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Eric Stice - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adolescents at high risk of Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar content in milkshakes
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Background Children of overweight or obese parents are at a high risk of developing Obesity. Objective This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Design With the use of functional MRI, the responses of 108 healthy-weight adolescents [mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 20.9 ± 1.9; n = 53 who were at high risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n = 55 who were low risk] to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included 4 milkshakes, which systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. Results High-risk compared with low-risk adolescents showed greater blood oxygen-dependent response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) compared with the tasteless solution in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (P-family-wise error rate < 0.05), replicating a previous report. Notably, high-risk adolescents showed greater caudate, gustatory, and oral somatosensory responses to the high-sugar milkshake than to the tasteless solution; however, no effect of risk status was observed in the high-fat milkshake condition. Responses to food images were not related to Obesity risk status. Conclusion Collectively, the data presented here suggest that Parental weight status is associated with greater striatal, gustatory, and somatosensory responses to palatable foods-in particular, high-sugar foods-in their adolescent offspring, which theoretically contributes to an increased risk of future overeating. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01949636.
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Adolescents at high risk of Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar content in milkshakes.
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Background Children of overweight or obese parents are at a high risk of developing Obesity. Objective This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Design With the use of functional MRI, the responses of 108 healthy-weight adolescents [mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 20.9 ± 1.9; n = 53 who were at high risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n = 55 who were low risk] to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included 4 milkshakes, which systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. Results High-risk compared with low-risk adolescents showed greater blood oxygen-dependent response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) compared with the tasteless solution in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (P-family-wise error rate
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Adolescents with versus without Parental Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar, but not fat content of milkshakes.
2017Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Children of overweight/obese parents are at a high-risk of developing Obesity. This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Using functional MRI, 108 healthy weight adolescents’ (BMI 20.9±1.9; n=53 high-risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n=55 low-risk) response to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included four milkshakes systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. High risk vs. low risk adolescents showed greater BOLD response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) > tasteless solution receipt in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (pFWE<0.05) replicating a previous report. Notably, high risk adolescents showed greater caudate, gustatory and oral somatosensory response to the high-sugar milkshake > tasteless solution contrast, however an effect of risk status was not seen in the high-fat milkshake contrast (pFWE<0.05). Foods images were not related to Obesity risk status. Collectively, data presented here suggests that Parental weight status contributes to greater striatal, gustatory, somatosensory response to palatable foods, in particular high-sugar foods in their adolescent offspring, which may contribute to the increased risk for future overeating.
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Food reinforcement and Parental Obesity predict future weight gain in non-obese adolescents.
Appetite, 2014Co-Authors: Leonard H. Epstein, Sonja Yokum, Denise M. Feda, Eric SticeAbstract:Abstract Background: Food reinforcement, the extent to which people are willing to work to earn a preferred snack food, and Parental Obesity are risk factors for weight gain, but there is no research comparing the predictive effects of these factors for adolescent weight gain. Methods: 130 non-obese adolescents (M age = 15.2 ± 1.0; M BMI = 20.7 ± 2.0; M zBMI = 0.16 ± 0.64) at differential risk for weight gain based on Parental Obesity completed baseline food and money reinforcement tasks, and provided zBMI data over a 2-year follow-up. Results: The number of obese (BMI ≥ 30) parents (p = 0.007) and high food reinforcement (p = 0.046) were both significant independent predictors of greater zBMI increases, controlling for age, sex, parent education and minority status. Having no obese parents or being low or average in food reinforcement was associated with reductions in zBMI, but those high in food reinforcement showed larger zBMI increases (0.102) than having one obese parent (0.025) but less than having two obese parents (0.177). Discussion: Food reinforcement and Parental Obesity independently predict future weight gain among adolescents. It might be fruitful for Obesity prevention programs to target both high risk groups.
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psychological and behavioral risk factors for Obesity onset in adolescent girls a prospective study
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2005Co-Authors: Eric Stice, Katherine Presnell, Heather Shaw, Paul RohdeAbstract:Because little is known about risk factors for Obesity, the authors tested whether certain psychological and behavioral variables predicted future onset of Obesity. The authors used data from a prospective study of 496 adolescent girls who completed a baseline assessment at age 11-15 years and 4 annual follow-ups. Self-reported dietary restraint, radical weight-control behaviors, depressive symptoms, and perceived Parental Obesity--but not high-fat food consumption, binge eating, or exercise frequency-predicted Obesity onset. Results provide support for certain etiologic theories of Obesity, including the affect regulation model. The fact that self-reported, weight-control behaviors identified girls at risk for Obesity implies that high-risk youths are not engaging in effective weight-control methods and suggests the need to promote more effective strategies.
Kyle Stanley Burger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adolescents at high risk of Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar content in milkshakes
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Background Children of overweight or obese parents are at a high risk of developing Obesity. Objective This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Design With the use of functional MRI, the responses of 108 healthy-weight adolescents [mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 20.9 ± 1.9; n = 53 who were at high risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n = 55 who were low risk] to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included 4 milkshakes, which systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. Results High-risk compared with low-risk adolescents showed greater blood oxygen-dependent response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) compared with the tasteless solution in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (P-family-wise error rate < 0.05), replicating a previous report. Notably, high-risk adolescents showed greater caudate, gustatory, and oral somatosensory responses to the high-sugar milkshake than to the tasteless solution; however, no effect of risk status was observed in the high-fat milkshake condition. Responses to food images were not related to Obesity risk status. Conclusion Collectively, the data presented here suggest that Parental weight status is associated with greater striatal, gustatory, and somatosensory responses to palatable foods-in particular, high-sugar foods-in their adolescent offspring, which theoretically contributes to an increased risk of future overeating. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01949636.
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Adolescents at high risk of Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar content in milkshakes.
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Background Children of overweight or obese parents are at a high risk of developing Obesity. Objective This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Design With the use of functional MRI, the responses of 108 healthy-weight adolescents [mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 20.9 ± 1.9; n = 53 who were at high risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n = 55 who were low risk] to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included 4 milkshakes, which systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. Results High-risk compared with low-risk adolescents showed greater blood oxygen-dependent response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) compared with the tasteless solution in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (P-family-wise error rate
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Adolescents with versus without Parental Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar, but not fat content of milkshakes.
2017Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Children of overweight/obese parents are at a high-risk of developing Obesity. This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Using functional MRI, 108 healthy weight adolescents’ (BMI 20.9±1.9; n=53 high-risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n=55 low-risk) response to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included four milkshakes systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. High risk vs. low risk adolescents showed greater BOLD response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) > tasteless solution receipt in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (pFWE<0.05) replicating a previous report. Notably, high risk adolescents showed greater caudate, gustatory and oral somatosensory response to the high-sugar milkshake > tasteless solution contrast, however an effect of risk status was not seen in the high-fat milkshake contrast (pFWE<0.05). Foods images were not related to Obesity risk status. Collectively, data presented here suggests that Parental weight status contributes to greater striatal, gustatory, somatosensory response to palatable foods, in particular high-sugar foods in their adolescent offspring, which may contribute to the increased risk for future overeating.
Grace Elisabeth Shearrer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adolescents at high risk of Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar content in milkshakes
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Background Children of overweight or obese parents are at a high risk of developing Obesity. Objective This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Design With the use of functional MRI, the responses of 108 healthy-weight adolescents [mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 20.9 ± 1.9; n = 53 who were at high risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n = 55 who were low risk] to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included 4 milkshakes, which systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. Results High-risk compared with low-risk adolescents showed greater blood oxygen-dependent response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) compared with the tasteless solution in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (P-family-wise error rate < 0.05), replicating a previous report. Notably, high-risk adolescents showed greater caudate, gustatory, and oral somatosensory responses to the high-sugar milkshake than to the tasteless solution; however, no effect of risk status was observed in the high-fat milkshake condition. Responses to food images were not related to Obesity risk status. Conclusion Collectively, the data presented here suggest that Parental weight status is associated with greater striatal, gustatory, and somatosensory responses to palatable foods-in particular, high-sugar foods-in their adolescent offspring, which theoretically contributes to an increased risk of future overeating. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01949636.
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Adolescents at high risk of Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar content in milkshakes.
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Background Children of overweight or obese parents are at a high risk of developing Obesity. Objective This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Design With the use of functional MRI, the responses of 108 healthy-weight adolescents [mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 20.9 ± 1.9; n = 53 who were at high risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n = 55 who were low risk] to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included 4 milkshakes, which systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. Results High-risk compared with low-risk adolescents showed greater blood oxygen-dependent response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) compared with the tasteless solution in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (P-family-wise error rate
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Adolescents with versus without Parental Obesity show greater striatal response to increased sugar, but not fat content of milkshakes.
2017Co-Authors: Grace Elisabeth Shearrer, Eric Stice, Kyle Stanley BurgerAbstract:Children of overweight/obese parents are at a high-risk of developing Obesity. This study sought to examine the underlying neural factors related to Parental Obesity risk and the relative impact of sugar and fat when consuming a palatable food, as well as the impact of Obesity risk status on brain response to appetizing food images. Using functional MRI, 108 healthy weight adolescents’ (BMI 20.9±1.9; n=53 high-risk by virtue of Parental Obesity status, n=55 low-risk) response to food stimuli were examined. Stimuli included four milkshakes systematically varied in sugar and fat content, a calorie-free tasteless solution, and images of appetizing foods and glasses of water. High risk vs. low risk adolescents showed greater BOLD response to milkshakes (all variants collapsed) > tasteless solution receipt in the primary gustatory and oral somatosensory cortices (pFWE<0.05) replicating a previous report. Notably, high risk adolescents showed greater caudate, gustatory and oral somatosensory response to the high-sugar milkshake > tasteless solution contrast, however an effect of risk status was not seen in the high-fat milkshake contrast (pFWE<0.05). Foods images were not related to Obesity risk status. Collectively, data presented here suggests that Parental weight status contributes to greater striatal, gustatory, somatosensory response to palatable foods, in particular high-sugar foods in their adolescent offspring, which may contribute to the increased risk for future overeating.
Sadanobu Kagamimori - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A dose-response relationship between short sleeping hours and childhood Obesity: results of the Toyama Birth Cohort Study.
Child: care health and development, 2002Co-Authors: Michikazu Sekine, Takashi Yamagami, Kyoko Handa, Tomohiro Saito, Seiichiro Nanri, Katsuhiko Kawaminami, Noritaka Tokui, Katsumi Yoshida, Sadanobu KagamimoriAbstract:B a ck g ro und Short sleeping hours could cause Obesity through increased sympathetic activity, elevated cortisol secretion and decreased glucose tolerance.The aim of this study was to clarify Parental and lifestyle factors, particularly sleeping habits, associated with Obesity in Japanese children. Metho d s Between June and July 1996, 8274 children (4194 males and 4080 females) aged 6‐7 years living in Toyama prefecture, Japan, were investigated by questionnaire survey and the collection of anthropometric data. Subjects with a body mass index (BMI; weight in kg divided by square of height in m) greater than the age- and sex-specific cut-off points linked to adulthood overweight (BMI of 25 kg/m 2 or more) were defined as obese subjects. Parental Obesity was defined as a BMI of 25 kg/m 2 or more. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the strength of the relationships between Parental Obesity or lifestyle factors and childhood Obesity, adjusted for possible confounding factors. R e sults Parental Obesity, long hours of TV watching and physical inactivity were significantly associated with childhood Obesity. Although wake-up time was not related to Obesity, there was a significant dose‐response relationship between late bedtime or short sleeping hours and childhood Obesity. Compared with children with 10 or more hours of sleep, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.49 (95% confidence interval 1.08‐2.14) for those with 9‐10 h sleep, 1.89 (1.34‐2.73) for those with 8‐9 h sleep and 2.87 (1.61‐5.05) for those with
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Parental Obesity, lifestyle factors and Obesity in preschool children: results of the Toyama Birth Cohort study.
Journal of epidemiology, 2002Co-Authors: Michikazu Sekine, Takashi Yamagami, Shimako Hamanishi, Kyoko Handa, Tomohiro Saito, Seiichiro Nanri, Katsuhiko Kawaminami, Noritaka Tokui, Katsumi Yoshida, Sadanobu KagamimoriAbstract:The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of Parental Obesity and lifestyle factors on Obesity in preschool children. The subjects consisted of 8941 children aged 3 years, born in 1989. Anthropometric measurements and questionnaire surveys were conducted between 1992 and 1994. Subjects of body mass index (BMI; (weight (kg)) / (height (m))2) more than the ageand sex-specific centiles linked to adult overweight were defined as obese subjects. Parental Obesity was defined as BMI of 25 kg/m2 or more. Logistic regression analysis was performed to clarify the strengths of Parental and lifestyle factors on childhood Obesity, adjusted for possible confounding factors. Odds ratios (ORs) of paternal and maternal Obesity for childhood Obesity were 1.70(1.43-2.02) and 2.56(2.07-3.17), respectively. There was a dose-response relationship between short sleeping hours and Obesity. Compared to subjects taking 11 hours sleep or more, the adjusted OR was 1.20(0.97-1.49) for those taking 10 to 11 hours sleep, 1.34(1.05-1.72) for those taking 9 to 10 hours sleep, and 1.57(0.90-2.75) for those taking less than 9 hours sleep. Eating and exercising habits were not significantly associated with Obesity. These results indicate that Parental Obesity and short sleeping hours are possible risk factors for Obesity in preschool children. J Epidemiol, 2002 ; 12:33-39
P. Antonio Tataranni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessing Risk Factors for Obesity Between Childhood and Adolescence: I. Birth Weight, Childhood Adiposity, Parental Obesity, Insulin, and Leptin
PEDIATRICS, 2002Co-Authors: Arline D. Salbe, Christian Weyer, Robert S. Lindsay, Eric Ravussin, P. Antonio TataranniAbstract:Objective. To assess the effects of body weight, body composition, Parental Obesity, and metabolic variables on the development of Obesity in a large cohort of 5-year-old Native American children with a high propensity for Obesity. Methods. During the summer months of 1992 to 1995 and again 5 years later, 138 (65 boys and 73 girls) 5-year-old Pima Indian children were studied. Height; weight; body composition; Parental Obesity; and fasting plasma insulin, glucose, and leptin concentrations were determined at baseline and follow-up. Linear regression models were used to assess the effect of the baseline variables on the development of Obesity. Results. At both 5 and 10 years of age, Pima Indian children were heavier and fatter than an age- and gender-matched reference population. All anthropometric and metabolic variables tracked strongly from 5 to 10 years of age (r ≥ 0.70). The most significant determinant of percentage of body fat at 10 years of age was percentage of body fat at 5 years of age (R2 = 0.53). The combined effect of high maternal body mass index, elevated fasting plasma leptin concentrations, and low fasting plasma insulin concentrations at baseline explained an additional 4% of the total variance in adiposity at follow-up. Conclusions. Although Parental Obesity and metabolic variables such as insulinemia and leptinemia at baseline account for a small percentage of the variance in adiposity at follow-up, early childhood Obesity is the dominant predictor of Obesity 5 years later. These results suggest that strategies to prevent childhood Obesity must be initiated at a very early age.
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Assessing risk factors for Obesity between childhood and adolescence: I. Birth weight, childhood adiposity, Parental Obesity, insulin, and leptin.
Pediatrics, 2002Co-Authors: Arline D. Salbe, Christian Weyer, Robert S. Lindsay, Eric Ravussin, P. Antonio TataranniAbstract:To assess the effects of body weight, body composition, Parental Obesity, and metabolic variables on the development of Obesity in a large cohort of 5-year-old Native American children with a high propensity for Obesity. During the summer months of 1992 to 1995 and again 5 years later, 138 (65 boys and 73 girls) 5-year-old Pima Indian children were studied. Height; weight; body composition; Parental Obesity; and fasting plasma insulin, glucose, and leptin concentrations were determined at baseline and follow-up. Linear regression models were used to assess the effect of the baseline variables on the development of Obesity. At both 5 and 10 years of age, Pima Indian children were heavier and fatter than an age- and gender-matched reference population. All anthropometric and metabolic variables tracked strongly from 5 to 10 years of age (r > or = 0.70). The most significant determinant of percentage of body fat at 10 years of age was percentage of body fat at 5 years of age (R(2) = 0.53). The combined effect of high maternal body mass index, elevated fasting plasma leptin concentrations, and low fasting plasma insulin concentrations at baseline explained an additional 4% of the total variance in adiposity at follow-up. Although Parental Obesity and metabolic variables such as insulinemia and leptinemia at baseline account for a small percentage of the variance in adiposity at follow-up, early childhood Obesity is the dominant predictor of Obesity 5 years later. These results suggest that strategies to prevent childhood Obesity must be initiated at a very early age.
