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Mary Jeanne Kreek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetics of Opiate Addiction
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2014Co-Authors: Brian Reed, Eduardo R. Butelman, Vadim Yuferov, Matthew Randesi, Mary Jeanne KreekAbstract:Addiction to MOP-r agonists such as heroin (and also Addiction to prescription opioids) has reemerged as an epidemic in the twenty first century, causing massive morbidity. Understanding the genetics contributing to susceptibility to this disease is crucial for the identification of novel therapeutic targets, and also for discovery of genetic markers which would indicate relative protection or vulnerability from Addiction, and relative responsiveness to pharmacotherapy. This information could thus eventually inform clinical practice. In this review, we focus primarily on association studies of heroin and Opiate Addiction, and further describe the studies which have been replicated in this field, and are thus more likely to be useful for translational efforts.
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Opiate Addiction and cocaine Addiction: underlying molecular neurobiology and genetics
The Journal of clinical investigation, 2012Co-Authors: Mary Jeanne Kreek, Brian Reed, Orna Levran, Stefan D. Schlussman, Yan Zhou, Eduardo R. ButelmanAbstract:Addictive diseases, including Addiction to heroin, prescription opioids, or cocaine, pose massive personal and public health costs. Addictions are chronic relapsing diseases of the brain caused by drug-induced direct effects and persisting neuroadaptations at the epigenetic, mRNA, neuropeptide, neurotransmitter, or protein levels. These neuroadaptations, which can be specific to drug type, and their resultant behaviors are modified by various internal and external environmental factors, including stress responsivity, addict mindset, and social setting. Specific gene variants, including variants encoding pharmacological target proteins or genes mediating neuroadaptations, also modify vulnerability at particular stages of Addiction. Greater understanding of these interacting factors through laboratory-based and translational studies have the potential to optimize early interventions for the therapy of chronic addictive diseases and to reduce the burden of relapse. Here, we review the molecular neurobiology and genetics of Opiate Addiction, including heroin and prescription opioids, and cocaine Addiction.
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evidence for association of two variants of the nociceptin orphanin fq receptor gene oprl1 with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction in caucasians
Psychiatric Genetics, 2010Co-Authors: Judith A Briant, Dmitri Proudnikov, David A. Nielsen, Jurg Ott, Douglas Londono, Mary Jeanne KreekAbstract:ObjectivesThe OPRL1 gene encodes the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor, which plays a role in regulating tolerance and behavioral responses to morphine. However, there is limited information on whether variants of OPRL1 are associated with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction. In this study, we e
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Evidence for association of two variants of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor gene OPRL1 with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction in Caucasians
Psychiatric genetics, 2010Co-Authors: Judith A Briant, Dmitri Proudnikov, David A. Nielsen, Jurg Ott, Douglas Londono, Mary Jeanne KreekAbstract:ObjectivesThe OPRL1 gene encodes the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor, which plays a role in regulating tolerance and behavioral responses to morphine. However, there is limited information on whether variants of OPRL1 are associated with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction. In this study, we e
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Replication of an effective Opiate Addiction pharmacotherapeutic treatment model : Minimal need for modification in a different country
Journal of Maintenance in the Addictions, 2000Co-Authors: Miriam O. Adelson, Rachel Hayward, Gershon Bodner, Avi Bleich, Marc Gelkopf, Mary Jeanne KreekAbstract:Abstract Objective: To determine whether we can replicate, with a similar success, an effective USA model clinic for Opiate Addiction in another country in spite of major geographical, linguistic and cultural differences. Design: Prospective data on demographic and other factors relating to Addiction and treatment were collected, since the establishment of the clinic in July 1993. Setting: New outpatient model methadone maintenance and research clinic for 120-150 patients, affiliated with a major university hospital in Tel Aviv, Israel. Patients: A total of 212 patients with Opiate Addiction were admitted to clinic and followed from July 1, 1993 until July 1, 1997. Main Outcome Measures: The overall retention and one year retention rate for all patients admitted since July 1993. The prevalence of patients with no evidence of illicit Opiate use, after both one and one and a half years in treatment. Results: The overall retention in treatment, irrespective of time in treatment, is 67.9%. The one-year retent...
Jeffrey A. Gray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does post withdrawal cue exposure improve outcome in Opiate Addiction a controlled trial
Addiction, 1993Co-Authors: Sharon Dawe, John Strang, Jane H. Powell, David Richards, Michael Gossop, Isaac Marks, Jeffrey A. GrayAbstract:A controlled trial studied whether cue exposure prevented relapse in Opiate Addiction. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of two inpatient treatment settings: a drug dependence unit with a special 10 week program and 4 weeks in a behavioural/general treatment unit without such a program. In each setting, following drug-withdrawal, subjects had either cue exposure for at least six sessions over 3 weeks, or a control condition. Subjects were followed up twice, at about 6 weeks and 6 months post-treatment. 186 subjects were randomly allocated; 69 were assessed post-detoxification, and of these 43 completed cue exposure or control treatments. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ in cue reactivity. This was evaluated post-treatment for cue exposure subjects and at a comparable time point for controls. All groups showed a significant decrement in cue-elicited craving, withdrawal responses and negative mood. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ at either of the two follow up interviews.
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Does post‐withdrawal cue exposure improve outcome in Opiate Addiction? A controlled trial
Addiction (Abingdon England), 1993Co-Authors: Sharon Dawe, John Strang, Jane H. Powell, David Richards, Michael Gossop, Isaac Marks, Jeffrey A. GrayAbstract:A controlled trial studied whether cue exposure prevented relapse in Opiate Addiction. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of two inpatient treatment settings: a drug dependence unit with a special 10 week program and 4 weeks in a behavioural/general treatment unit without such a program. In each setting, following drug-withdrawal, subjects had either cue exposure for at least six sessions over 3 weeks, or a control condition. Subjects were followed up twice, at about 6 weeks and 6 months post-treatment. 186 subjects were randomly allocated; 69 were assessed post-detoxification, and of these 43 completed cue exposure or control treatments. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ in cue reactivity. This was evaluated post-treatment for cue exposure subjects and at a comparable time point for controls. All groups showed a significant decrement in cue-elicited craving, withdrawal responses and negative mood. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ at either of the two follow up interviews.
John Strang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Contingency Management interventions for non-prescribed drug use during treatment for Opiate Addiction: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Drug and alcohol dependence, 2017Co-Authors: Tom S. Ainscough, Ann Mcneill, John Strang, Robert Ian Calder, Leonie S. BroseAbstract:Abstract Background and aims Use of non-prescribed drugs during treatment for Opiate Addiction reduces treatment success, creating a need for effective interventions. This review aimed to assess the efficacy of contingency management, a behavioural treatment that uses rewards to encourage desired behaviours, for treating non-prescribed drug use during Opiate Addiction treatment. Methods A systematic search of the databases Embase, PsychInfo, PsychArticles and Medline from inception to March 2015 was performed. Random effects meta-analysis tested the use of contingency management to treat the use of drugs during Opiate Addiction treatment, using either longest duration of abstinence (LDA) or percentage of negative samples (PNS). Random effects moderator analyses were performed for six potential moderators: drug targeted for intervention, decade in which the study was carried out, study quality, intervention duration, type of reinforcer, and form of Opiate treatment. Results The search returned 3860 papers; 22 studies met inclusion criteria and were meta-analysed. Follow-up data was only available for three studies, so all analyses used end of treatment data. Contingency management performed significantly better than control in reducing drug use measured using LDA ( d = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.42–0.72) or PNS ( d = 0.41) (95% CI: 0.28–0.54). This was true for all drugs other than Opiates. The only significant moderator was drug targeted (LDA: Q = 10.75, p = 0.03). Conclusion Contingency management appears to be efficacious for treating most drug use during treatment for Opiate Addiction. Further research is required to ascertain the full effects of moderating variables, and longer term effects.
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does post withdrawal cue exposure improve outcome in Opiate Addiction a controlled trial
Addiction, 1993Co-Authors: Sharon Dawe, John Strang, Jane H. Powell, David Richards, Michael Gossop, Isaac Marks, Jeffrey A. GrayAbstract:A controlled trial studied whether cue exposure prevented relapse in Opiate Addiction. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of two inpatient treatment settings: a drug dependence unit with a special 10 week program and 4 weeks in a behavioural/general treatment unit without such a program. In each setting, following drug-withdrawal, subjects had either cue exposure for at least six sessions over 3 weeks, or a control condition. Subjects were followed up twice, at about 6 weeks and 6 months post-treatment. 186 subjects were randomly allocated; 69 were assessed post-detoxification, and of these 43 completed cue exposure or control treatments. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ in cue reactivity. This was evaluated post-treatment for cue exposure subjects and at a comparable time point for controls. All groups showed a significant decrement in cue-elicited craving, withdrawal responses and negative mood. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ at either of the two follow up interviews.
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Does post‐withdrawal cue exposure improve outcome in Opiate Addiction? A controlled trial
Addiction (Abingdon England), 1993Co-Authors: Sharon Dawe, John Strang, Jane H. Powell, David Richards, Michael Gossop, Isaac Marks, Jeffrey A. GrayAbstract:A controlled trial studied whether cue exposure prevented relapse in Opiate Addiction. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of two inpatient treatment settings: a drug dependence unit with a special 10 week program and 4 weeks in a behavioural/general treatment unit without such a program. In each setting, following drug-withdrawal, subjects had either cue exposure for at least six sessions over 3 weeks, or a control condition. Subjects were followed up twice, at about 6 weeks and 6 months post-treatment. 186 subjects were randomly allocated; 69 were assessed post-detoxification, and of these 43 completed cue exposure or control treatments. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ in cue reactivity. This was evaluated post-treatment for cue exposure subjects and at a comparable time point for controls. All groups showed a significant decrement in cue-elicited craving, withdrawal responses and negative mood. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ at either of the two follow up interviews.
Jurg Ott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evidence for association of two variants of the nociceptin orphanin fq receptor gene oprl1 with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction in caucasians
Psychiatric Genetics, 2010Co-Authors: Judith A Briant, Dmitri Proudnikov, David A. Nielsen, Jurg Ott, Douglas Londono, Mary Jeanne KreekAbstract:ObjectivesThe OPRL1 gene encodes the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor, which plays a role in regulating tolerance and behavioral responses to morphine. However, there is limited information on whether variants of OPRL1 are associated with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction. In this study, we e
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Evidence for association of two variants of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor gene OPRL1 with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction in Caucasians
Psychiatric genetics, 2010Co-Authors: Judith A Briant, Dmitri Proudnikov, David A. Nielsen, Jurg Ott, Douglas Londono, Mary Jeanne KreekAbstract:ObjectivesThe OPRL1 gene encodes the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor, which plays a role in regulating tolerance and behavioral responses to morphine. However, there is limited information on whether variants of OPRL1 are associated with vulnerability to develop Opiate Addiction. In this study, we e
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catechol o methyltransferase comt gene variants possible association of the val158met variant with Opiate Addiction in hispanic women
American Journal of Medical Genetics, 2008Co-Authors: Bronson E. Oosterhuis, Dmitri Proudnikov, David A. Nielsen, Robert Gianotti, Sandra Barral, Derek Gordon, Suzanne M. Leal, Steven K Laforge, Jurg OttAbstract:Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) catalyzes the breakdown of catechol neurotransmitters, including dopamine, which plays a prominent role in drug reward. A common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), G472A, codes for a Val158Met substitution and results in a fourfold down regulation of enzyme activity. We sequenced exon IV of COMT gene in search for novel polymorphisms and then genotyped four out of five identified by direct sequencing, using TaqMan assay on 266 opioid-dependent and 173 control subjects. Genotype frequencies of the G472A SNP varied significantly (P = 0.029) among the three main ethnic/cultural groups (Caucasians, Hispanics, and African Americans). Using a genotype test, we found a trend to point-wise association (P = 0.053) of the G472A SNP in Hispanic subjects with Opiate Addiction. Further analysis of G472A genotypes in Hispanic subjects with data stratified by gender identified a point-wise significant (P = 0.049) association of G/A and A/A genotypes with Opiate Addiction in women, but not men. These point-wise significant results are not significant experiment-wise (at P < 0.05) after correction for multiple testing. No significant association was found with haplotypes of the three most common SNPs. Linkage disequilibrium patterns were similar for the three ethnic/cultural groups. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) gene variants: Possible association of the Val158Met variant with Opiate Addiction in hispanic women
American Journal of Medical Genetics, 2008Co-Authors: Bronson E. Oosterhuis, K. Steven Laforge, Dmitri Proudnikov, David A. Nielsen, Robert Gianotti, Sandra Barral, Derek Gordon, Suzanne M. Leal, Jurg OttAbstract:Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) catalyzes the breakdown of catechol neurotransmitters, including dopamine, which plays a prominent role in drug reward. A common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), G472A, codes for a Val158Met substitution and results in a fourfold down regulation of enzyme activity. We sequenced exon IV of COMT gene in search for novel polymorphisms and then genotyped four out of five identified by direct sequencing, using TaqMan assay on 266 opioid-dependent and 173 control subjects. Genotype frequencies of the G472A SNP varied significantly (P = 0.029) among the three main ethnic/cultural groups (Caucasians, Hispanics, and African Americans). Using a genotype test, we found a trend to point-wise association (P = 0.053) of the G472A SNP in Hispanic subjects with Opiate Addiction. Further analysis of G472A genotypes in Hispanic subjects with data stratified by gender identified a point-wise significant (P = 0.049) association of G/A and A/A genotypes with Opiate Addiction in women, but not men. These point-wise significant results are not significant experiment-wise (at P
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Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene variants: possible association of the Val158Met variant with Opiate Addiction in Hispanic women.
American journal of medical genetics. Part B Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2008Co-Authors: Bronson E. Oosterhuis, K. Steven Laforge, Dmitri Proudnikov, David A. Nielsen, Robert Gianotti, Sandra Barral, Derek Gordon, Suzanne M. Leal, Jurg OttAbstract:Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) catalyzes the breakdown of catechol neurotransmitters, including dopamine, which plays a prominent role in drug reward. A common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), G472A, codes for a Val158Met substitution and results in a fourfold down regulation of enzyme activity. We sequenced exon IV of COMT gene in search for novel polymorphisms and then genotyped four out of five identified by direct sequencing, using TaqMan assay on 266 opioid-dependent and 173 control subjects. Genotype frequencies of the G472A SNP varied significantly (P = 0.029) among the three main ethnic/cultural groups (Caucasians, Hispanics, and African Americans). Using a genotype test, we found a trend to point-wise association (P = 0.053) of the G472A SNP in Hispanic subjects with Opiate Addiction. Further analysis of G472A genotypes in Hispanic subjects with data stratified by gender identified a point-wise significant (P = 0.049) association of G/A and A/A genotypes with Opiate Addiction in women, but not men. These point-wise significant results are not significant experiment-wise (at P < 0.05) after correction for multiple testing. No significant association was found with haplotypes of the three most common SNPs. Linkage disequilibrium patterns were similar for the three ethnic/cultural groups.
Sharon Dawe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does post withdrawal cue exposure improve outcome in Opiate Addiction a controlled trial
Addiction, 1993Co-Authors: Sharon Dawe, John Strang, Jane H. Powell, David Richards, Michael Gossop, Isaac Marks, Jeffrey A. GrayAbstract:A controlled trial studied whether cue exposure prevented relapse in Opiate Addiction. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of two inpatient treatment settings: a drug dependence unit with a special 10 week program and 4 weeks in a behavioural/general treatment unit without such a program. In each setting, following drug-withdrawal, subjects had either cue exposure for at least six sessions over 3 weeks, or a control condition. Subjects were followed up twice, at about 6 weeks and 6 months post-treatment. 186 subjects were randomly allocated; 69 were assessed post-detoxification, and of these 43 completed cue exposure or control treatments. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ in cue reactivity. This was evaluated post-treatment for cue exposure subjects and at a comparable time point for controls. All groups showed a significant decrement in cue-elicited craving, withdrawal responses and negative mood. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ at either of the two follow up interviews.
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Does post‐withdrawal cue exposure improve outcome in Opiate Addiction? A controlled trial
Addiction (Abingdon England), 1993Co-Authors: Sharon Dawe, John Strang, Jane H. Powell, David Richards, Michael Gossop, Isaac Marks, Jeffrey A. GrayAbstract:A controlled trial studied whether cue exposure prevented relapse in Opiate Addiction. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of two inpatient treatment settings: a drug dependence unit with a special 10 week program and 4 weeks in a behavioural/general treatment unit without such a program. In each setting, following drug-withdrawal, subjects had either cue exposure for at least six sessions over 3 weeks, or a control condition. Subjects were followed up twice, at about 6 weeks and 6 months post-treatment. 186 subjects were randomly allocated; 69 were assessed post-detoxification, and of these 43 completed cue exposure or control treatments. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ in cue reactivity. This was evaluated post-treatment for cue exposure subjects and at a comparable time point for controls. All groups showed a significant decrement in cue-elicited craving, withdrawal responses and negative mood. Cue exposure and control subjects did not differ at either of the two follow up interviews.