The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael Zur Muehlen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Organizational Management in Workflow Applications – Issues and Perspectives
Information Technology and Management, 2004Co-Authors: Michael Zur MuehlenAbstract:Business processes automation requires the specification of process structures as well as the definition of resources involved in the execution of these processes. While the modeling of business processes and workflows is well researched, the link between the Organizational elements and process activities is less well understood, and current developments in the web services choreography area completely neglect the Organizational Aspect of workflow applications. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the Organizational Aspects of workflow technology in the context of the workflow life cycle, to provide a review of existing work, and to develop guidelines for the design of a workflow-enabled organization, which can be used by both workflow vendors and users.
Paul A David - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the historical origins of open science an essay on patronage reputation and common agency contracting in the scientific revolution
2013Co-Authors: Paul A DavidAbstract:This essay examines the economics of patronage in the production of knowledge and its influence upon the historical formation of key elements in the ethos and Organizational structure of publicly funded 'open science.' The emergence during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries of the idea and practice of 'open science' was a distinctive and vital Organizational Aspect of the Scientific Revolution. It represented a break from the previously dominant ethos of secrecy in the pursuit of Nature's Secrets, to a new set of norms, incentives, and Organizational structures that reinforced scientific researchers' commitments to rapid disclosure of new knowledge. The rise of 'cooperative rivalries' in the revelation of new knowledge, is seen as a functional response to heightened asymmetric information problems posed for the Renaissance system of court-patronage of the arts and sciences; pre-existing informational asymmetries had been exacerbated by the claims of mathematicians and the increasing practical reliance upon new mathematical techniques in a variety of 'contexts of application.' Reputational competition among Europe's noble patrons motivated much of their efforts to attract to their courts the most prestigious natural philosophers, was no less crucial in the workings of that system than was the concern among their would-be clients to raise their peer-based reputational status. In late Renaissance Europe, the feudal legacy of fragmented political authority had resulted in relations between noble patrons and their savantclients that resembled the situation modern economists describe as `common agency contracting in substitutes' - competition among incompletely informed principals for the dedicated services of multiple agents. These conditions tended to result in contract terms (especially with regard to autonomy and financial support) that left agent client members of the nascent scientific communities better positioned to retain larger information rents on their specialized knowledge. This encouraged entry into their emerging disciplines, and enabled them collectively to develop a stronger degree of professional autonomy for their programs of inquiry within the increasingly specialized and formal scientific academies (such the Academie royale des Sciences and the Royal Society) that had attracted the patronage of rival absolutist States of Western Europe during the latter part of the seventeenth century. The institutionalization of 'open science' that took place within those settings is shown to have continuities with the use by scientists of the earlier humanist academies, and with the logic of regal patronage, rather than being driven by the material requirements of new observational and experimental techniques.Comments on this paper can be found at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2209234
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the historical origins of open science an essay on patronage reputation and common agency contracting in the scientific revolution
Capitalism and Society, 2008Co-Authors: Paul A DavidAbstract:This essay examines the economics of patronage in the production of knowledge and its influence upon the historical formation of key elements in the ethos and Organizational structure of publicly funded `open science.' The emergence during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries of the idea and practice of `open science' was a distinctive and vital Organizational Aspect of the Scientific Revolution. It represented a break from the previously dominant ethos of secrecy in the pursuit of Nature's Secrets, to a new set of norms, incentives, and Organizational structures that reinforced scientific researchers' commitments to rapid disclosure of new knowledge. The rise of `cooperative rivalries' in the revelation of new knowledge, is seen as a functional response to heightened asymmetric information problems posed for the Renaissance system of court-patronage of the arts and sciences; pre-existing informational asymmetries had been exacerbated by the claims of mathematicians and the increasing practical reliance upon new mathematical techniques in a variety of `contexts of application.' Reputational competition among Europe's noble patrons motivated much of their efforts to attract to their courts the most prestigious natural philosophers, was no less crucial in the workings of that system than was the concern among their would-be clients to raise their peer-based reputational status. In late Renaissance Europe, the feudal legacy of fragmented political authority had resulted in relations between noble patrons and their savant-clients that resembled the situation modern economists describe as `common agency contracting in substitutes' -- competition among incompletely informed principals for the dedicated services of multiple agents. These conditions tended to result in contract terms (especially with regard to autonomy and financial support) that left agent client members of the nascent scientific communities better positioned to retain larger information rents on their specialized knowledge. This encouraged entry into their emerging disciplines, and enabled them collectively to develop a stronger degree of professional autonomy for their programs of inquiry within the increasingly specialized and formal scientific academies (such the Academie royale des Sciences and the Royal Society) that had attracted the patronage of rival absolutist States of Western Europe during the latter part of the seventeenth century. The institutionalization of `open science' that took place within those settings is shown to have continuities with the use by scientists of the earlier humanist academies, and with the logic of regal patronage, rather than being driven by the material requirements of new observational and experimental techniques.
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the historical origins of open science an essay on patronage reputation and common agency contracting in the scientific revolution
2007Co-Authors: Paul A DavidAbstract:This essay examines the economics of patronage and its influence upon key elements in the ethos and Organizational structure of publicly funded open science. The emergence during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries of the idea and practice of “open science" was a distinctive Organizational Aspect of the Scientific Revolution. It represented a new set of norms, incentives, and Organizational structures that reinforced scientific researchers' commitments to rapid disclosure of new knowledge. The rise of “cooperative rivalries” in the revelation of new knowledge, is seen as a functional response to heightened asymmetric information problems posed for the Renaissance system of court-patronage of the arts and sciences. In late Renaissance Europe, the feudal legacy of fragmented political authority had resulted in relations between noble patrons and their savant-clients that resembled the situation modern economists describe as "common agency contracting in substitutes"—competition among incompletely informed principals for the dedicated services of multiple agents.
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understanding the emergence of open science institutions functionalist economics in historical context
Industrial and Corporate Change, 2004Co-Authors: Paul A DavidAbstract:This essay exposes the limitations of the 'logical origins' approach that has found favour among economists who seek to understand the workings of institutions in the past present. It pursues a different approach, applying functionalism in historical context to explain the emergence of the characteristic ethos and institutions of 'open science'. The emergence during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries of the idea and practice of 'open science' represented a break from the previously dominant ethos of secrecy in the pursuit of 'Nature's secrets'. It was a distinctive and vital Organizational Aspect of the scientific revolution, from which crystallized a new set of norms, incentives and Organizational structures that reinforced scientific researchers' commitments to rapid disclosure of new knowledge. To understand how this came about, it is necessary to examine the economics of patronage and the roles of asymmetric information and reputation in the early modern reorganization of scientific activities. The rise of 'cooperative rivalries' in the revelation of new knowledge is seen as a functional response to heightened asymmetric information problems posed for the Renaissance system of court patronage of the arts and sciences; pre-existing informational asymmetries had been exacerbated by increased importance of mathematics and the greater reliance upon sophisticated mathematical techniques in a variety of practical contexts of application. Analysis of the court patronage system of late Renaissance Europe, within which the new natural philosophers found their support, points to the significance of the feudal legacy of fragmented political authority in creating conditions of 'common agency contracting in substitutes'. These conditions are shown to have been conducive to more favorable contract terms (especially with regard to autonomy and financial support) for the agent--client members of western Europe's nascent scientific communities. Some lessons may be drawn for contemporary science and technology policy debates, in which the open science mode of pursuing knowledge often seems to be viewed a robust concomitant of the power of scientific research techniques--whereas it is a fragile cultural legacy of western Europe's history, upon which rests the ascendancy of modern science as a driver of long-term economic growth. Copyright 2004, Oxford University Press.
M. Gibbons - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Organizing the University–Industry Relationship: A case study of research policy and curriculum restructuring at the North‐West University in South Africa
Tertiary Education and Management, 2008Co-Authors: F. K. Boersma, C. J. Reinecke, M. GibbonsAbstract:A major requirement for transformation contained in the new education policy in South Africa is that the graduate outputs of the higher education system should match the needs of a modernizing economy. This paper addresses the Organizational Aspect of university–industry relationships that is an element of the transformation. In empirical terms, it reflects upon the policy of the North‐West University in South Africa, as embodied by means of the introduction of the Business Mathematics and Informatics (BMI) curriculum and research. Empirical results indicate that the number of students who opted for mathematics had increased dramatically. The majority of graduates delivered by the BMI programme are employed in the financial sector, both nationally and internationally. This paper indicates that the organization of university–industry relationships enforces a difficult institutional balancing act that attempts, on the one hand, to meet the benchmark of international scientific indicators, and on the other h...
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Organizing the University-Industry Relationship: A case study of research policy and curriculum restructuring at the North-West University in South Africa
Tertiary Education and Management, 2008Co-Authors: F. K. Boersma, C. J. Reinecke, M. GibbonsAbstract:A major requirement for transformation contained in the new education policy in South Africa is that the graduate outputs of the higher education system should match the needs of a modernizing economy. This paper addresses the Organizational Aspect of university-industry relationships that is an element of the transformation. In empirical terms, it reflects upon the policy of the North-West University in South Africa, as embodied by means of the introduction of the Business Mathematics and Informatics (BMI) curriculum and research. Empirical results indicate that the number of students who opted for mathematics had increased dramatically. The majority of graduates delivered by the BMI programme are employed in the financial sector, both nationally and internationally. This paper indicates that the organization of university-industry relationships enforces a difficult institutional balancing act that attempts, on the one hand, to meet the benchmark of international scientific indicators, and on the other hand, “fitness for purpose” in the local context.
Helena Halas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Organizational Aspect of trusted legally valid long-term electronic archive solution
WSEAS transactions on information science and applications, 2017Co-Authors: Tomaž Klobučar, Aleksej Jerman-blažič, Jan Porekar, Helena HalasAbstract:Due to increase of electronic business and business process dematerialization organizations are facing today a problem of preserving vast amounts of electronic documents in coherent and trustworthy manner. A large amount of digital documents are produced every day even in small and medium-sized companies. The documents range from simple receipts to complex legal contracts and service level agreements. Many such documents need to be stored and preserved for longer period of time. Some services and technical solutions providing long term proofs of authenticity, integrity and non-repudiation of electronic documents are available on the market today. In order for these technical electronic archiving solutions and services to be successfully adopted by organizations they need to be deployed in a proper operational and Organizational manner. Beside this organization needs to establish required operational procedures and to operate in accordance with them to assure that trusted electronic archive is legally valid. In this paper we present the first set of Organizational approaches that organizations need to utilize in order to successfully integrate the operational and legal Aspects of electronic archiving and to change the business processes accordingly. Following the approach of pattern oriented Organizational design we capture the Organizational trusted archiving solutions and best practices in the form of patterns, providing the context of the problem, the generic solution captured in the form of Organizational diagrams, and preconditions that need to be met by the organization, and dependencies on other patterns axe described. Finally the paper presents implementation of the generic solution to different organizations' contexts and indicates influence of different applications of the pattern to further solution development.
F. K. Boersma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Organizing the University–Industry Relationship: A case study of research policy and curriculum restructuring at the North‐West University in South Africa
Tertiary Education and Management, 2008Co-Authors: F. K. Boersma, C. J. Reinecke, M. GibbonsAbstract:A major requirement for transformation contained in the new education policy in South Africa is that the graduate outputs of the higher education system should match the needs of a modernizing economy. This paper addresses the Organizational Aspect of university–industry relationships that is an element of the transformation. In empirical terms, it reflects upon the policy of the North‐West University in South Africa, as embodied by means of the introduction of the Business Mathematics and Informatics (BMI) curriculum and research. Empirical results indicate that the number of students who opted for mathematics had increased dramatically. The majority of graduates delivered by the BMI programme are employed in the financial sector, both nationally and internationally. This paper indicates that the organization of university–industry relationships enforces a difficult institutional balancing act that attempts, on the one hand, to meet the benchmark of international scientific indicators, and on the other h...
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Organizing the University-Industry Relationship: A case study of research policy and curriculum restructuring at the North-West University in South Africa
Tertiary Education and Management, 2008Co-Authors: F. K. Boersma, C. J. Reinecke, M. GibbonsAbstract:A major requirement for transformation contained in the new education policy in South Africa is that the graduate outputs of the higher education system should match the needs of a modernizing economy. This paper addresses the Organizational Aspect of university-industry relationships that is an element of the transformation. In empirical terms, it reflects upon the policy of the North-West University in South Africa, as embodied by means of the introduction of the Business Mathematics and Informatics (BMI) curriculum and research. Empirical results indicate that the number of students who opted for mathematics had increased dramatically. The majority of graduates delivered by the BMI programme are employed in the financial sector, both nationally and internationally. This paper indicates that the organization of university-industry relationships enforces a difficult institutional balancing act that attempts, on the one hand, to meet the benchmark of international scientific indicators, and on the other hand, “fitness for purpose” in the local context.