The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Isabelle Arzul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Contribution of in Vivo Experimental Challenges to Understanding Flat Oyster Ostrea edulis Resistance to Bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Barthelemy Chollet, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in European flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analyzed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analyzed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to those shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD, and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity which might be a protection against the parasite infection. The expression of OeIAP and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post-injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared to be significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post-injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
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contribution of in vivo experimental challenges to understanding flat Oyster ostrea edulis resistance to bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Bruno Chollet, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analysed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analysed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to genes shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls, phagocytosis allow parasite degradation, but it also contribute to spreading of B. ostreae infection. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity might be a solution against the parasite infection. The expression of the OeIAP gene and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
Benjamin Morga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Proteomics of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 and Pacific Oyster Interactions With Two Families Exhibiting Contrasted Susceptibility to Viral Infection
Frontiers in Immunology, 2021Co-Authors: Maxime Leprêtre, Tristan Renault, Nicole Faury, Lionel Degrémont, Amélie Segarra, Stéphane Claverol, Mélissa Palos-ladeiro, Jean Armengaud, Benjamin MorgaAbstract:Massive mortality outbreaks affecting Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) spat/juveniles are often associated with the detection of a herpesvirus called ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1). In this work, experimental infection trials of C. gigas spat with OsHV-1 were conducted using two contrasted Pacific Oyster families for their susceptibility to viral infection. Live Oysters were sampled at 12, 26, and 144 h post infection (hpi) to analyze host-pathogen interactions using comparative proteomics. Shotgun proteomics allowed the detection of seven viral proteins in infected Oysters, some of them with potential immunomodulatoy functions. Viral proteins were mainly detected in susceptible Oysters sampled at 26 hpi, which correlates with the mortality and viral load observed in this Oyster family. Concerning the Pacific Oyster proteome, more than 3,000 proteins were identified and contrasted proteomic responses were observed between infected A- and P-Oysters, sampled at different post-injection times. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis performed on significantly modulated proteins uncover the main immune processes (such as RNA interference, interferon-like pathway, antioxidant defense) which contribute to the defense and resistance of Pacific Oysters to viral infection. In the more susceptible Pacific Oysters, results suggest that OsHV-1 manipulate the molecular machinery of host immune response, in particular the autophagy system. This immunomodulation may lead to weakening and consecutively triggering death of Pacific Oysters. The identification of several highly modulated and defense-related Pacific Oyster proteins from the most resistant Oysters supports the crucial role played by the innate immune system against OsHV-1 and the viral infection. Our results confirm the implication of proteins involved in an interferon-like pathway for efficient antiviral defenses and suggest that proteins involved in RNA interference process prevent viral replication in C. gigas. Overall, this study shows the interest of multi-omic approaches applied on groups of animals with differing sensitivities and provides novel insight into the interaction between Pacific Oyster and OsHV-1 with key proteins involved in viral infection resistance.
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Contribution of in Vivo Experimental Challenges to Understanding Flat Oyster Ostrea edulis Resistance to Bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Barthelemy Chollet, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in European flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analyzed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analyzed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to those shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD, and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity which might be a protection against the parasite infection. The expression of OeIAP and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post-injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared to be significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post-injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
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contribution of in vivo experimental challenges to understanding flat Oyster ostrea edulis resistance to bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Bruno Chollet, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analysed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analysed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to genes shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls, phagocytosis allow parasite degradation, but it also contribute to spreading of B. ostreae infection. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity might be a solution against the parasite infection. The expression of the OeIAP gene and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
Nicole Faury - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Proteomics of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 and Pacific Oyster Interactions With Two Families Exhibiting Contrasted Susceptibility to Viral Infection
Frontiers in Immunology, 2021Co-Authors: Maxime Leprêtre, Tristan Renault, Nicole Faury, Lionel Degrémont, Amélie Segarra, Stéphane Claverol, Mélissa Palos-ladeiro, Jean Armengaud, Benjamin MorgaAbstract:Massive mortality outbreaks affecting Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) spat/juveniles are often associated with the detection of a herpesvirus called ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1). In this work, experimental infection trials of C. gigas spat with OsHV-1 were conducted using two contrasted Pacific Oyster families for their susceptibility to viral infection. Live Oysters were sampled at 12, 26, and 144 h post infection (hpi) to analyze host-pathogen interactions using comparative proteomics. Shotgun proteomics allowed the detection of seven viral proteins in infected Oysters, some of them with potential immunomodulatoy functions. Viral proteins were mainly detected in susceptible Oysters sampled at 26 hpi, which correlates with the mortality and viral load observed in this Oyster family. Concerning the Pacific Oyster proteome, more than 3,000 proteins were identified and contrasted proteomic responses were observed between infected A- and P-Oysters, sampled at different post-injection times. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis performed on significantly modulated proteins uncover the main immune processes (such as RNA interference, interferon-like pathway, antioxidant defense) which contribute to the defense and resistance of Pacific Oysters to viral infection. In the more susceptible Pacific Oysters, results suggest that OsHV-1 manipulate the molecular machinery of host immune response, in particular the autophagy system. This immunomodulation may lead to weakening and consecutively triggering death of Pacific Oysters. The identification of several highly modulated and defense-related Pacific Oyster proteins from the most resistant Oysters supports the crucial role played by the innate immune system against OsHV-1 and the viral infection. Our results confirm the implication of proteins involved in an interferon-like pathway for efficient antiviral defenses and suggest that proteins involved in RNA interference process prevent viral replication in C. gigas. Overall, this study shows the interest of multi-omic approaches applied on groups of animals with differing sensitivities and provides novel insight into the interaction between Pacific Oyster and OsHV-1 with key proteins involved in viral infection resistance.
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Contribution of in Vivo Experimental Challenges to Understanding Flat Oyster Ostrea edulis Resistance to Bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Barthelemy Chollet, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in European flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analyzed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analyzed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to those shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD, and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity which might be a protection against the parasite infection. The expression of OeIAP and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post-injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared to be significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post-injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
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contribution of in vivo experimental challenges to understanding flat Oyster ostrea edulis resistance to bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Bruno Chollet, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analysed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analysed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to genes shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls, phagocytosis allow parasite degradation, but it also contribute to spreading of B. ostreae infection. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity might be a solution against the parasite infection. The expression of the OeIAP gene and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
Tristan Renault - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Proteomics of Ostreid Herpesvirus 1 and Pacific Oyster Interactions With Two Families Exhibiting Contrasted Susceptibility to Viral Infection
Frontiers in Immunology, 2021Co-Authors: Maxime Leprêtre, Tristan Renault, Nicole Faury, Lionel Degrémont, Amélie Segarra, Stéphane Claverol, Mélissa Palos-ladeiro, Jean Armengaud, Benjamin MorgaAbstract:Massive mortality outbreaks affecting Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) spat/juveniles are often associated with the detection of a herpesvirus called ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1). In this work, experimental infection trials of C. gigas spat with OsHV-1 were conducted using two contrasted Pacific Oyster families for their susceptibility to viral infection. Live Oysters were sampled at 12, 26, and 144 h post infection (hpi) to analyze host-pathogen interactions using comparative proteomics. Shotgun proteomics allowed the detection of seven viral proteins in infected Oysters, some of them with potential immunomodulatoy functions. Viral proteins were mainly detected in susceptible Oysters sampled at 26 hpi, which correlates with the mortality and viral load observed in this Oyster family. Concerning the Pacific Oyster proteome, more than 3,000 proteins were identified and contrasted proteomic responses were observed between infected A- and P-Oysters, sampled at different post-injection times. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis performed on significantly modulated proteins uncover the main immune processes (such as RNA interference, interferon-like pathway, antioxidant defense) which contribute to the defense and resistance of Pacific Oysters to viral infection. In the more susceptible Pacific Oysters, results suggest that OsHV-1 manipulate the molecular machinery of host immune response, in particular the autophagy system. This immunomodulation may lead to weakening and consecutively triggering death of Pacific Oysters. The identification of several highly modulated and defense-related Pacific Oyster proteins from the most resistant Oysters supports the crucial role played by the innate immune system against OsHV-1 and the viral infection. Our results confirm the implication of proteins involved in an interferon-like pathway for efficient antiviral defenses and suggest that proteins involved in RNA interference process prevent viral replication in C. gigas. Overall, this study shows the interest of multi-omic approaches applied on groups of animals with differing sensitivities and provides novel insight into the interaction between Pacific Oyster and OsHV-1 with key proteins involved in viral infection resistance.
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Contribution of in Vivo Experimental Challenges to Understanding Flat Oyster Ostrea edulis Resistance to Bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Barthelemy Chollet, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in European flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analyzed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analyzed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to those shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD, and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity which might be a protection against the parasite infection. The expression of OeIAP and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post-injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared to be significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post-injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
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contribution of in vivo experimental challenges to understanding flat Oyster ostrea edulis resistance to bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Bruno Chollet, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analysed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analysed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to genes shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls, phagocytosis allow parasite degradation, but it also contribute to spreading of B. ostreae infection. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity might be a solution against the parasite infection. The expression of the OeIAP gene and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
Jean-pierre Joly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Contribution of in Vivo Experimental Challenges to Understanding Flat Oyster Ostrea edulis Resistance to Bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Barthelemy Chollet, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in European flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analyzed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analyzed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to those shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD, and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity which might be a protection against the parasite infection. The expression of OeIAP and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post-injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared to be significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post-injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
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contribution of in vivo experimental challenges to understanding flat Oyster ostrea edulis resistance to bonamia ostreae
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Benjamin Morga, Tristan Renault, Sophie Lerond, Estelle Harrang, Nicole Faury, Sylvie Lapegue, Céline Garcia, Bruno Chollet, Jean-pierre Joly, Isabelle ArzulAbstract:Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae has been associated with massive mortality outbreaks in flat Oyster stocks in Europe. As eradication and treatment are not possible, the control of the disease mainly relies on transfer restriction. Moreover, selection has been applied to produce resistant flat Oyster families, which present better survival and lower prevalence than non-selected Oysters. In order to better understand mechanisms involved in resistance to bonamiosis, cellular and molecular responses of 2 Oyster groups (selected Oysters and wild-type Oysters) were analysed in the context of experimental injection and cohabitation infections. Cellular responses including non-specific esterases detection, ROS production and phagocytosis activity were analysed by flow cytometry. Four genes homologous to genes shown to be involved in immunity were selected (Inhibitor of apotosis OeIAP, Fas ligand OeFas-ligand, Oe-SOD and OeEc-SOD) and monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Infected Oysters showed higher phagocytosis activity than controls, phagocytosis allow parasite degradation, but it also contribute to spreading of B. ostreae infection. Infected selected Oyster show a lower phagocytosis activity might be a solution against the parasite infection. The expression of the OeIAP gene and OeFas-ligand gene was significantly increased in selected Oysters at 5 days post injection. OeIAP gene expression appeared significantly increased in wild-type Oysters at 8 days post injection. Our results suggest that resistance to bonamiosis partly relies on the ability of the Oysters to modulate apoptosis.
