The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nali C. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Red versus green leaves: transcriptomic comparison of foliar senescence between two Prunus cerasifera genotypes
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2020Co-Authors: Vangelisti A., Guidi L., Cavallini A., Natali L., Lo Piccolo E., Landi M., Lorenzini G., Malorgio F., Massai R., Nali C.Abstract:The final stage of leaf Ontogenesis is represented by senescence, a highly regulated process driven by a sequential cellular breakdown involving, as the first step, chloroplast dismantling with consequent reduction of photosynthetic efficiency. Different processes, such as pigment accumulation, could protect the vulnerable photosynthetic apparatus of senescent leaves. Although several studies have produced transcriptomic data on foliar senescence, just few works have attempted to explain differences in red and green leaves throughout Ontogenesis. In this work, a transcriptomic approach was used on green and red leaves of Prunus cerasifera to unveil molecular differences from leaf maturity to senescence. Our analysis revealed a higher gene regulation in red leaves compared to green ones, during leaf transition. Most of the observed DEGs were shared and involved in transcription factor activities, senescing processes and cell wall remodelling. Significant differences were detected in cellular functions: genes related to photosystem I and II were highly down-regulated in the green genotype, whereas transcripts involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, such as UDP glucose-flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) were exclusively up-regulated in red leaves. In addition, cellular functions involved in stress response (glutathione-S-transferase, Pathogen-Related) and sugar metabolism, such as three threalose-6-phosphate synthases, were activated in senescent red leaves. In conclusion, data suggests that P. cerasifera red genotypes can regulate a set of genes and molecular mechanisms that cope with senescence, promoting more advantages during leaf Ontogenesis than compared to the green ones
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Red versus green leaves: transcriptomic comparison of foliar senescence between two Prunus cerasifera genotypes.
Sociewtà Italiana di Genetica Agraria, 2019Co-Authors: Vangelisti A., Guidi L., Cavallini A., Natali L., Lo Piccolo E., Landi M., Lorenzini G., Malorgio F., Massai R., Nali C.Abstract:The final stage of leaf Ontogenesis is represented by senescence, a highly regulated process driven by a sequential cellular breakdown involving, as first step, chloroplast dismantling with consequent reduction of photosynthetic performance and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been proposed that different processes, such as pigments accumulation (mostly anthocyanins), can delay leaf senescence. In this sense, many species have been found to display green or red leaves, amongst these Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. Although several studies produced transcriptomic data on foliar senescence and leaf color, just few works attempted to underpin differences in leaf genotypes throughout Ontogenesis and exclusively at physiological and biochemical level. In this work, a transcriptomic approach has been exploited on green (clone 29C) and red (var. Pissardii) leaves of P. cerasifera from mature to senescent (6 weeks later) transition. Our analysis revealed 3,070 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during green leaf transition, whereas red morph showed a slightly high gene regulation (4,925 DEGs). Most of observed DEGs where shared between the two genotypes and involved into transcription factor activity (such as NAC, MYB and AP2), senescing processes (SAGs) and cell wall remodeling (Expansins and Exostosin). Nevertheless, significant differences were detected in cellular functions of red leaves compared to green: genes involved in photosynthetic processes (e.g. tyranscripts encoding for Chlorophyll binding proteins) were highly down-regulated in green genotype, whereas transcript involved in pigment synthesis (e.g. flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) were up-regulated exclusively in red leaves. In addition, cellular functions related to ROS scavenging (glutathione-Stransferase, Pathogen Related-genes) and to sugar metabolism (e.g. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase) were activated specifically in senescent red leaf. In conclusion, RNA-seq analysis suggests that P. cerasifera red genotype can regulate a set of genes and molecular functions which cope senescence, promoting a more delayed leaf Ontogenesis compared to the green one
Elena V Volodina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the variation in reliability of individual vocal signature throughout Ontogenesis in the red crowned crane grus japonensis
Acta Ethologica, 2009Co-Authors: Anna V Klenova, Ilya A Volodin, Elena V VolodinaAbstract:Distinctiveness of chicks’ calls may arise in Ontogenesis when parents can confuse their own and alien chicks, leaving their nests and forming creches or flocks. It is unknown, however, whether the individual vocal signature retains further in Ontogenesis or relaxes when the necessity in the parental care disappears. In this paper, we study the inter- and intra-individual variations of the acoustic parameters in chicks’ calls in the red-crowned crane Grus japonensis, the species with prolonged development enveloping three stages: territorial under parental care, in flocks under parental care and in flocks self-independently. We found, that discriminability of chicks’ calls increased significantly to the second stage, characterized by the maximum risk for parents to confuse the own and alien chicks, and significantly decreased to the third stage, when the needs in the parent–chick vocal recognition disappeared. Our data agree with a hypothesis that the individual distinctiveness decreases in the absence of necessity in accuracy of parent–chick recognition.
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the vocal development of the red crowned crane grus japonensis
Ornithological Science, 2007Co-Authors: Anna V Klenova, Ilya A Volodin, Elena V VolodinaAbstract:ABSTRACT Most studies on avian vocal Ontogenesis have focused on taxa exhibiting some kind of vocal learning. This study provides a detailed analysis of vocal processes through early and late Ontogenesis in 17 chicks of the Red crowned Crane Grus japonensis, a species lacking vocal learning. Three basic structural classes: trills, PE-chirps and PS-chirps and their transitional forms are described. Trends in call parameter values are presented for 10 age classes in the course of a period from birth to 9.5 months. We discuss our vocal classification with those reported for other crane species, relate the revealed stages of vocal Ontogenesis in the Red-crowned Crane to biologically relevant life stages in this species and advance a hypothesis for the proposed function of retaining high juvenile frequencies in adolescent cranes for a prolonged period, up to voice breaking (a rapid significant decrease in fundamental frequency). We conclude, that voice breaking is universal for both sexes and that the retained...
Onur Gunturkun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Building an Asymmetrical Brain: The Molecular Perspective
Frontiers Media S.A., 2019Co-Authors: Judith Schmitz, Onur Gunturkun, Sebastian OcklenburgAbstract:The brain is one of the most prominent examples for structural and functional differences between the left and right half of the body. For handedness and language lateralization, the most widely investigated behavioral phenotypes, only a small fraction of phenotypic variance has been explained by molecular genetic studies. Due to environmental factors presumably also playing a role in their Ontogenesis and based on first molecular evidence, it has been suggested that functional hemispheric asymmetries are partly under epigenetic control. This review article aims to elucidate the molecular factors underlying hemispheric asymmetries and their association with inner organ asymmetries. While we previously suggested that epigenetic mechanisms might partly account for the missing heritability of handedness, this article extends this idea by suggesting possible alternatives for transgenerational transmission of epigenetic states that do not require germ line epigenetic transmission. This is in line with a multifactorial model of hemispheric asymmetries, integrating genetic, environmental, and epigenetic influencing factors in their Ontogenesis
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Ontogenesis of lateralization
Neuron, 2017Co-Authors: Onur Gunturkun, Sebastian OcklenburgAbstract:The brains of humans and other animals are asymmetrically organized, but we still know little about the ontogenetic and neural fundaments of lateralizations. Here, we review the current state of understanding about the role of genetic and non-genetic factors for the development of neural and behavioral asymmetries in vertebrates. At the genetic level, the Nodal signaling cascade is of central importance, but several other genetic pathways have been discovered to also shape the lateralized embryonic brain. Studies in humans identified several relevant genes with mostly small effect sizes but also highlight the extreme importance of non-genetic factors for asymmetry development. This is also visible in visual asymmetry in birds, in which genes only affect embryonic body position, while the resulting left-right difference of visual stimulation shapes visual pathways in a lateralized way. These and further studies in zebrafish and humans highlight that the many routes from genes to asymmetries of function run through left-right differences of neural pathways. They constitute the lateralized blueprints of our perception, cognition, and action.
Franz Schaefer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chronic kidney disease prenatal risk factors for kidney and urinary tract anomalies
Nature Reviews Nephrology, 2014Co-Authors: Robert H Mak, Franz SchaeferAbstract:Childhood-onset chronic kidney disease is the result of congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract in approximately two-thirds of all patients. An area of intense research in recent years, however, is the potential impact of maternal obesity on renal Ontogenesis or postnatal renal function in the offspring.
Vangelisti A. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Red versus green leaves: transcriptomic comparison of foliar senescence between two Prunus cerasifera genotypes
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2020Co-Authors: Vangelisti A., Guidi L., Cavallini A., Natali L., Lo Piccolo E., Landi M., Lorenzini G., Malorgio F., Massai R., Nali C.Abstract:The final stage of leaf Ontogenesis is represented by senescence, a highly regulated process driven by a sequential cellular breakdown involving, as the first step, chloroplast dismantling with consequent reduction of photosynthetic efficiency. Different processes, such as pigment accumulation, could protect the vulnerable photosynthetic apparatus of senescent leaves. Although several studies have produced transcriptomic data on foliar senescence, just few works have attempted to explain differences in red and green leaves throughout Ontogenesis. In this work, a transcriptomic approach was used on green and red leaves of Prunus cerasifera to unveil molecular differences from leaf maturity to senescence. Our analysis revealed a higher gene regulation in red leaves compared to green ones, during leaf transition. Most of the observed DEGs were shared and involved in transcription factor activities, senescing processes and cell wall remodelling. Significant differences were detected in cellular functions: genes related to photosystem I and II were highly down-regulated in the green genotype, whereas transcripts involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, such as UDP glucose-flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) were exclusively up-regulated in red leaves. In addition, cellular functions involved in stress response (glutathione-S-transferase, Pathogen-Related) and sugar metabolism, such as three threalose-6-phosphate synthases, were activated in senescent red leaves. In conclusion, data suggests that P. cerasifera red genotypes can regulate a set of genes and molecular mechanisms that cope with senescence, promoting more advantages during leaf Ontogenesis than compared to the green ones
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Red versus green leaves: transcriptomic comparison of foliar senescence between two Prunus cerasifera genotypes.
Sociewtà Italiana di Genetica Agraria, 2019Co-Authors: Vangelisti A., Guidi L., Cavallini A., Natali L., Lo Piccolo E., Landi M., Lorenzini G., Malorgio F., Massai R., Nali C.Abstract:The final stage of leaf Ontogenesis is represented by senescence, a highly regulated process driven by a sequential cellular breakdown involving, as first step, chloroplast dismantling with consequent reduction of photosynthetic performance and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been proposed that different processes, such as pigments accumulation (mostly anthocyanins), can delay leaf senescence. In this sense, many species have been found to display green or red leaves, amongst these Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. Although several studies produced transcriptomic data on foliar senescence and leaf color, just few works attempted to underpin differences in leaf genotypes throughout Ontogenesis and exclusively at physiological and biochemical level. In this work, a transcriptomic approach has been exploited on green (clone 29C) and red (var. Pissardii) leaves of P. cerasifera from mature to senescent (6 weeks later) transition. Our analysis revealed 3,070 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during green leaf transition, whereas red morph showed a slightly high gene regulation (4,925 DEGs). Most of observed DEGs where shared between the two genotypes and involved into transcription factor activity (such as NAC, MYB and AP2), senescing processes (SAGs) and cell wall remodeling (Expansins and Exostosin). Nevertheless, significant differences were detected in cellular functions of red leaves compared to green: genes involved in photosynthetic processes (e.g. tyranscripts encoding for Chlorophyll binding proteins) were highly down-regulated in green genotype, whereas transcript involved in pigment synthesis (e.g. flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) were up-regulated exclusively in red leaves. In addition, cellular functions related to ROS scavenging (glutathione-Stransferase, Pathogen Related-genes) and to sugar metabolism (e.g. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase) were activated specifically in senescent red leaf. In conclusion, RNA-seq analysis suggests that P. cerasifera red genotype can regulate a set of genes and molecular functions which cope senescence, promoting a more delayed leaf Ontogenesis compared to the green one
