The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marta Bianciardi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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probabilistic template of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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Probabilistic Template of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, Medial Parabrachial Nucleus, Vestibular Nuclei Complex, and Medullary Viscero-Sensory-Motor Nuclei Complex in Living Humans From 7 Tesla MRI.
Frontiers in neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, María G. García-gomar, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex, and medullary viscero-sensory-motor (VSM) nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and VSM nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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probabilistic atlas of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:Abstract The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem atlas in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic atlas of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the atlas by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic atlas of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
Kavita Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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probabilistic template of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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Probabilistic Template of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, Medial Parabrachial Nucleus, Vestibular Nuclei Complex, and Medullary Viscero-Sensory-Motor Nuclei Complex in Living Humans From 7 Tesla MRI.
Frontiers in neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, María G. García-gomar, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex, and medullary viscero-sensory-motor (VSM) nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and VSM nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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probabilistic atlas of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:Abstract The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem atlas in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic atlas of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the atlas by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic atlas of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
I Indovina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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probabilistic template of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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Probabilistic Template of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, Medial Parabrachial Nucleus, Vestibular Nuclei Complex, and Medullary Viscero-Sensory-Motor Nuclei Complex in Living Humans From 7 Tesla MRI.
Frontiers in neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, María G. García-gomar, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex, and medullary viscero-sensory-motor (VSM) nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and VSM nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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probabilistic atlas of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:Abstract The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem atlas in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic atlas of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the atlas by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic atlas of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
Kimberly Nestor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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probabilistic template of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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Probabilistic Template of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, Medial Parabrachial Nucleus, Vestibular Nuclei Complex, and Medullary Viscero-Sensory-Motor Nuclei Complex in Living Humans From 7 Tesla MRI.
Frontiers in neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, María G. García-gomar, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex, and medullary viscero-sensory-motor (VSM) nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and VSM nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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probabilistic atlas of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:Abstract The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem atlas in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic atlas of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the atlas by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic atlas of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
Jeffrey P Staab - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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probabilistic template of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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Probabilistic Template of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, Medial Parabrachial Nucleus, Vestibular Nuclei Complex, and Medullary Viscero-Sensory-Motor Nuclei Complex in Living Humans From 7 Tesla MRI.
Frontiers in neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, María G. García-gomar, Marta BianciardiAbstract:The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex, and medullary viscero-sensory-motor (VSM) nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem template in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic template of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the template by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic template of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and VSM nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
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probabilistic atlas of the lateral Parabrachial Nucleus medial Parabrachial Nucleus vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero sensory motor nuclei complex in living humans from 7 tesla mri
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Kavita Singh, I Indovina, Kimberly Nestor, Maria G Garciagomar, Jeffrey P Staab, Jean C Augustinack, Marta BianciardiAbstract:Abstract The lateral Parabrachial Nucleus, medial Parabrachial Nucleus, vestibular nuclei complex and medullary viscero-sensory-motor nuclei complex (the latter including among others the solitary Nucleus, vagus nerve Nucleus, and hypoglossal Nucleus) are anatomically and functionally connected brainstem gray-matter structures that convey signals across multiple modalities between the brain and the spinal cord to regulate vital bodily functions. It is remarkably difficult to precisely extrapolate the location of these nuclei from ex vivo atlases to conventional 3 Tesla in vivo images; thus, a probabilistic brainstem atlas in stereotaxic neuroimaging space in living humans is needed. We delineated these nuclei using single-subject high contrast 1.1 mm isotropic resolution 7 Tesla MRI images. After precise coregistration of nuclei labels to stereotaxic space, we generated a probabilistic atlas of their anatomical locations. Finally, we validated the nuclei labels in the atlas by assessing their inter-rater agreement, consistency across subjects and volumes. We also performed a preliminary comparison of their location and microstructural properties to histologic sections of a postmortem human brainstem specimen. In future, the resulting probabilistic atlas of these brainstem nuclei in stereotaxic space may assist researchers and clinicians in evaluating autonomic, vestibular and viscero-sensory-motor nuclei structure, function and connectivity in living humans using conventional 3 Tesla MRI scanners.
