The Experts below are selected from a list of 189 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mark Piney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isocyanate exposure control in motor vehicle Paint Spraying evidence from biological monitoring
Chemical Hazards in Industry, 2013Co-Authors: K Jones, John Cocker, Mark PineyAbstract:The purpose of this work was to assess the changes in control of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate based Paints used in vehicle Spraying after a Health & Safety Executive (HSE) national project. Paint sprayers and managers from motor vehicle repair (MVR) bodyshops across the UK, were invited to one of 32 Safety and Health Awareness Days (SHADs) to increase their understanding of the hazards, and practical ways of controlling of exposure to isocyanate based Paints. Exposure measurement based on biological monitoring was offered, free of charge, to each of the roughly 4000 participants and used to assess the effectiveness of controls and methods of working. Results are compared with pre and post SHAD measurements. Urine samples were received from 995 Paint sprayers. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) levels in urine, indicative of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), were significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p<0.0001) than had been seen in a wider population from previous HSE inspections and routine sampling. Where a sprayer's urinary HDA was above the quantification limit they were asked to send another sample after reviewing and improving exposure control measures. The results from these repeat samples were significantly lower than the original results. There was no difference in the exposures of sprayers using air-fed half-mask face-pieces compared with visor type air-fed breathing apparatus, or between spray booths and rooms. The analysis of HDA in urine is a useful technique for assessing exposure to isocyanates in Paint sprayers. The simplicity of this approach has allowed wide-scale use of biological monitoring in an industry dominated by small and micro businesses. Biological monitoring of exposure has enabled individual companies, and sprayers, to check that their control measures are working.This study showed overall lower levels of HDA in Paint sprayers following SHADs. These lower levels have been maintained across a wider population of UK Paint sprayers over the succeeding years. Whilst there may be many reasons for the reduction in exposure, the weight of evidence suggests that the key messages about exposure control measures, delivered through the SHADs and other means, were influential.
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isocyanate exposure control in motor vehicle Paint Spraying evidence from biological monitoring
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2013Co-Authors: K Jones, John Cocker, Mark PineyAbstract:Aims: The purpose of this work was to assess the changes in control of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate based Paints used in vehicle Spraying after a Health & safety Executive (HsE) national project. Methods: Paint sprayers and managers from motor vehicle repair (MVr) bodyshops across the UK, were invited to one of 32 safety and Health Awareness Days (sHADs) to increase their understanding of the hazards, and practical ways of controlling of exposure to isocyanate based Paints. Exposure measurement based on biological monitoring was offered, free of charge, to each of the roughly 4000 participants and used to assess the effectiveness of controls and methods of working. results are compared with pre and post sHAD measurements. results: Urine samples were received from 995 Paint sprayers. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) levels in urine, indicative of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), were significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p<0.0001) than had been seen in a wider population from previous HsE inspections and routine sampling. Where a sprayer’s urinary HDA was above the quantification limit they were asked to send another sample after reviewing and improving exposure control measures. The results from these repeat samples were significantly lower than the original results. There was no difference in the exposures of sprayers using air-fed half-mask face-pieces compared with visor type air-fed breathing apparatus, or between spray booths and rooms. Conclusions: The analysis of HDA in urine is a useful technique for assessing exposure to isocyanates in Paint sprayers. The simplicity of this approach has allowed wide-scale use of biological monitoring in an industry dominated by small and micro businesses. Biological monitoring of exposure has enabled individual companies, and sprayers, to check that their control measures are working. This study showed overall lower levels of HDA in Paint sprayers following sHADs. These lower levels have been maintained across a wider population of UK Paint sprayers over the succeeding years. Whilst there may be many reasons for the reduction in exposure, the weight of evidence suggests that the key messages about exposure control measures, delivered through the sHADs and other means, were influential.
K Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isocyanate exposure control in motor vehicle Paint Spraying evidence from biological monitoring
Chemical Hazards in Industry, 2013Co-Authors: K Jones, John Cocker, Mark PineyAbstract:The purpose of this work was to assess the changes in control of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate based Paints used in vehicle Spraying after a Health & Safety Executive (HSE) national project. Paint sprayers and managers from motor vehicle repair (MVR) bodyshops across the UK, were invited to one of 32 Safety and Health Awareness Days (SHADs) to increase their understanding of the hazards, and practical ways of controlling of exposure to isocyanate based Paints. Exposure measurement based on biological monitoring was offered, free of charge, to each of the roughly 4000 participants and used to assess the effectiveness of controls and methods of working. Results are compared with pre and post SHAD measurements. Urine samples were received from 995 Paint sprayers. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) levels in urine, indicative of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), were significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p<0.0001) than had been seen in a wider population from previous HSE inspections and routine sampling. Where a sprayer's urinary HDA was above the quantification limit they were asked to send another sample after reviewing and improving exposure control measures. The results from these repeat samples were significantly lower than the original results. There was no difference in the exposures of sprayers using air-fed half-mask face-pieces compared with visor type air-fed breathing apparatus, or between spray booths and rooms. The analysis of HDA in urine is a useful technique for assessing exposure to isocyanates in Paint sprayers. The simplicity of this approach has allowed wide-scale use of biological monitoring in an industry dominated by small and micro businesses. Biological monitoring of exposure has enabled individual companies, and sprayers, to check that their control measures are working.This study showed overall lower levels of HDA in Paint sprayers following SHADs. These lower levels have been maintained across a wider population of UK Paint sprayers over the succeeding years. Whilst there may be many reasons for the reduction in exposure, the weight of evidence suggests that the key messages about exposure control measures, delivered through the SHADs and other means, were influential.
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isocyanate exposure control in motor vehicle Paint Spraying evidence from biological monitoring
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2013Co-Authors: K Jones, John Cocker, Mark PineyAbstract:Aims: The purpose of this work was to assess the changes in control of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate based Paints used in vehicle Spraying after a Health & safety Executive (HsE) national project. Methods: Paint sprayers and managers from motor vehicle repair (MVr) bodyshops across the UK, were invited to one of 32 safety and Health Awareness Days (sHADs) to increase their understanding of the hazards, and practical ways of controlling of exposure to isocyanate based Paints. Exposure measurement based on biological monitoring was offered, free of charge, to each of the roughly 4000 participants and used to assess the effectiveness of controls and methods of working. results are compared with pre and post sHAD measurements. results: Urine samples were received from 995 Paint sprayers. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) levels in urine, indicative of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), were significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p<0.0001) than had been seen in a wider population from previous HsE inspections and routine sampling. Where a sprayer’s urinary HDA was above the quantification limit they were asked to send another sample after reviewing and improving exposure control measures. The results from these repeat samples were significantly lower than the original results. There was no difference in the exposures of sprayers using air-fed half-mask face-pieces compared with visor type air-fed breathing apparatus, or between spray booths and rooms. Conclusions: The analysis of HDA in urine is a useful technique for assessing exposure to isocyanates in Paint sprayers. The simplicity of this approach has allowed wide-scale use of biological monitoring in an industry dominated by small and micro businesses. Biological monitoring of exposure has enabled individual companies, and sprayers, to check that their control measures are working. This study showed overall lower levels of HDA in Paint sprayers following sHADs. These lower levels have been maintained across a wider population of UK Paint sprayers over the succeeding years. Whilst there may be many reasons for the reduction in exposure, the weight of evidence suggests that the key messages about exposure control measures, delivered through the sHADs and other means, were influential.
Penazzi Luc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Digital Image Correlation method for monitoring tensile tests at high temperature. Part 1: comparing the speckle quality produced by various methods at high temperature
HAL CCSD, 2019Co-Authors: Luong, Linh Phuong, Bonnaire Rébecca, Périé Jean-noël, Sirvin Q, Penazzi LucAbstract:National audienceIn order to improve the thermo-mechanical models proposed for hot forming processes, the identification and validation of the numerical simulations could take advantage of continuous kinematic full field measurements achieved during different production steps. This kind of measurements could especially be obtained by Digital Image Correlation. Although this method is relatively mastered at room temperature, it is more complex to implement at high temperature (typically from 600°C to 800°C). This is due to a number of factors, including the mirage effect (phenomena of gradient of refractive index), the loss of image contrast and the speckle flaking observed during thermo-mechanical experiments. This study focus on fabrication methods of speckle and its characteristics at high temperature. The first part introduces different techniques for creating the speckle (Paint Spraying, anodization, laser engraving and combination between anodization and laser engraving). In order to compare these methods, the same mask (prepared from a synthetic image) is systematically used. The pattern obtained therefore meets certain criteria (density, size, correlation length, etc.) and can be reproduced. Images of the speckled surface are then captured at different temperatures and compared in term of contrast, gray level distribution, etc. The first results show that the speckle obtained by combining laser marking and anodizing leads to better contrast when compared with other techniques at room temperature. However, this result is no more certain at high temperature because of the oxidation layer that develops. In the second part, the adhesion on the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy of the speckles produced using different methods is evaluated. Tensile tests performed at high-temperature with large strain are then performed. In conclusion, a guideline for choosing an appropriate speckle deposition method for studying conditions of hot forming process is suggested
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Digital Image Correlation method for monitoring tensile tests at high temperature. Part 1: comparing the speckle quality produced by various methods at high temperature
HAL CCSD, 2019Co-Authors: Luong, Linh Phuong, Bonnaire Rébecca, Périé Jean-noël, Sirvin Q, Penazzi LucAbstract:National audienceIn order to improve the thermo-mechanical models proposed for hot forming processes, the identification and validation of the numerical simulations could take advantage of continuous kinematic full field measurements achieved during different production steps. This kind of measurements could especially be obtained by Digital Image Correlation. Although this method is relatively mastered at room temperature, it is more complex to implement at high temperature (typically from 600°C to 800°C). This is due to a number of factors, including the mirage effect (phenomena of gradient of refractive index), the loss of image contrast and the speckle flaking observed during thermo-mechanical experiments. This study focus on fabrication methods of speckle and its characteristics at high temperature. The first part introduces different techniques for creating the speckle (Paint Spraying, anodization, laser engraving and combination between anodization and laser engraving). In order to compare these methods, the same mask (prepared from a synthetic image) is systematically used. The pattern obtained therefore meets certain criteria (density, size, correlation length, etc.) and can be reproduced. Images of the speckled surface are then captured at different temperatures and compared in term of contrast, gray level distribution, etc. The first results show that the speckle obtained by combining laser marking and anodizing leads to better contrast when compared with other techniques at room temperature. However, this result is no more certain at high temperature because of the oxidation layer that develops. In the second part, the adhesion on the surface of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy of the speckles produced using different methods is evaluated. Tensile tests performed at high-temperature with large strain are then performed. In conclusion, a guideline for choosing an appropriate speckle deposition method for studying conditions of hot forming process is suggested.L'objectif globale de cet étude est de développer une méthodologie afin d'améliorer la mesure cinématique pendant des essais mécaniques sur le matériau d'alliage de titane dans condition d'emboutissage à chaud. Afin de contribuer à l'optimisation de la méthode corrélation d'image (DIC) dans ce contexte spécifique, la génération de mouchetis adapté aux conditions de mesure est proposée. Dans un premier temps, les mouchetis préparés par plusieurs méthodes différentes sont comparés en termes de la qualité. Pour pouvoir comparer objectivement, un mouchetis numérique est systématiquement utilisé. Dans un deuxième temps, les images de surfaces mouchetées sont capturées à différentes températures et puis comparées selon plusieurs critères variées par exemple le contraste, le niveau de gris, etc…. A température ambiante, le premier résultat montre que le mouchetis préparé par la méthode anodisation présente le meilleur contraste. Cependant, à haute température, cette observation est plus valable à cause de l'oxydation développée. Troisièmement, l'adhésion du mouchetis sur la surface des éprouvettes en alliage de titane Ti-6Al-4V en grande déformation est évaluée. Mouchetis préparé par la méthode gravure laser résiste à la rupture. En même temps, le mouchetis préparé par la peinture s'écaille au début de la déformation plastique. En conclusion, une suggestion de choix du mouchetis adapé aux conditions de mise en forme à chaud est proposée
John Cocker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isocyanate exposure control in motor vehicle Paint Spraying evidence from biological monitoring
Chemical Hazards in Industry, 2013Co-Authors: K Jones, John Cocker, Mark PineyAbstract:The purpose of this work was to assess the changes in control of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate based Paints used in vehicle Spraying after a Health & Safety Executive (HSE) national project. Paint sprayers and managers from motor vehicle repair (MVR) bodyshops across the UK, were invited to one of 32 Safety and Health Awareness Days (SHADs) to increase their understanding of the hazards, and practical ways of controlling of exposure to isocyanate based Paints. Exposure measurement based on biological monitoring was offered, free of charge, to each of the roughly 4000 participants and used to assess the effectiveness of controls and methods of working. Results are compared with pre and post SHAD measurements. Urine samples were received from 995 Paint sprayers. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) levels in urine, indicative of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), were significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p<0.0001) than had been seen in a wider population from previous HSE inspections and routine sampling. Where a sprayer's urinary HDA was above the quantification limit they were asked to send another sample after reviewing and improving exposure control measures. The results from these repeat samples were significantly lower than the original results. There was no difference in the exposures of sprayers using air-fed half-mask face-pieces compared with visor type air-fed breathing apparatus, or between spray booths and rooms. The analysis of HDA in urine is a useful technique for assessing exposure to isocyanates in Paint sprayers. The simplicity of this approach has allowed wide-scale use of biological monitoring in an industry dominated by small and micro businesses. Biological monitoring of exposure has enabled individual companies, and sprayers, to check that their control measures are working.This study showed overall lower levels of HDA in Paint sprayers following SHADs. These lower levels have been maintained across a wider population of UK Paint sprayers over the succeeding years. Whilst there may be many reasons for the reduction in exposure, the weight of evidence suggests that the key messages about exposure control measures, delivered through the SHADs and other means, were influential.
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isocyanate exposure control in motor vehicle Paint Spraying evidence from biological monitoring
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2013Co-Authors: K Jones, John Cocker, Mark PineyAbstract:Aims: The purpose of this work was to assess the changes in control of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate based Paints used in vehicle Spraying after a Health & safety Executive (HsE) national project. Methods: Paint sprayers and managers from motor vehicle repair (MVr) bodyshops across the UK, were invited to one of 32 safety and Health Awareness Days (sHADs) to increase their understanding of the hazards, and practical ways of controlling of exposure to isocyanate based Paints. Exposure measurement based on biological monitoring was offered, free of charge, to each of the roughly 4000 participants and used to assess the effectiveness of controls and methods of working. results are compared with pre and post sHAD measurements. results: Urine samples were received from 995 Paint sprayers. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) levels in urine, indicative of exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), were significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p<0.0001) than had been seen in a wider population from previous HsE inspections and routine sampling. Where a sprayer’s urinary HDA was above the quantification limit they were asked to send another sample after reviewing and improving exposure control measures. The results from these repeat samples were significantly lower than the original results. There was no difference in the exposures of sprayers using air-fed half-mask face-pieces compared with visor type air-fed breathing apparatus, or between spray booths and rooms. Conclusions: The analysis of HDA in urine is a useful technique for assessing exposure to isocyanates in Paint sprayers. The simplicity of this approach has allowed wide-scale use of biological monitoring in an industry dominated by small and micro businesses. Biological monitoring of exposure has enabled individual companies, and sprayers, to check that their control measures are working. This study showed overall lower levels of HDA in Paint sprayers following sHADs. These lower levels have been maintained across a wider population of UK Paint sprayers over the succeeding years. Whilst there may be many reasons for the reduction in exposure, the weight of evidence suggests that the key messages about exposure control measures, delivered through the sHADs and other means, were influential.
Agurtzane Zugasti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potential Dermal Exposure during the Painting Process in Car Body Repair Shops
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2004Co-Authors: Pedro L. Delgado, Juan Porcel, Isaac Abril, Nuria Torres, Antonio Terán, Agurtzane ZugastiAbstract:The object of this study was to assess potential dermal exposure to the non-volatile fractions of Paints based on studies assessing potential exposure during the Painting process in car body repair shops with water-based Paints. The measurements were done during filling of the spray gun, Paint Spraying and cleaning of the gun. Potential dermal exposure was assessed using patches and gloves as dosimeters and analysing deposits of aluminium, a constituent of the Paint mixture, which is used as a chemical tracer for these studies. The total body area used excluding hands was 18 720 cm(2) and the area of each hand was 410 cm(2). Dermal exposure to the Paint during filling of the spray gun occurs mainly on the hands and ranged from 0.68 to 589 micro g Paint/cm(2)/min, as calculated from the amount of aluminium observed and the concentration of aluminium in the Paint. During Spraying, the levels of exposure of the hands and body ranged from 0.20 to 4.35 micro g Paint/cm(2)/min for the body and 0.40 to 13.4 micro g Paint/cm(2)/min for the hands. With cleaning of the spray gun the hands were the principal area exposed, with values ranging from 0.44 to 213 micro g Paint/cm(2)/min. Information on and observations of each of the scenarios were recorded in a structured questionnaire.
