminated from look-alikes based on a set of features describing the contrast, shape, homogeneity, source, and surroundings of the slick. Good performance is reported for single-polarization Oil Spill detection, but in certain cases the Oil slicks cannot be discriminated from biogenic films. In the recent years, a number of studies have shown that polarimetric SAR can improve the discrimination between Oil slicks and biogenic films. Several features computed from dual-pol or quad-pol images have been proposed. These include both quad-pol features like polarimetric entropy and anisotropy, mean scattering angle, polarimetric span, conformity coefficient, as well as the dual-pol features standard deviation of the copolarized phase difference and the copolarized correlation coefficient. As dual-pol SAR imagery is now available on a regular basis from Cosmo Skymed and TerraSAR-X, and quad-pol data are available from RADARSAT-2, polarimetric SAR can now be utilized on a more regular basis. Optical data from sensors like Aqua MODIS and ENVISAT MERIS can be a useful supplement under certain cloud-free conditions.
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Oil Spill detection by satellite remote sensing
Remote Sensing of Environment, 2005Co-Authors: Camilla Brekke, Anne Schistad H SolbergAbstract:This paper presents the state of the art for Oil Spill detection in the world oceans. We discuss different satellite sensors and Oil Spill detectability under varying conditions. In particular, we concentrate on the use of manual and automatic approaches to discriminate between Oil slicks and look-alikes based on pattern recognition. We conclude with a discussion of suggestions for further research with respect to Oil Spill detection systems.
Kate Christenbury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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neurological symptoms associated with Oil Spill response exposures results from the deepwater horizon Oil Spill coast guard cohort study
Environment International, 2019Co-Authors: Jayasree Krishnamurthy, Lawrence S Engel, Li Wang, Erica G Schwartz, Kate Christenbury, Benjamin Kondrup, John Barrett, Jennifer A RusieckiAbstract:Abstract Introduction The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) Oil Spill was the largest marine Oil Spill in U.S. history, involving the response of tens of thousands clean-up workers. Over 8500 United States Coast Guard personnel were deployed in response to the Spill. Little is understood about the acute neurological effects of Oil Spill clean-up-related exposures. Given the large number of people involved in large Oil Spill clean-ups, study of these effects is warranted. Methods We utilized exposure, health, and lifestyle data from a post-deployment survey administered to Coast Guard responders to the DWH Oil Spill. Crude Oil exposure was assessed via self-reported inhalation and skin contact metrics, categorized by frequency of self-reported exposure to crude Oil during deployment (never, rarely, sometimes, most/all of the time). Combined exposure to crude Oil and Oil dispersant was also evaluated. Adjusted log binomial regressions were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), investigating the associations between Oil Spill exposures and neurological symptoms during deployment. Stratified analyses investigated potential effect modification by sex, exhaust fume exposure, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, and deployment duration and timing. Results Increasing frequency of crude Oil exposure via inhalation was associated with increased likelihood of headaches (PRmost/all vs. never = 1.80), lightheadedness (PRmost/all vs. never = 3.36), difficulty concentrating (PRmost/all vs. never = 1.72), numbness/tingling sensation (PRmost/all vs. never = 3.32), blurred vision (PRmost/all vs. never = 2.87), and memory loss/confusion (PRmost/all vs. never = 2.03), with significant tests for trend. Similar results were found for crude Oil exposure via skin contact. Exposure to both Oil and Oil dispersants yielded associations that were appreciably greater in magnitude than for Oil alone for all neurological symptoms. Sensitivity analyses excluding responders in the highest environmental heat categories and responders with relevant pre-existing conditions indicated robustness of these results. Stratified analyses indicated possible effect modification by sex, PPE use, and heat exposure. Conclusions This study provides evidence of a cross sectional association between crude Oil exposures and acute neurological symptoms in a sample of U.S. Coast Guard responders. Additionally, it suggests that exposure to both crude Oil and Oil dispersant may result in stronger associations and that heat may interact synergistically with Oil exposures resulting in more acute neurological symptoms. Future investigations are needed to confirm these findings.
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the deepwater horizon Oil Spill coast guard cohort study
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Jennifer A Rusiecki, Li Wang, Erica G Schwartz, Kate Christenbury, John Barrett, Melannie Alexander, Laura Weems, David Johndrow, Renee Funk, Lawrence S EngelAbstract:Objectives Long-term studies of Oil Spill responders are urgently needed as Oil Spills continue to occur. To this end, we established the prospective Deepwater Horizon (DWH) Oil Spill Coast Guard Cohort study. Methods DWH Oil Spill responders (n=8696) and non-responders (n=44 823) who were members of the US Coast Guard (20 April–17 December 2010) were included. This cohort uses both prospective, objective health data from military medical encounters and cross-sectional survey data. Here, we describe the cohort, present adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) estimating cross-sectional associations between crude Oil exposure (none, low/medium, high) and acute physical symptoms, and present adjusted relative risks (RRs) based on longitudinal medical encounter data (2010–2012) for responders/non-responders and responders exposed/not exposed to crude Oil. Results Responders and non-responders in this large cohort (n=53 519) have similar characteristics. Crude Oil exposure was reported by >50% of responders. We found statistically significant associations for crude Oil exposure with coughing (PR high =1.78), shortness of breath (PR high =2.30), wheezing (PR high =2.32), headaches (PR high =1.46), light-headedness/dizziness (PR high =1.96), skin rash/itching (PR high =1.87), diarrhoea (PR high =1.76), stomach pain (PR high =1.67), nausea/vomiting (PR high =1.48) and painful/burning urination (PR high =2.89) during deployment. Longitudinal analyses revealed that responders had elevated RRs for dermal conditions (RR=1.09), as did Oil-exposed responders for chronic respiratory conditions (RR=1.32), asthma (RR=1.83) and dermal conditions (RR=1.21). Conclusions We found positive associations between crude Oil exposure and various acute physical symptoms among responders, as well as longer term health effects. This cohort is well positioned to evaluate both short-term and long-term effects of Oil Spill exposures using both self-reported and clinical health data.
