The Experts below are selected from a list of 48306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cecilia M Giachelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition on collagen fibrils and the presence of matrix vesicles, as has been described in calcified vascular lesions in vivo as well as in bone and teeth. In the present study, we used this model to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving vascular calcification. We found that BASMCs lost their lineage markers, SM22α and smooth muscle α-actin, within 10 days of being placed under calcifying conditions. Conversely, the cells gained an osteogenic phenotype as indicated by an increase in expression and DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor, core binding factor α1 (Cbfa1). Moreover, genes containing the Cbfa1 binding site, OSE2, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated. The relevance of these in vitro findings to vascular calcification in vivo was further studied in matrix GL...
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition ...
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Smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification: Upregulation of Cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie A. Steitz, Gilles Karsenty, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Paul Haynes, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, beta-glyceroPhosphate (betaGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition on collagen fibrils and the presence of matrix vesicles, as has been described in calcified vascular lesions in vivo as well as in bone and teeth. In the present study, we used this model to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving vascular calcification. We found that BASMCs lost their lineage markers, SM22alpha and smooth muscle alpha-actin, within 10 days of being placed under calcifying conditions. Conversely, the cells gained an osteogenic phenotype as indicated by an increase in expression and DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor, core binding factor alpha1 (Cbfa1). Moreover, genes containing the Cbfa1 binding site, OSE2, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated. The relevance of these in vitro findings to vascular calcification in vivo was further studied in matrix GLA protein null (MGP(-/-)) mice whose arteries spontaneously calcify. We found that arterial calcification was associated with a similar loss in smooth muscle markers and a gain of osteopontin and Cbfa1 expression. These data demonstrate a novel association of vascular calcification with smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition, in which several osteogenic proteins including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and the bone determining factor Cbfa1 are gained. The findings suggest a positive role for SMCs in promoting vascular calcification.
James B Mcclintock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of chronic inOrganic and Organic Phosphate exposure on bactericidal activity of the coelomic fluid of the sea urchin lytechinus variegatus lamarck echinodermata echinoidea
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology, 2009Co-Authors: Anne S Bottger, James B McclintockAbstract:Abstract The sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus can survive chronic exposure to sodium Phosphate (inOrganic Phosphate) concentrations as high as 3.2 mg L− 1, and triethyl Phosphate (Organic Phosphate) concentrations of 1000 mg L− 1. However, chronic exposure to low (0.8 mg L− 1 inOrganic and 10 mg L− 1 Organic Phosphate), medium (1.6 mg L− 1 inOrganic and 100 mg L− 1 Organic Phosphate) or high (3.2 mg L− 1 inOrganic and 1000 mg L− 1 Organic Phosphate) sublethal concentrations of these Phosphates inhibit bactericidal clearance of the marine bacterium Vibrio sp. Bacteria were exposed to coelomic fluid collected from individuals maintained in either artificial seawater, or three concentrations of either inOrganic Phosphate or Organic Phosphate. Sterile marine broth, natural seawater and cell free coelomic fluid (cfCF) were employed as controls. Bacterial survival indices were measured at 0, 24 and 48 h periods once a week for four weeks. Bacteria were readily eliminated from the whole coelomic fluid (wCF) of individuals maintained in artificial seawater. Individuals maintained in inOrganic Phosphates were able to clear bacteria following a two week exposure period, while individuals maintained at even low concentrations of Organic Phosphates failed to clear all bacteria from their coelomic fluid. Exposure to Phosphates represses antimicrobial defenses and may ultimately compromise survival of L. variegatus in the nearshore environment.
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effects of inOrganic and Organic Phosphate exposure on aspects of reproduction in the common sea urchin lytechinus variegatus echinodermata echinoidea
Journal of Experimental Zoology, 2002Co-Authors: Anne S Bottger, James B McclintockAbstract:The common nearshore sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus is capable of surviving exposure to inOrganic Phosphate concentrations as high as 3.2 mg/l–1 and Organic Phosphate concentrations of 1,000 mg/l–1. However, chronic exposure to low, medium, or high sublethal concentrations of these Phosphates inhibits gonadal tissue indices and spawning activity while altering biochemical composition of gonads, reducing size frequencies of oocyte diameters, and changing gonadal volume fractions. Gonad indices declined significantly in individuals maintained in all Phosphate concentrations after both one- and two-month exposures, while percentages of ripe individuals (oozing gametes upon dissection) were reduced after a two-month exposure in individuals maintained in medium and high Organic Phosphate concentrations. Levels of carbohydrates and lipids were lower in gonads of individuals maintained in all concentrations of both Phosphates. Size frequency distributions of oocyte diameters revealed a dramatic decrease in oocyte size with increasing concentrations of both Phosphates. Gonadal volume fractions of developing male and female gametes decreased with exposure to increasing Phosphate levels. Volume fractions of nutritive phagocytes declined in testes of individuals held in the highest concentration of Organic Phosphate but displayed no significant change in ovaries. Volume fractions of mature gametes also decreased in gonads of individuals exposed to increasing concentrations of inOrganic Phosphate, but they remained constant in individuals exposed to all concentrations of Organic Phosphate. These findings indicate that shallow-water populations of L. variegatus subjected to inOrganic and Organic Phosphate pollutants will exhibit stress that may impair reproductive output, gametogenesis, and spawning in the natural environment. J. Exp. Zool. 292:660–671, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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effects of inOrganic and Organic Phosphates on feeding feeding absorption nutrient allocation growth and righting responses of the sea urchin lytechinus variegatus
Marine Biology, 2001Co-Authors: S A Bottger, James B Mcclintock, Thomas S KlingerAbstract:The sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus is capable of surviving chronic exposure to sodium Phosphate (inOrganic Phosphate) concentrations as high as 3.2 mg l−1, and triethyl Phosphate (Organic Phosphate) concentrations of 1,000 mg l−1. However, chronic exposure to low (0.8 mg l−1 inOrganic and 10 mg l−1 Organic Phosphate), medium (1.6 mg l−1 inOrganic and 100 mg l−1 Organic Phosphate) or high (3.2 mg l−1 inOrganic and 1,000 mg l−1 Organic Phosphate) sublethal concentrations of these Phosphates inhibits feeding, fecal production, nutrient absorption and allocation, growth and righting behavior. Food consumption and fecal production declined significantly in individuals exposed to medium and high concentrations of inOrganic Phosphates and all levels of Organic Phosphates. Feeding absorption efficiencies for total Organics and carbohydrates decreased significantly in individuals held in the highest concentration of Organic Phosphate. Feeding absorption efficiencies for lipids were significantly reduced in the highest inOrganic Phosphate concentration only, while they decreased significantly for protein with increasing Phosphate exposure. Carbohydrate and lipid levels in gonad and gut tissues decreased significantly with exposure to increasing Phosphate concentrations, potentially impairing both gametogenesis and nutrient storage in the gut. Moreover, gonad indices significantly decreased in individuals exposed to the highest concentrations of either Phosphate. Growth rates decreased significantly under the influence of all Phosphate concentrations, while increasing in seawater alone. Individuals exposed to increasing Phosphate concentrations showed reduced righting responses (a measure of stress) and no acclimation in righting times during chronic exposure to Phosphates over a 4 week period. These findings indicate that shallow-water populations of L. variegatus subjected to inOrganic and Organic Phosphate pollutants will exhibit stress and be inhibited in their growth and performance due to reductions in feeding, nutrient absorption and allocation of nutrients to key somatic and reproductive tissues.
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The effects of Organic and inOrganic Phosphates on fertilization and early development in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea).
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 2001Co-Authors: S A Bottger, James B McclintockAbstract:Abstract The embryos of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus are capable of surviving chronic exposure to inOrganic sodium Phosphate and Organic triethyl Phosphate concentrations as high as 6 and 1000 mg l −1 seawater, respectively. However, chronic exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of these Phosphates may cause arrested or abnormal embryonic development. We measured fertilization success and percentages of normal, arrested and abnormal embryos exposed to low, medium and high sub-lethal concentrations of inOrganic and Organic Phosphate. Fertilization success was significantly reduced in all Phosphate treatments. After attaining the 4-cell stage, embryos exposed to the highest Phosphate concentrations displayed arrested development. Percentages of abnormally developing embryos showed a strong concentration dose–response with a significant increase in abnormal embryonic development with increasing Phosphate concentration. Overall, these results indicate that the gametes and embryos of L. variegatus may provide a rapid and sensitive model bioassay for the evaluation of Phosphate pollutants in marine systems. Our findings also indicate that shallow-water populations of L. variegatus spawning in areas subjected to inOrganic and Organic Phosphate pollutants may suffer detrimental effects on fertilization and embryonic development.
Paul A Haynes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition ...
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition on collagen fibrils and the presence of matrix vesicles, as has been described in calcified vascular lesions in vivo as well as in bone and teeth. In the present study, we used this model to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving vascular calcification. We found that BASMCs lost their lineage markers, SM22α and smooth muscle α-actin, within 10 days of being placed under calcifying conditions. Conversely, the cells gained an osteogenic phenotype as indicated by an increase in expression and DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor, core binding factor α1 (Cbfa1). Moreover, genes containing the Cbfa1 binding site, OSE2, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated. The relevance of these in vitro findings to vascular calcification in vivo was further studied in matrix GL...
Thorsten Schinke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition on collagen fibrils and the presence of matrix vesicles, as has been described in calcified vascular lesions in vivo as well as in bone and teeth. In the present study, we used this model to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving vascular calcification. We found that BASMCs lost their lineage markers, SM22α and smooth muscle α-actin, within 10 days of being placed under calcifying conditions. Conversely, the cells gained an osteogenic phenotype as indicated by an increase in expression and DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor, core binding factor α1 (Cbfa1). Moreover, genes containing the Cbfa1 binding site, OSE2, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated. The relevance of these in vitro findings to vascular calcification in vivo was further studied in matrix GL...
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition ...
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Smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification: Upregulation of Cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie A. Steitz, Gilles Karsenty, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Paul Haynes, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, beta-glyceroPhosphate (betaGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition on collagen fibrils and the presence of matrix vesicles, as has been described in calcified vascular lesions in vivo as well as in bone and teeth. In the present study, we used this model to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving vascular calcification. We found that BASMCs lost their lineage markers, SM22alpha and smooth muscle alpha-actin, within 10 days of being placed under calcifying conditions. Conversely, the cells gained an osteogenic phenotype as indicated by an increase in expression and DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor, core binding factor alpha1 (Cbfa1). Moreover, genes containing the Cbfa1 binding site, OSE2, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated. The relevance of these in vitro findings to vascular calcification in vivo was further studied in matrix GLA protein null (MGP(-/-)) mice whose arteries spontaneously calcify. We found that arterial calcification was associated with a similar loss in smooth muscle markers and a gain of osteopontin and Cbfa1 expression. These data demonstrate a novel association of vascular calcification with smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition, in which several osteogenic proteins including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and the bone determining factor Cbfa1 are gained. The findings suggest a positive role for SMCs in promoting vascular calcification.
Gabrielle Curinga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition on collagen fibrils and the presence of matrix vesicles, as has been described in calcified vascular lesions in vivo as well as in bone and teeth. In the present study, we used this model to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving vascular calcification. We found that BASMCs lost their lineage markers, SM22α and smooth muscle α-actin, within 10 days of being placed under calcifying conditions. Conversely, the cells gained an osteogenic phenotype as indicated by an increase in expression and DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor, core binding factor α1 (Cbfa1). Moreover, genes containing the Cbfa1 binding site, OSE2, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated. The relevance of these in vitro findings to vascular calcification in vivo was further studied in matrix GL...
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smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification upregulation of cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie Steitz, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Paul A Haynes, Gerard Karsenty, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, β-glyceroPhosphate (βGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition ...
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Smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition associated with calcification: Upregulation of Cbfa1 and downregulation of smooth muscle lineage markers
Circulation Research, 2001Co-Authors: Susie A. Steitz, Gilles Karsenty, Gabrielle Curinga, Hsueh Ying Yang, Paul Haynes, Mei Y Speer, Thorsten Schinke, Ruedi Aebersold, Cecilia M GiachelliAbstract:Bovine aortic smooth muscle cell (BASMC) cultures undergo mineralization on addition of the Organic Phosphate donor, beta-glyceroPhosphate (betaGP). Mineralization is characterized by apatite deposition on collagen fibrils and the presence of matrix vesicles, as has been described in calcified vascular lesions in vivo as well as in bone and teeth. In the present study, we used this model to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving vascular calcification. We found that BASMCs lost their lineage markers, SM22alpha and smooth muscle alpha-actin, within 10 days of being placed under calcifying conditions. Conversely, the cells gained an osteogenic phenotype as indicated by an increase in expression and DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor, core binding factor alpha1 (Cbfa1). Moreover, genes containing the Cbfa1 binding site, OSE2, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were elevated. The relevance of these in vitro findings to vascular calcification in vivo was further studied in matrix GLA protein null (MGP(-/-)) mice whose arteries spontaneously calcify. We found that arterial calcification was associated with a similar loss in smooth muscle markers and a gain of osteopontin and Cbfa1 expression. These data demonstrate a novel association of vascular calcification with smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition, in which several osteogenic proteins including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and the bone determining factor Cbfa1 are gained. The findings suggest a positive role for SMCs in promoting vascular calcification.