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Francis Lazarus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Optimal pants decompositions and shortest homotopic cycles on an Orientable Surface
    Journal of the ACM, 2007
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    We consider the problem of finding a shortest cycle (freely) homotopic to a given simple cycle on a compact, Orientable Surface. For this purpose, we use a pants decomposition of the Surface: a set of disjoint simple cycles that cut the Surface into pairs of pants (spheres with three holes). We solve this problem in a framework where the cycles are closed walks on the vertex-edge graph of a combinatorial Surface that may overlap but do not cross. We give an algorithm that transforms an input pants decomposition into another homotopic pants decomposition that is optimal: each cycle is as short as possible in its homotopy class. As a consequence, finding a shortest cycle homotopic to a given simple cycle amounts to extending the cycle into a pants decomposition and to optimizing it: the resulting pants decomposition contains the desired cycle. We describe two algorithms for extending a cycle to a pants decomposition. All algorithms in this article are polynomial, assuming uniformity of the weights of the vertex-edge graph of the Surface.

  • optimal system of loops on an Orientable Surface
    Discrete and Computational Geometry, 2005
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    Every compact Orientable boundaryless Surface M can be cut along simple loops with a common point v0, pairwise disjoint except at v0, so that the resulting Surface is a topological disk; such a set of loops is called a {\it system of loops} for M. The resulting disk may be viewed as a polygon in which the sides are pairwise identified on the Surface; it is called a polygonal schema. Assuming that M is a combinatorial Surface, and that each edge has a given length, we are interested in a shortest (or optimal) system of loops homotopic to a given one, drawn on the vertex-edge graph of M. We prove that each loop of such an optimal system is a shortest loop among all simple loops in its homotopy class. We give an algorithm to build such a system, which has polynomial running time if the lengths of the edges are uniform. As a byproduct, we get an algorithm with the same running time to compute a shortest simple loop homotopic to a given simple loop.

  • optimal pants decompositions and shortest homotopic cycles on an Orientable Surface
    Graph Drawing, 2003
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    A pants decomposition of a compact Orientable Surface M is a set of disjoint simple cycles which cuts M into pairs of pants, i.e., spheres with three boundaries. Assuming M is a polyhedral Surface, with weighted vertex-edge graph G, we consider combinatorial pants decompositions: the cycles are closed walks in G that may overlap but do not cross.

  • Optimal pants decompositions and shortest homotopic cycles on an Orientable Surface
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2003
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    A pants decomposition of a compact Orientable Surface M is a set of disjoint simple cycles which cuts M into pairs of pants, i.e., spheres with three boundaries. Assuming M is a polyhedral Surface, with weighted vertex-edge graph G, we consider combinatorial pants decompositions: the cycles are closed walks in G that may overlap but do not cross. We give an algorithm which, given a pants decomposition, computes a homotopic pants decomposition in which each cycle is a shortest cycle in its homotopy class. In particular, the resulting decomposition is optimal (as short as possible among all homotopic pants decompositions), and any optimal pants decomposition is made of shortest homotopic cycles. Qur algorithm is polynomial in the complexity of the input and in the longest-to-shortest edge ratio of G. The same algorithm can be applied, given a simple cycle C, to compute a shortest cycle homotopic to C which is itself simple.

  • optimal system of loops on an Orientable Surface
    Foundations of Computer Science, 2002
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    Every compact Orientable boundaryless Surface /spl Mscr/ can be cut along simple loops with a common point /spl upsi//sub 0/, pairwise disjoint except at /spl upsi//sub 0/, so that the resulting Surface is a topological disk; such a set of loops is called a fundamental system of loops for /spl Mscr/. The resulting disk is a polygon in which the edges are pairwise identified on the Surface; it is called a polygonal schema Assuming that /spl Mscr/ is triangulated, and that each edge has a given length, we are interested in a shortest (or optimal) system homotopic to a given one, drawn on the vertex-edge graph of /spl Mscr/. We prove that each loop of such an optimal system is a shortest loop among all simple loops in its homotopy class. We give a polynomial (under some reasonable assumptions) algorithm to build such a system. As a byproduct, we get a polynomial algorithm to compute a shortest simple loop homotopic to a given simple loop.

Éric Colin De Verdière - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • testing graph isotopy on Surfaces
    Discrete and Computational Geometry, 2014
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Arnaud De Mesmay
    Abstract:

    We investigate the following problem: Given two embeddings G 1 and G 2 of the same abstract graph G on an Orientable Surface S, decide whether G 1 and G 2 are isotopic; in other words, whether there exists a continuous family of embeddings between G 1 and G 2.

  • Optimal pants decompositions and shortest homotopic cycles on an Orientable Surface
    Journal of the ACM, 2007
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    We consider the problem of finding a shortest cycle (freely) homotopic to a given simple cycle on a compact, Orientable Surface. For this purpose, we use a pants decomposition of the Surface: a set of disjoint simple cycles that cut the Surface into pairs of pants (spheres with three holes). We solve this problem in a framework where the cycles are closed walks on the vertex-edge graph of a combinatorial Surface that may overlap but do not cross. We give an algorithm that transforms an input pants decomposition into another homotopic pants decomposition that is optimal: each cycle is as short as possible in its homotopy class. As a consequence, finding a shortest cycle homotopic to a given simple cycle amounts to extending the cycle into a pants decomposition and to optimizing it: the resulting pants decomposition contains the desired cycle. We describe two algorithms for extending a cycle to a pants decomposition. All algorithms in this article are polynomial, assuming uniformity of the weights of the vertex-edge graph of the Surface.

  • optimal system of loops on an Orientable Surface
    Discrete and Computational Geometry, 2005
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    Every compact Orientable boundaryless Surface M can be cut along simple loops with a common point v0, pairwise disjoint except at v0, so that the resulting Surface is a topological disk; such a set of loops is called a {\it system of loops} for M. The resulting disk may be viewed as a polygon in which the sides are pairwise identified on the Surface; it is called a polygonal schema. Assuming that M is a combinatorial Surface, and that each edge has a given length, we are interested in a shortest (or optimal) system of loops homotopic to a given one, drawn on the vertex-edge graph of M. We prove that each loop of such an optimal system is a shortest loop among all simple loops in its homotopy class. We give an algorithm to build such a system, which has polynomial running time if the lengths of the edges are uniform. As a byproduct, we get an algorithm with the same running time to compute a shortest simple loop homotopic to a given simple loop.

  • optimal pants decompositions and shortest homotopic cycles on an Orientable Surface
    Graph Drawing, 2003
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    A pants decomposition of a compact Orientable Surface M is a set of disjoint simple cycles which cuts M into pairs of pants, i.e., spheres with three boundaries. Assuming M is a polyhedral Surface, with weighted vertex-edge graph G, we consider combinatorial pants decompositions: the cycles are closed walks in G that may overlap but do not cross.

  • Optimal pants decompositions and shortest homotopic cycles on an Orientable Surface
    Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2003
    Co-Authors: Éric Colin De Verdière, Francis Lazarus
    Abstract:

    A pants decomposition of a compact Orientable Surface M is a set of disjoint simple cycles which cuts M into pairs of pants, i.e., spheres with three boundaries. Assuming M is a polyhedral Surface, with weighted vertex-edge graph G, we consider combinatorial pants decompositions: the cycles are closed walks in G that may overlap but do not cross. We give an algorithm which, given a pants decomposition, computes a homotopic pants decomposition in which each cycle is a shortest cycle in its homotopy class. In particular, the resulting decomposition is optimal (as short as possible among all homotopic pants decompositions), and any optimal pants decomposition is made of shortest homotopic cycles. Qur algorithm is polynomial in the complexity of the input and in the longest-to-shortest edge ratio of G. The same algorithm can be applied, given a simple cycle C, to compute a shortest cycle homotopic to C which is itself simple.

Joanna Kania-bartoszynska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Unicity for representations of the Kauffman bracket skein algebra
    Inventiones mathematicae, 2019
    Co-Authors: Charles Frohman, Joanna Kania-bartoszynska
    Abstract:

    This paper resolves the unicity conjecture of Bonahon and Wong for the Kauffman bracket skein algebras of all oriented finite type Surfaces at all roots of unity. The proof is a consequence of a general unicity theorem that says that the irreducible representations of a prime affine k -algebra over an algebraically closed field k , that is finitely generated as a module over its center, are generically classified by their central characters. The center of the Kauffman bracket skein algebra of any Orientable Surface at any root of unity is characterized, and it is proved that the skein algebra is finitely generated as a module over its center. It is shown that for any Orientable Surface the center of the skein algebra at any root of unity is the coordinate ring of an affine algebraic variety.

Ramanujan Santharoubane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quotients of Surface groups and homology of finite covers via quantum representations
    Inventiones mathematicae, 2016
    Co-Authors: Thomas Koberda, Ramanujan Santharoubane
    Abstract:

    We prove that for each sufficiently complicated Orientable Surface S , there exists an infinite image linear representation $$\rho $$ ρ of $$\pi _1(S)$$ π 1 ( S ) such that if $$\gamma \in \pi _1(S)$$ γ ∈ π 1 ( S ) is freely homotopic to a simple closed curve on S , then $$\rho (\gamma )$$ ρ ( γ ) has finite order. Furthermore, we prove that given a sufficiently complicated Orientable Surface S , there exists a regular finite cover $$S'\rightarrow S$$ S ′ → S such that $$H_1(S',\mathbb {Z})$$ H 1 ( S ′ , Z ) is not generated by lifts of simple closed curves on S , and we give a lower bound estimate on the index of the subgroup generated by lifts of simple closed curves. We thus answer two questions posed by Looijenga, and independently by Kent, Kisin, Marché, and McMullen. The construction of these representations and covers relies on quantum $$\text {SO}(3)$$ SO ( 3 ) representations of mapping class groups.

Ryoma Kobayashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.