The Experts below are selected from a list of 9597 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pritu Pratibha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a raf snrk2 kinase cascade mediates early osmotic stress signaling in higher plants
Nature Communications, 2020Co-Authors: Zhengjing Zhang, Yanyan Du, Yubei Wang, Viswanathan Satheesh, Pritu Pratibha, Tian Sang, Yang Zhao, Yuan Li, Chunpeng SongAbstract:Osmoregulation is important for plant growth, development and response to environmental changes. SNF1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are central components in osmotic stress and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways; however, the upstream components required for SnRK2 activation and early osmotic stress signaling are still unknown. Here, we report a critical role for B2, B3 and B4 subfamilies of Raf-like kinases (RAFs) in early osmotic stress as well as ABA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. B2, B3 and B4 RAFs are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are required for phosphorylation and activation of SnRK2s. Analyses of high-order mutants of RAFs reveal critical roles of the RAFs in osmotic stress tolerance and ABA responses as well as in growth and development. Our findings uncover a kinase cascade mediating Osmoregulation in higher plants. Rapid activation of SnRK2 kinases is central to plant responses to osmotic stress and abscisic acid. Here the authors show that a group of Raf-like kinases are very quickly activated by osmotic stress, and then phosphorylate and activate SnRK2s.
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a raf snrk2 kinase cascade mediates early osmotic stress signaling in higher plants
Nature Communications, 2020Co-Authors: Zhen Lin, Zhengjing Zhang, Yubei Wang, Viswanathan Satheesh, Tian Sang, Xiaolei Liu, Chuanchih Hsu, Chen Zhu, Pritu PratibhaAbstract:Osmoregulation is important for plant growth, development and response to environmental changes. SNF1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are central components in osmotic stress and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways; however, the upstream components required for SnRK2 activation and early osmotic stress signaling are still unknown. Here, we report a critical role for B2, B3 and B4 subfamilies of Raf-like kinases (RAFs) in early osmotic stress as well as ABA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. B2, B3 and B4 RAFs are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are required for phosphorylation and activation of SnRK2s. Analyses of high-order mutants of RAFs reveal critical roles of the RAFs in osmotic stress tolerance and ABA responses as well as in growth and development. Our findings uncover a kinase cascade mediating Osmoregulation in higher plants.
Klaus Anger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ontogeny of Osmoregulation, physiological plasticity and larval export strategy in the grapsid crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Crustacea, Decapoda).
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2002Co-Authors: Guy Charmantier, Mireille Charmantier-daures, Luis Giménez, Klaus AngerAbstract:The grapsid crab Chasmagnathus granulata populates brackish-water lagoons and other estuarine environments. In its reproduction, this species follows a strategy of larval export, i.e. its larvae live under different salinity conditions from the juveniles and adults. In the present experi- mental investigation, ontogenetic changes in the capability for Osmoregulation were studied in all 4 zoeal stages, the megalopa, the juvenile crab instars I, II and IV, and adults (all reared in seawater, 32‰). Moreover, we studied effects of embryonic and larval acclimation on Osmoregulation. The zoea I larvae were slight hyper-regulators at low salinities (10 to 17‰) and hyper-osmoconformers at higher salinities. Stages II to IV zoeae were generally hyper-osmoconformers. At metamorphosis to the megalopa, the type of Osmoregulation changed to hyper-hypo-regulation. The osmoregulatory capacities under both hypo- and hypersaline conditions increased strongly in the crab I and through- out later juvenile development. These patterns in Osmoregulation match the ontogenetic changes that typically occur in the ecology of C. granulata: the zoea I hatches in brackish estuarine waters, where the juveniles and adults live, before it is exported to coastal marine zones. This initial larval stage is euryhaline and capable of hyper-Osmoregulation at low salinities. The same capabilities were observed in the megalopa, which re-invades the brackish adult environment. This stage is known to settle in semiterrestrial habitats near the adult burrows, where both brackish and hypersaline condi- tions are likely to occur; this coincides with the first ontogenetic appearance of the hyper-hypo- Osmoregulation pattern. The zoeal stages II, III and IV, in contrast, develop in the adjacent sea, where the salinity is higher and more stable. Correspondingly, these intermediate larval stages were found to be stenohaline osmoconformers. Preceding exposure of the eggs and larvae to a reduced salinity (20‰) enhanced the hyper-osmoregulatory capacity at low salinities (5 to 10‰) in all zoeal stages. This indicates an effect of non-genetic acclimation and, hence, phenotypic plasticity. This trait should have an adaptive value, as it increases the chance of larval survival, at least in the initial larval stage, which is in the field exposed to highly variable, mostly reduced salinities.
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effects of salinity on larval and early juvenile growth of an extremely euryhaline crab species armases miersii decapoda grapsidae
Hydrobiologia, 2000Co-Authors: Klaus Anger, Kim Riesebeck, Cornelia PuschelAbstract:The neotropical crab Armases miersii (Rathbun, 1897) breeds in supratidal rock pools, where great salinity variations occur. In laboratory experiments, all larval stages and the first juveniles were reared at six different salinities (5-55 PSU, intervals of 10 PSU). In five series of experiments, exposure to these conditions began either from hatching (Zoea I) or from the onset of successively later stages (Zoea II, III, Megalopa, Crab I). Growth was measured in terms of dry weight, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen content. At osmotically extreme conditions (5 and 55 PSU, resp.), all stages showed minimum biomass accumulation; this was consistent with maximum mortality and longest duration of development (data presented in a separate paper). Successively later exposure to these salinities tended to reduce these effects. Lowest mortality and shortest time of development occurred generally at 15-25 PSU, indicating an optimum at moderately reduced salinities. This response pattern, however, was not congruent with that observed in growth. Biomass accumulation was initially maximum within a wide range of salinities (15-45 PSU), but in the Zoea II and III stages, this range tended to narrow and to shift towards higher salinities (35-45 PSU). These trends reversed in the Megalopa and Crab I, where maximum growth occurred again in a wider range and at lower salinities (15-35 PSU). The reduction of zoeal growth in moderately dilute media (15-25 PSU), which were optimal for survival and development, is interpreted as an energetic cost of hyper-Osmoregulation, which begins already at hatching. Five PSU caused hypo-osmotic stress, exceeding in the long term the larval capacity for hyper-regulation. Poor zoeal survival and growth at 55 PSU are interpreted as effects of hyper-osmotic stress. In the Megalopa and Crab I, reduced growth at salinities ≥35 PSU may reflect the energetic costs of hypo-osmoreguation beginning in these stages. Our data suggest that the physiological adaptations of larval and early juvenile A. miersii allowing for survival and development in a physically harsh and unpredictable habitat imply a trade-off with reduced growth, due to energetic costs of Osmoregulation.
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ontogeny of Osmoregulation in the palaemonid shrimp palaemonetes argentinus crustacea decapoda
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1999Co-Authors: Guy Charmantier, Klaus AngerAbstract:Osmoregulation was studied in the zoeal stages I and VI, the first decapodid, the first juvenile, and in adults of the palaemonid shrimp Palaemonetes argentinus. The larvae hatch in freshwater creeks or in adjacent brackish coastal lagoons of the warm temperate southwestern coast of the Atlantic Ocean; larval development is possible in low salinities. To cope with these demanding environments, the capacity for Osmoregulation is well developed at hatching, increasing only slightly throughout development. All the postembryonic developmental stages hyper-regulated at low salinity (1 to 10 parts per thousand), hyper-osmoconformed at 17 parts per thousand, and osmoconformed at higher salinities (26 parts per thousand; up to 32 parts per thousand in adults). The type of Osmoregulation did not change during development from larval hatching through the adult phase. The ecological implications and the evolutionary significance of Osmoregulation in early life- history stages of P, argentinus and other aquatic crustaceans are discussed.
Yuan Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a raf snrk2 kinase cascade mediates early osmotic stress signaling in higher plants
Nature Communications, 2020Co-Authors: Zhengjing Zhang, Yanyan Du, Yubei Wang, Viswanathan Satheesh, Pritu Pratibha, Tian Sang, Yang Zhao, Yuan Li, Chunpeng SongAbstract:Osmoregulation is important for plant growth, development and response to environmental changes. SNF1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are central components in osmotic stress and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways; however, the upstream components required for SnRK2 activation and early osmotic stress signaling are still unknown. Here, we report a critical role for B2, B3 and B4 subfamilies of Raf-like kinases (RAFs) in early osmotic stress as well as ABA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. B2, B3 and B4 RAFs are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are required for phosphorylation and activation of SnRK2s. Analyses of high-order mutants of RAFs reveal critical roles of the RAFs in osmotic stress tolerance and ABA responses as well as in growth and development. Our findings uncover a kinase cascade mediating Osmoregulation in higher plants. Rapid activation of SnRK2 kinases is central to plant responses to osmotic stress and abscisic acid. Here the authors show that a group of Raf-like kinases are very quickly activated by osmotic stress, and then phosphorylate and activate SnRK2s.
Guy Charmantier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ontogeny of Osmoregulation in the Pacific blue shrimp, Litopenaeus stylirostris (Decapoda, Penaeidae): Deciphering the role of the Na+/K+-ATPase
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2016Co-Authors: Dominique Pham, Guy Charmantier, Viviane Boulo, Nelly Wabete, Dominique Ansquer, Clément Dauga, Evelyse Grousset, Yannick Labreuche, Mireille Charmantier-dauresAbstract:The role of the main ion transporting enzyme Na +/K +-ATPase in Osmoregulation processes was investigated in Litopenaeus stylirostris. The development and localization of the Osmoregulation sites were studied during ontogenesis by immunodetection of Na+ K+-ATPase using monoclonal antibodies and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Osmoregulation sites were identified as the pleurae and branchiostegites in the zoeae and mysis stages. In the subsequent post-metamorphic stages the osmoregulatory function was mainly located in the epipodites and branchiostegites and osmotic regulation was later detected in the gills. The presence of ionocytes and microvilli in these tissues confirmed their role in ionic processes. The complete open reading frame of the mRNA coding for the α-subunit of Na + K +-ATPase was characterized in L. stylirostris. The resulting 3092-bp cDNA (LsNKA) encodes a putative 1011-amino-acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 112.3 kDa. The inferred amino acid sequence revealed that the putative protein possesses the main structural characteristics of the Na + K +-ATPase α-subunits. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses indicated that LsNKA transcripts did not significantly vary between the different developmental stages. The number of transcripts was about 2.5-fold higher in the epipodites and gills than in any other tissues tested in juveniles. A reverse genetic approach was finally implemented to study the role of LsNKA in vivo. Knockdown of LsNKA expression by gene-specific dsRNA injection led to an increase of shrimp mortality following an abrupt salinity change compared to control animals. These data strongly suggest that LsNKA plays an important role in Osmoregulation when the shrimp are challenged by changing salinities.
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immunolocalization of na k atpase in the branchial cavity during the early development of the crayfish astacus leptodactylus crustacea decapoda
arXiv: Populations and Evolution, 2006Co-Authors: Jeanherve Lignot, M Charmantierdaures, Gregorius Nugroho Susanto, Guy CharmantierAbstract:The ontogeny of Osmoregulation was examined in the branchial cavity of embryonic and early post-embryonic stages of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus maintained in freshwater, at the sub-cellular level through the detection of the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na(+),K(+)-ATPase). The embryonic rate of development was calculated according to the eye index (EI) which was 430-450 microm at hatching. The distribution of the enzyme was identified by immunofluorescence microscopy using a monoclonal antibody IgGalpha5 raised against the avian alpha-subunit of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. Immunoreactivity staining, indicating the presence of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase appeared in the gills of late embryos (EI>/=400 microm), i.e. a few days before hatching time, and steadily increased throughout the late embryonic and early post-embryonic development. The appearance of the enzyme correlates with the ability to osmoregulate which also occurs late in the embryonic development at EI 410-420 microm and with tissue differentiation within the gill filaments. These observations indicate that the physiological shift from osmoconforming embryos to hyper-regulating late embryos and post-hatching stages in freshwater must originate partly from the differentiation in the gill epithelia of ionocytes which are the site of ion pumping, as suggested by the location of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. Only the gills were immunostained and a lack of specific staining was noted in the lamina and the branchiostegites. Therefore, Osmoregulation through Na(+)active uptake is likely achieved in embryos at the gill level; all the newly formed gills in embryos function in ion regulation; other parts of the branchial chamber such as the branchiostegites and lamina do not appear to be involved in Osmoregulation.
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Ontogeny of Osmoregulation, physiological plasticity and larval export strategy in the grapsid crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Crustacea, Decapoda).
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2002Co-Authors: Guy Charmantier, Mireille Charmantier-daures, Luis Giménez, Klaus AngerAbstract:The grapsid crab Chasmagnathus granulata populates brackish-water lagoons and other estuarine environments. In its reproduction, this species follows a strategy of larval export, i.e. its larvae live under different salinity conditions from the juveniles and adults. In the present experi- mental investigation, ontogenetic changes in the capability for Osmoregulation were studied in all 4 zoeal stages, the megalopa, the juvenile crab instars I, II and IV, and adults (all reared in seawater, 32‰). Moreover, we studied effects of embryonic and larval acclimation on Osmoregulation. The zoea I larvae were slight hyper-regulators at low salinities (10 to 17‰) and hyper-osmoconformers at higher salinities. Stages II to IV zoeae were generally hyper-osmoconformers. At metamorphosis to the megalopa, the type of Osmoregulation changed to hyper-hypo-regulation. The osmoregulatory capacities under both hypo- and hypersaline conditions increased strongly in the crab I and through- out later juvenile development. These patterns in Osmoregulation match the ontogenetic changes that typically occur in the ecology of C. granulata: the zoea I hatches in brackish estuarine waters, where the juveniles and adults live, before it is exported to coastal marine zones. This initial larval stage is euryhaline and capable of hyper-Osmoregulation at low salinities. The same capabilities were observed in the megalopa, which re-invades the brackish adult environment. This stage is known to settle in semiterrestrial habitats near the adult burrows, where both brackish and hypersaline condi- tions are likely to occur; this coincides with the first ontogenetic appearance of the hyper-hypo- Osmoregulation pattern. The zoeal stages II, III and IV, in contrast, develop in the adjacent sea, where the salinity is higher and more stable. Correspondingly, these intermediate larval stages were found to be stenohaline osmoconformers. Preceding exposure of the eggs and larvae to a reduced salinity (20‰) enhanced the hyper-osmoregulatory capacity at low salinities (5 to 10‰) in all zoeal stages. This indicates an effect of non-genetic acclimation and, hence, phenotypic plasticity. This trait should have an adaptive value, as it increases the chance of larval survival, at least in the initial larval stage, which is in the field exposed to highly variable, mostly reduced salinities.
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ontogeny of Osmoregulation in the palaemonid shrimp palaemonetes argentinus crustacea decapoda
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1999Co-Authors: Guy Charmantier, Klaus AngerAbstract:Osmoregulation was studied in the zoeal stages I and VI, the first decapodid, the first juvenile, and in adults of the palaemonid shrimp Palaemonetes argentinus. The larvae hatch in freshwater creeks or in adjacent brackish coastal lagoons of the warm temperate southwestern coast of the Atlantic Ocean; larval development is possible in low salinities. To cope with these demanding environments, the capacity for Osmoregulation is well developed at hatching, increasing only slightly throughout development. All the postembryonic developmental stages hyper-regulated at low salinity (1 to 10 parts per thousand), hyper-osmoconformed at 17 parts per thousand, and osmoconformed at higher salinities (26 parts per thousand; up to 32 parts per thousand in adults). The type of Osmoregulation did not change during development from larval hatching through the adult phase. The ecological implications and the evolutionary significance of Osmoregulation in early life- history stages of P, argentinus and other aquatic crustaceans are discussed.
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involvement of eyestalk factors in the neuroendocrine control of Osmoregulation in adult american lobster homarus americanus
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 1994Co-Authors: M Charmantierdaures, Guy Charmantier, K P C Janssen, D E Aiken, F Van HerpAbstract:Osmoregulatory capacity (OC) decreased by approximately 50% after eyestalk ablation in adult Homarus americanus when in dilute media. OC was used to assay sinus gland extracts. Injection of total extracts and of some HPLC-separated fractions of sinus glands into destalked lobsters increased OC. One of the described crustacean hyperglycemic hormone isoforms influences Osmoregulation. Another fraction of the sinus gland extracts modifies Osmoregulation but its nature remains unknown. Variations in OC were examined in response to ecdysterone, Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2, and atrial natriuretic factor but effects were minimal.
Chunpeng Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a raf snrk2 kinase cascade mediates early osmotic stress signaling in higher plants
Nature Communications, 2020Co-Authors: Zhengjing Zhang, Yanyan Du, Yubei Wang, Viswanathan Satheesh, Pritu Pratibha, Tian Sang, Yang Zhao, Yuan Li, Chunpeng SongAbstract:Osmoregulation is important for plant growth, development and response to environmental changes. SNF1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are central components in osmotic stress and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways; however, the upstream components required for SnRK2 activation and early osmotic stress signaling are still unknown. Here, we report a critical role for B2, B3 and B4 subfamilies of Raf-like kinases (RAFs) in early osmotic stress as well as ABA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. B2, B3 and B4 RAFs are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are required for phosphorylation and activation of SnRK2s. Analyses of high-order mutants of RAFs reveal critical roles of the RAFs in osmotic stress tolerance and ABA responses as well as in growth and development. Our findings uncover a kinase cascade mediating Osmoregulation in higher plants. Rapid activation of SnRK2 kinases is central to plant responses to osmotic stress and abscisic acid. Here the authors show that a group of Raf-like kinases are very quickly activated by osmotic stress, and then phosphorylate and activate SnRK2s.