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Eric H. Oelkers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Enhancement of cyanobacterial growth by riverine Particulate Material
    Chemical Geology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Christian Grimm, Raul E. Martinez, Oleg S. Pokrovsky, Liane G. Benning, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    Abstract Particulate Material plays a major role in the transport of sparingly soluble nutrients such as P and Fe in natural surface waters. Microbes might gain access to these nutrients either indirectly through Particulate dissolution or directly through microbial attack. As such, it seems reasonable to expect a link between the Particulate Material concentration and bacterial growth in natural surface waters. To explore this link, a series of microcosm growth experiments were performed in the presence of a typical freshwater cyanobacteria, Synechococcus sp., grown in dilute BG-11 culture media in the presence and absence of basaltic and continental riverine Particulate Material. Results demonstrate that riverine Particulates can increase bacterial biomass by 1) triggering bacterial growth in otherwise unfavourable conditions, 2) increasing total maximum biomass concentration, and 3) inducing bacteria growth during the post-exponential phase. These effects are found to be enhanced by increasing Particulate concentration. Results also indicate a positive feedback between the nutrient release from the Particulates and growing bacteria, where dissolving Particulates enhance bacterial growth, which further promotes Particulate dissolution by altering fluid pH. Microscopic analysis showed direct physical contact between Particulates and cyanobacteria, suggesting that bacteria attach directly on mineral surfaces to gain required nutrients. Furthermore, frequent bacteria clusters were observed associated with Particulates, indicating an increasing aggregation of bacteria in the presence of Particulate Material, which may facilitate a higher burial efficiency of organic carbon.

  • The influence of terrigenous Particulate Material dissolution on ocean chemistry and global element cycles
    Chemical Geology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Catherine Jeandel, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    Land to ocean transfer of Material largely controls the chemical composition of seawater and the global element cycles. Overall this transfer is dominated by the riverine transport of Particulate Material to the oceans. A large number of isotopic tracers including 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, 30Si/28Si, 56Fe/54Fe, and 232Th/230Th, demonstrate that a significant fraction of this Particulate Material dissolves in seawater after its arrival to the oceans. Laboratory experiments confirm that these particles dissolve readily in seawater; 0.5 to 10% of the Sr and Nd in riverine transported Particulate Material is found to dissolve in seawater over time scales ranging from weeks to months. Noting that the mass of most elements arriving to the oceans via Particulates exceeds that of the elements arriving via dissolved transport by at least a factor of 50, it follows that 1) Particulate Material dissolution in the ocean may be the dominant mechanism contributing numerous elements to the oceans, and 2) estimates based on dissolved riverine transport alone may significantly underestimate the global element fluxes to the oceans. The role of Particulate Material dissolution in seawater may be most significant in the cycles of sparingly soluble elements, which are far more concentrated in Particulate Material than more soluble elements. As such, Particulate Material dissolution and transport likely play a major role in the availability of those elements limiting marine primary productivity. This effect will be most significant at the ocean margins, as a large fraction of the products of Particulate Material dissolution are re-precipitated locally via reversible scavenging. The major effect of Particulate dissolution in the open-ocean will be on element isotope compositions. Moreover, as the transport of Particulates to the oceans is far more sensitive to temperature and runoff than dissolved transport, the dissolution of Particulate in seawater and subsequent reactions may provide a strong yet underappreciated link between continental weathering and climate.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    Abstract The total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10 7 for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    The ratio of strontium isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the 87Sr/86Sr weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 078DQ Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 62 Cited References: ALBAREDE F, 1981, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V55, P229, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(81)90102-3 Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller R.C, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES, P113 Aller RC, 1998, MAR CHEM, V61, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00024-3 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 BERNER RA, 1992, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V56, P3225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90300-8 BLUTH GJS, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2341, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90015-9 Brass G, 1976, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V40, P720 Broecker W. S., 1982, TRACERS SEA Brunauer S, 1938, J AM CHEM SOC, V60, P309, DOI 10.1021/ja01269a023 Butterfield DA, 2001, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V65, P4141, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00712-8 Compton JS, 2007, S AFR J GEOL, V110, P339, DOI 10.2113/gssajg.110.2-3.339 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Durant AJ, 2010, ELEMENTS, V6, P235, DOI 10.2113/gselements.6.4.235 Egholm DL, 2009, NATURE, V460, P884, DOI 10.1038/nature08263 Eiriksdottir ES, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V272, P78, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.005 Elderfield H, 1999, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V172, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00191-0 ELDERFIELD H, 1982, NATURE, V300, P493, DOI 10.1038/300493a0 Elderfield H, 1996, ANNU REV EARTH PL SC, V24, P191, DOI 10.1146/annurev.earth.24.1.191 Gaillardet J, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P4037, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00307-5 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Galy A, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P1905, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00081-2 Gislason S.R, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2011, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V108, P7307, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1015053108 GOLDSTEIN SJ, 1987, CHEM GEOL, V66, P245, DOI 10.1016/0168-9622(87)90045-5 HODELL DA, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P165, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90044-7 Holland HD, 2005, AM J SCI, V305, P220, DOI 10.2475/ajs.305.3.220 Hsieh YT, 2011, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V312, P280, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.022 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones MT, 2011, B VOLCANOL, V73, P207, DOI 10.1007/s00445-010-0397-0 Jones MT, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P3661, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.05.030 Krabbenhoft A, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P4097, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.009 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Louvat P, 2008, AM J SCI, V308, P679, DOI 10.2475/05.2008.02 MACKENZI.FT, 1966, AM J SCI, V264, P507 MARTIN JM, 1979, MAR CHEM, V7, P173, DOI 10.1016/0304-4203(79)90039-2 McArthur JM, 2001, J GEOL, V109, P155, DOI 10.1086/319243 Meybeck M, 2003, GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, V39, P65, DOI 10.1016/S0921-8181(03)00018-3 MICHALOPOULOS P, 1995, SCIENCE, V270, P614, DOI 10.1126/science.270.5236.614 Milliman J.D., 2011, RIVER DISCHARGE COAS MILLIMAN JD, 1992, J GEOL, V100, P525 Milliman J.D, 2001, ENCY OCEAN SCI MOTTL MJ, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90007-8 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 Pearce CR, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V295, P104, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.032 Pedersen VK, 2010, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V122, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.06.005 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 von Strandmann Philip A E Pogge, 2008, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, V274, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.041 Stein M, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P3975, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00191-9 Syvitski JPM, 2003, SEDIMENT GEOL, V162, P5, DOI 10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00232-X Tipper ET, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V250, P241, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.037 Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 VEIZER J, 1974, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V38, P1461, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(74)90099-4 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wallmann K, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P2895, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.03.026 Wall-Palmer D, 2011, MAR GEOL, V282, P231, DOI 10.1016/j.margeo.2011.03.001 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2004, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V68, P4843, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.027 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Gislason, Sigurour R. Eiriksdottir, Eydis S. Mavromatis, Vasileios Oelkers, Eric H. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet and John Compton for the provision of samples. Derek Vance and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive and insightful comments and criticisms on this manuscript. M. T. Jones and C. R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M. T. Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 2 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM EARTH PLANET SC LETTThe ratio of strontium isotopes, Sr-87/Sr-86, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the Sr-87/Sr-86 weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Catherine Jeandel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The influence of terrigenous Particulate Material dissolution on ocean chemistry and global element cycles
    Chemical Geology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Catherine Jeandel, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    Land to ocean transfer of Material largely controls the chemical composition of seawater and the global element cycles. Overall this transfer is dominated by the riverine transport of Particulate Material to the oceans. A large number of isotopic tracers including 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, 30Si/28Si, 56Fe/54Fe, and 232Th/230Th, demonstrate that a significant fraction of this Particulate Material dissolves in seawater after its arrival to the oceans. Laboratory experiments confirm that these particles dissolve readily in seawater; 0.5 to 10% of the Sr and Nd in riverine transported Particulate Material is found to dissolve in seawater over time scales ranging from weeks to months. Noting that the mass of most elements arriving to the oceans via Particulates exceeds that of the elements arriving via dissolved transport by at least a factor of 50, it follows that 1) Particulate Material dissolution in the ocean may be the dominant mechanism contributing numerous elements to the oceans, and 2) estimates based on dissolved riverine transport alone may significantly underestimate the global element fluxes to the oceans. The role of Particulate Material dissolution in seawater may be most significant in the cycles of sparingly soluble elements, which are far more concentrated in Particulate Material than more soluble elements. As such, Particulate Material dissolution and transport likely play a major role in the availability of those elements limiting marine primary productivity. This effect will be most significant at the ocean margins, as a large fraction of the products of Particulate Material dissolution are re-precipitated locally via reversible scavenging. The major effect of Particulate dissolution in the open-ocean will be on element isotope compositions. Moreover, as the transport of Particulates to the oceans is far more sensitive to temperature and runoff than dissolved transport, the dissolution of Particulate in seawater and subsequent reactions may provide a strong yet underappreciated link between continental weathering and climate.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    Abstract The total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10 7 for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    The ratio of strontium isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the 87Sr/86Sr weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 078DQ Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 62 Cited References: ALBAREDE F, 1981, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V55, P229, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(81)90102-3 Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller R.C, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES, P113 Aller RC, 1998, MAR CHEM, V61, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00024-3 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 BERNER RA, 1992, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V56, P3225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90300-8 BLUTH GJS, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2341, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90015-9 Brass G, 1976, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V40, P720 Broecker W. S., 1982, TRACERS SEA Brunauer S, 1938, J AM CHEM SOC, V60, P309, DOI 10.1021/ja01269a023 Butterfield DA, 2001, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V65, P4141, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00712-8 Compton JS, 2007, S AFR J GEOL, V110, P339, DOI 10.2113/gssajg.110.2-3.339 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Durant AJ, 2010, ELEMENTS, V6, P235, DOI 10.2113/gselements.6.4.235 Egholm DL, 2009, NATURE, V460, P884, DOI 10.1038/nature08263 Eiriksdottir ES, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V272, P78, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.005 Elderfield H, 1999, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V172, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00191-0 ELDERFIELD H, 1982, NATURE, V300, P493, DOI 10.1038/300493a0 Elderfield H, 1996, ANNU REV EARTH PL SC, V24, P191, DOI 10.1146/annurev.earth.24.1.191 Gaillardet J, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P4037, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00307-5 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Galy A, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P1905, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00081-2 Gislason S.R, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2011, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V108, P7307, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1015053108 GOLDSTEIN SJ, 1987, CHEM GEOL, V66, P245, DOI 10.1016/0168-9622(87)90045-5 HODELL DA, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P165, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90044-7 Holland HD, 2005, AM J SCI, V305, P220, DOI 10.2475/ajs.305.3.220 Hsieh YT, 2011, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V312, P280, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.022 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones MT, 2011, B VOLCANOL, V73, P207, DOI 10.1007/s00445-010-0397-0 Jones MT, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P3661, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.05.030 Krabbenhoft A, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P4097, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.009 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Louvat P, 2008, AM J SCI, V308, P679, DOI 10.2475/05.2008.02 MACKENZI.FT, 1966, AM J SCI, V264, P507 MARTIN JM, 1979, MAR CHEM, V7, P173, DOI 10.1016/0304-4203(79)90039-2 McArthur JM, 2001, J GEOL, V109, P155, DOI 10.1086/319243 Meybeck M, 2003, GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, V39, P65, DOI 10.1016/S0921-8181(03)00018-3 MICHALOPOULOS P, 1995, SCIENCE, V270, P614, DOI 10.1126/science.270.5236.614 Milliman J.D., 2011, RIVER DISCHARGE COAS MILLIMAN JD, 1992, J GEOL, V100, P525 Milliman J.D, 2001, ENCY OCEAN SCI MOTTL MJ, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90007-8 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 Pearce CR, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V295, P104, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.032 Pedersen VK, 2010, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V122, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.06.005 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 von Strandmann Philip A E Pogge, 2008, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, V274, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.041 Stein M, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P3975, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00191-9 Syvitski JPM, 2003, SEDIMENT GEOL, V162, P5, DOI 10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00232-X Tipper ET, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V250, P241, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.037 Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 VEIZER J, 1974, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V38, P1461, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(74)90099-4 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wallmann K, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P2895, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.03.026 Wall-Palmer D, 2011, MAR GEOL, V282, P231, DOI 10.1016/j.margeo.2011.03.001 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2004, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V68, P4843, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.027 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Gislason, Sigurour R. Eiriksdottir, Eydis S. Mavromatis, Vasileios Oelkers, Eric H. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet and John Compton for the provision of samples. Derek Vance and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive and insightful comments and criticisms on this manuscript. M. T. Jones and C. R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M. T. Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 2 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM EARTH PLANET SC LETTThe ratio of strontium isotopes, Sr-87/Sr-86, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the Sr-87/Sr-86 weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 062NH Times Cited: 1 Cited Reference Count: 41 Cited References: Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller RC, 1996, CONT SHELF RES, V16, P753, DOI 10.1016/0278-4343(95)00046-1 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 Blum AE, 1995, REV MINERAL, V31, P291 Brady PV, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P965, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00385-7 Burton KW, 1997, NATURE, V386, P382, DOI 10.1038/386382a0 Chairat C, 2007, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V71, P5901, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2007.08.031 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Frank M, 2002, REV GEOPHYS, V40, DOI 10.1029/2000RG000094 Fripiat F, 2011, MAR CHEM, V123, P11, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.08.005 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Gherbi C, 2010, CR GEOSCI, V342, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.crte.2009.11.002 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2009, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.10.018 Hatje V, 2003, ENVIRON INT, V29, P619, DOI 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00049-7 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jeandel C, 1998, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V62, P2597, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00169-0 Jickells TD, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P67, DOI 10.1126/science.1105959 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones M.T., EARTH PLANET S UNPUB Kohler SJ, 2005, CHEM GEOL, V222, P168, DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.07.011 Lacan F, 2001, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V186, P497, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00263-1 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Mavromatis V., 2012, EARTH PLANET SCI LET McKee BA, 2004, CONT SHELF RES, V24, P899, DOI 10.1016/j.csr.2004.02.009 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 Oelkers EH, 2009, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V73, P4617, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.028 Oelkers EH, 2002, CHEM GEOL, V191, P73, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00149-3 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 PARKS GA, 1990, REV MINERAL, V23, P133 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 SCHOTT J, 1995, PURE APPL CHEM, V67, P903, DOI 10.1351/pac199567060903 Schott J, 2009, REV MINERAL GEOCHEM, V70, P207, DOI 10.2138/rmg.2009.70.6 Stefansdottir MB, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V237, P433, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.07.002 Syvitski JPM, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P376, DOI 10.1126/science.1109454 Turekian K.K., 1968, OCEANS Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wimpenny J, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P5259, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.06.028 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Oelkers, Eric H. Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Eiriksdottir, Eydis Salome Gislason, Sigurdur R. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet, Derek Vance, Jacques Schott, and Oleg Pokrovsky for insightful discussions and encouragement. M.T.Jones and C.R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M.T.Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 1 ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PARIS CR GEOSCIThe total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10(7) for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record. (c) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

Morgan T. Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    Abstract The total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10 7 for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    The ratio of strontium isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the 87Sr/86Sr weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 078DQ Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 62 Cited References: ALBAREDE F, 1981, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V55, P229, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(81)90102-3 Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller R.C, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES, P113 Aller RC, 1998, MAR CHEM, V61, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00024-3 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 BERNER RA, 1992, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V56, P3225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90300-8 BLUTH GJS, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2341, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90015-9 Brass G, 1976, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V40, P720 Broecker W. S., 1982, TRACERS SEA Brunauer S, 1938, J AM CHEM SOC, V60, P309, DOI 10.1021/ja01269a023 Butterfield DA, 2001, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V65, P4141, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00712-8 Compton JS, 2007, S AFR J GEOL, V110, P339, DOI 10.2113/gssajg.110.2-3.339 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Durant AJ, 2010, ELEMENTS, V6, P235, DOI 10.2113/gselements.6.4.235 Egholm DL, 2009, NATURE, V460, P884, DOI 10.1038/nature08263 Eiriksdottir ES, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V272, P78, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.005 Elderfield H, 1999, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V172, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00191-0 ELDERFIELD H, 1982, NATURE, V300, P493, DOI 10.1038/300493a0 Elderfield H, 1996, ANNU REV EARTH PL SC, V24, P191, DOI 10.1146/annurev.earth.24.1.191 Gaillardet J, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P4037, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00307-5 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Galy A, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P1905, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00081-2 Gislason S.R, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2011, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V108, P7307, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1015053108 GOLDSTEIN SJ, 1987, CHEM GEOL, V66, P245, DOI 10.1016/0168-9622(87)90045-5 HODELL DA, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P165, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90044-7 Holland HD, 2005, AM J SCI, V305, P220, DOI 10.2475/ajs.305.3.220 Hsieh YT, 2011, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V312, P280, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.022 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones MT, 2011, B VOLCANOL, V73, P207, DOI 10.1007/s00445-010-0397-0 Jones MT, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P3661, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.05.030 Krabbenhoft A, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P4097, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.009 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Louvat P, 2008, AM J SCI, V308, P679, DOI 10.2475/05.2008.02 MACKENZI.FT, 1966, AM J SCI, V264, P507 MARTIN JM, 1979, MAR CHEM, V7, P173, DOI 10.1016/0304-4203(79)90039-2 McArthur JM, 2001, J GEOL, V109, P155, DOI 10.1086/319243 Meybeck M, 2003, GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, V39, P65, DOI 10.1016/S0921-8181(03)00018-3 MICHALOPOULOS P, 1995, SCIENCE, V270, P614, DOI 10.1126/science.270.5236.614 Milliman J.D., 2011, RIVER DISCHARGE COAS MILLIMAN JD, 1992, J GEOL, V100, P525 Milliman J.D, 2001, ENCY OCEAN SCI MOTTL MJ, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90007-8 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 Pearce CR, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V295, P104, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.032 Pedersen VK, 2010, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V122, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.06.005 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 von Strandmann Philip A E Pogge, 2008, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, V274, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.041 Stein M, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P3975, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00191-9 Syvitski JPM, 2003, SEDIMENT GEOL, V162, P5, DOI 10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00232-X Tipper ET, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V250, P241, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.037 Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 VEIZER J, 1974, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V38, P1461, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(74)90099-4 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wallmann K, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P2895, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.03.026 Wall-Palmer D, 2011, MAR GEOL, V282, P231, DOI 10.1016/j.margeo.2011.03.001 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2004, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V68, P4843, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.027 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Gislason, Sigurour R. Eiriksdottir, Eydis S. Mavromatis, Vasileios Oelkers, Eric H. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet and John Compton for the provision of samples. Derek Vance and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive and insightful comments and criticisms on this manuscript. M. T. Jones and C. R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M. T. Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 2 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM EARTH PLANET SC LETTThe ratio of strontium isotopes, Sr-87/Sr-86, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the Sr-87/Sr-86 weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 062NH Times Cited: 1 Cited Reference Count: 41 Cited References: Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller RC, 1996, CONT SHELF RES, V16, P753, DOI 10.1016/0278-4343(95)00046-1 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 Blum AE, 1995, REV MINERAL, V31, P291 Brady PV, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P965, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00385-7 Burton KW, 1997, NATURE, V386, P382, DOI 10.1038/386382a0 Chairat C, 2007, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V71, P5901, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2007.08.031 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Frank M, 2002, REV GEOPHYS, V40, DOI 10.1029/2000RG000094 Fripiat F, 2011, MAR CHEM, V123, P11, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.08.005 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Gherbi C, 2010, CR GEOSCI, V342, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.crte.2009.11.002 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2009, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.10.018 Hatje V, 2003, ENVIRON INT, V29, P619, DOI 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00049-7 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jeandel C, 1998, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V62, P2597, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00169-0 Jickells TD, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P67, DOI 10.1126/science.1105959 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones M.T., EARTH PLANET S UNPUB Kohler SJ, 2005, CHEM GEOL, V222, P168, DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.07.011 Lacan F, 2001, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V186, P497, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00263-1 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Mavromatis V., 2012, EARTH PLANET SCI LET McKee BA, 2004, CONT SHELF RES, V24, P899, DOI 10.1016/j.csr.2004.02.009 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 Oelkers EH, 2009, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V73, P4617, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.028 Oelkers EH, 2002, CHEM GEOL, V191, P73, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00149-3 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 PARKS GA, 1990, REV MINERAL, V23, P133 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 SCHOTT J, 1995, PURE APPL CHEM, V67, P903, DOI 10.1351/pac199567060903 Schott J, 2009, REV MINERAL GEOCHEM, V70, P207, DOI 10.2138/rmg.2009.70.6 Stefansdottir MB, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V237, P433, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.07.002 Syvitski JPM, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P376, DOI 10.1126/science.1109454 Turekian K.K., 1968, OCEANS Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wimpenny J, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P5259, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.06.028 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Oelkers, Eric H. Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Eiriksdottir, Eydis Salome Gislason, Sigurdur R. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet, Derek Vance, Jacques Schott, and Oleg Pokrovsky for insightful discussions and encouragement. M.T.Jones and C.R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M.T.Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 1 ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PARIS CR GEOSCIThe total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10(7) for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record. (c) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

  • An experimental study of the interaction of basaltic riverine Particulate Material and seawater
    Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    The riverine transport of elements from land to ocean is an integral flux for many element cycles and an important climate regulating process over geological timescales. This flux consists of both dissolved and Particulate Material. The world's rivers are estimated to transport between 16.6 and 30Gtyr -1 of Particulate Material, considerably higher than the dissolved flux of ~1Gtyr -1. Therefore, the dissolution of Particulate Material upon arrival in estuaries and coastal waters may be a significant flux for many elements. Here we assess the role of riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater with closed-system experiments using riverine bedload Material and estuarine sediment from western Iceland mixed with open ocean seawater. Both Particulate Materials significantly changed the elemental concentrations of the surrounding water with substantial increases in Si concentrations indicative of silicate dissolution. Seawater in contact with bedload Material shows considerable enrichment of Ca, Mg, Mn, and Ni, while Li and K concentrations decrease. Moreover, the 87Sr/ 86Sr of seawater decreases with time with little change in Sr concentrations, indicative of a significant two-way flux between the solid and fluid phases. Mass balance calculations indicate that 3% of the Sr contained in the original riverine bedload was released during 9months of reaction. In contrast, the estuarine Material has a negligible effect on seawater 87Sr/ 86Sr and transition metal concentrations, suggesting that these reactions occur when Particulate Material first arrives into coastal waters. Solubility calculations performed using the PHREEQC computer code confirm that primary minerals are undersaturated, while secondary minerals such as kaolinite are oversaturated in the reacted fluids. These results demonstrate that riverine transported basaltic Particulate Material can significantly alter the composition of seawater, although the total concentrations of many major elements in seawater are regulated by the formation of secondary phases. This behavior has important implications for nutrient supply to coastal waters and the isotopic mass balance of several elements in the oceans. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

Eydis S. Eiriksdottir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    Abstract The total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10 7 for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    The ratio of strontium isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the 87Sr/86Sr weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 078DQ Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 62 Cited References: ALBAREDE F, 1981, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V55, P229, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(81)90102-3 Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller R.C, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES, P113 Aller RC, 1998, MAR CHEM, V61, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00024-3 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 BERNER RA, 1992, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V56, P3225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90300-8 BLUTH GJS, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2341, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90015-9 Brass G, 1976, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V40, P720 Broecker W. S., 1982, TRACERS SEA Brunauer S, 1938, J AM CHEM SOC, V60, P309, DOI 10.1021/ja01269a023 Butterfield DA, 2001, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V65, P4141, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00712-8 Compton JS, 2007, S AFR J GEOL, V110, P339, DOI 10.2113/gssajg.110.2-3.339 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Durant AJ, 2010, ELEMENTS, V6, P235, DOI 10.2113/gselements.6.4.235 Egholm DL, 2009, NATURE, V460, P884, DOI 10.1038/nature08263 Eiriksdottir ES, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V272, P78, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.005 Elderfield H, 1999, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V172, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00191-0 ELDERFIELD H, 1982, NATURE, V300, P493, DOI 10.1038/300493a0 Elderfield H, 1996, ANNU REV EARTH PL SC, V24, P191, DOI 10.1146/annurev.earth.24.1.191 Gaillardet J, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P4037, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00307-5 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Galy A, 1999, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V63, P1905, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00081-2 Gislason S.R, 2008, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2011, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V108, P7307, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1015053108 GOLDSTEIN SJ, 1987, CHEM GEOL, V66, P245, DOI 10.1016/0168-9622(87)90045-5 HODELL DA, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P165, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90044-7 Holland HD, 2005, AM J SCI, V305, P220, DOI 10.2475/ajs.305.3.220 Hsieh YT, 2011, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V312, P280, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.022 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones MT, 2011, B VOLCANOL, V73, P207, DOI 10.1007/s00445-010-0397-0 Jones MT, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P3661, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.05.030 Krabbenhoft A, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P4097, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.009 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Louvat P, 2008, AM J SCI, V308, P679, DOI 10.2475/05.2008.02 MACKENZI.FT, 1966, AM J SCI, V264, P507 MARTIN JM, 1979, MAR CHEM, V7, P173, DOI 10.1016/0304-4203(79)90039-2 McArthur JM, 2001, J GEOL, V109, P155, DOI 10.1086/319243 Meybeck M, 2003, GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, V39, P65, DOI 10.1016/S0921-8181(03)00018-3 MICHALOPOULOS P, 1995, SCIENCE, V270, P614, DOI 10.1126/science.270.5236.614 Milliman J.D., 2011, RIVER DISCHARGE COAS MILLIMAN JD, 1992, J GEOL, V100, P525 Milliman J.D, 2001, ENCY OCEAN SCI MOTTL MJ, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90007-8 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 Pearce CR, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V295, P104, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.032 Pedersen VK, 2010, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V122, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.06.005 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 von Strandmann Philip A E Pogge, 2008, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, V274, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.07.041 Stein M, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P3975, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00191-9 Syvitski JPM, 2003, SEDIMENT GEOL, V162, P5, DOI 10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00232-X Tipper ET, 2006, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V250, P241, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.037 Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 VEIZER J, 1974, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V38, P1461, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(74)90099-4 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wallmann K, 2008, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V72, P2895, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.03.026 Wall-Palmer D, 2011, MAR GEOL, V282, P231, DOI 10.1016/j.margeo.2011.03.001 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2004, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V68, P4843, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.027 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Gislason, Sigurour R. Eiriksdottir, Eydis S. Mavromatis, Vasileios Oelkers, Eric H. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet and John Compton for the provision of samples. Derek Vance and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive and insightful comments and criticisms on this manuscript. M. T. Jones and C. R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M. T. Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 2 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM EARTH PLANET SC LETTThe ratio of strontium isotopes, Sr-87/Sr-86, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the Sr-87/Sr-86 weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 062NH Times Cited: 1 Cited Reference Count: 41 Cited References: Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller RC, 1996, CONT SHELF RES, V16, P753, DOI 10.1016/0278-4343(95)00046-1 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 Blum AE, 1995, REV MINERAL, V31, P291 Brady PV, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P965, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00385-7 Burton KW, 1997, NATURE, V386, P382, DOI 10.1038/386382a0 Chairat C, 2007, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V71, P5901, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2007.08.031 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Frank M, 2002, REV GEOPHYS, V40, DOI 10.1029/2000RG000094 Fripiat F, 2011, MAR CHEM, V123, P11, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.08.005 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Gherbi C, 2010, CR GEOSCI, V342, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.crte.2009.11.002 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2009, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.10.018 Hatje V, 2003, ENVIRON INT, V29, P619, DOI 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00049-7 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jeandel C, 1998, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V62, P2597, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00169-0 Jickells TD, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P67, DOI 10.1126/science.1105959 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones M.T., EARTH PLANET S UNPUB Kohler SJ, 2005, CHEM GEOL, V222, P168, DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.07.011 Lacan F, 2001, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V186, P497, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00263-1 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Mavromatis V., 2012, EARTH PLANET SCI LET McKee BA, 2004, CONT SHELF RES, V24, P899, DOI 10.1016/j.csr.2004.02.009 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 Oelkers EH, 2009, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V73, P4617, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.028 Oelkers EH, 2002, CHEM GEOL, V191, P73, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00149-3 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 PARKS GA, 1990, REV MINERAL, V23, P133 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 SCHOTT J, 1995, PURE APPL CHEM, V67, P903, DOI 10.1351/pac199567060903 Schott J, 2009, REV MINERAL GEOCHEM, V70, P207, DOI 10.2138/rmg.2009.70.6 Stefansdottir MB, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V237, P433, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.07.002 Syvitski JPM, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P376, DOI 10.1126/science.1109454 Turekian K.K., 1968, OCEANS Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wimpenny J, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P5259, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.06.028 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Oelkers, Eric H. Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Eiriksdottir, Eydis Salome Gislason, Sigurdur R. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet, Derek Vance, Jacques Schott, and Oleg Pokrovsky for insightful discussions and encouragement. M.T.Jones and C.R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M.T.Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 1 ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PARIS CR GEOSCIThe total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10(7) for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record. (c) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Géoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, C. R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    The total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10(7) for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record. (c) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    Abstract The total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10 7 for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    The ratio of strontium isotopes, 87Sr/86Sr, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the 87Sr/86Sr weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans.

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution as a significant flux of strontium to the oceans
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Catherine Jeandel, Christopher R. Pearce, Sigurður R. Gislason, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Vasileios Mavromatis, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 078DQ Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 62 Cited References: ALBAREDE F, 1981, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V55, P229, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(81)90102-3 Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller R.C, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES, P113 Aller RC, 1998, MAR CHEM, V61, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00024-3 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 BERNER RA, 1992, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V56, P3225, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90300-8 BLUTH GJS, 1994, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V58, P2341, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(94)90015-9 Brass G, 1976, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V40, P720 Broecker W. 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Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Gislason, Sigurour R. Eiriksdottir, Eydis S. Mavromatis, Vasileios Oelkers, Eric H. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet and John Compton for the provision of samples. Derek Vance and an anonymous reviewer provided constructive and insightful comments and criticisms on this manuscript. M. T. Jones and C. R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie 'MIN-GRO' Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M. T. Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 2 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM EARTH PLANET SC LETTThe ratio of strontium isotopes, Sr-87/Sr-86, in seawater is homogenous at any given time, yet varies considerably throughout the geological record. This variation is thought to stem from changes in the balance of predominantly radiogenic Sr entering the oceans via dissolved riverine transport, and unradiogenic Sr sourced from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal activity. Recent evidence suggests, however, that hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges is a factor of 3 too low to balance Sr added to the oceans from dissolved continental riverine fluxes. Here we present evidence that the arrival and subsequent dissolution of riverine Particulate Material in seawater is a significant contributor of both radiogenic and unradiogenic Sr to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15% and 27.36% of Sr is liberated from riverine Particulates to seawater within 6 months. The rates of release are dependent on surface area and Particulate composition, with volcanic riverine Material more reactive than continental riverine Particulates. The observed rapid Sr release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for both chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean and the application of the Sr-87/Sr-86 weathering proxy to the geological record. The dissolution of riverine Particulate Material is likely, based on these findings, to at least partially account for the imbalance between Sr sources to the oceans. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

  • Riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater and its implications for the global cycles of the elements
    Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 2012
    Co-Authors: Eric H. Oelkers, Catherine Jeandel, Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eydis S. Eiriksdottir, Sigurður R. Gislason
    Abstract:

    ISI Document Delivery No.: 062NH Times Cited: 1 Cited Reference Count: 41 Cited References: Allegre CJ, 2010, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V292, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.019 Aller RC, 1996, CONT SHELF RES, V16, P753, DOI 10.1016/0278-4343(95)00046-1 Arsouze T., 2009, BIOGEOSCIENCES, V6, P1 Blum AE, 1995, REV MINERAL, V31, P291 Brady PV, 1997, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V61, P965, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00385-7 Burton KW, 1997, NATURE, V386, P382, DOI 10.1038/386382a0 Chairat C, 2007, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V71, P5901, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2007.08.031 Davis AC, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V211, P173, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00191-2 Frank M, 2002, REV GEOPHYS, V40, DOI 10.1029/2000RG000094 Fripiat F, 2011, MAR CHEM, V123, P11, DOI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.08.005 Gaillardet J., 2003, TREATISE GEOCHEMISTR, V5 Gherbi C, 2010, CR GEOSCI, V342, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.crte.2009.11.002 Gislason SR, 2006, GEOLOGY, V34, P49, DOI 10.1130/G22045.1 Gislason SR, 2009, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V277, P213, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.10.018 Hatje V, 2003, ENVIRON INT, V29, P619, DOI 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00049-7 Jeandel C., 2011, EOS T AM GEOPHYS UN, V92, P217 Jeandel C, 1998, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V62, P2597, DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00169-0 Jickells TD, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P67, DOI 10.1126/science.1105959 Jones MT, 2012, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V77, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.044 Jones M.T., EARTH PLANET S UNPUB Kohler SJ, 2005, CHEM GEOL, V222, P168, DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.07.011 Lacan F, 2001, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V186, P497, DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00263-1 Lacan F, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V232, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.004 Mavromatis V., 2012, EARTH PLANET SCI LET McKee BA, 2004, CONT SHELF RES, V24, P899, DOI 10.1016/j.csr.2004.02.009 Oelkers EH, 2011, APPL GEOCHEM, V26, pS365, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.062 Oelkers EH, 2009, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V73, P4617, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.028 Oelkers EH, 2002, CHEM GEOL, V191, P73, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00149-3 PALMER MR, 1989, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V92, P11, DOI 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4 PARKS GA, 1990, REV MINERAL, V23, P133 Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, 2010, GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY, V11, DOI 10.1029/2009GC002869 SCHOTT J, 1995, PURE APPL CHEM, V67, P903, DOI 10.1351/pac199567060903 Schott J, 2009, REV MINERAL GEOCHEM, V70, P207, DOI 10.2138/rmg.2009.70.6 Stefansdottir MB, 2005, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V237, P433, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.07.002 Syvitski JPM, 2005, SCIENCE, V308, P376, DOI 10.1126/science.1109454 Turekian K.K., 1968, OCEANS Vance D, 2009, NATURE, V458, P493, DOI 10.1038/nature07828 Viers J, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P853, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.09.053 Walling DE, 2006, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V79, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.06.019 Wimpenny J, 2010, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V74, P5259, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.06.028 Wolff-Boenisch D, 2006, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V70, P858, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2005.10.016 Oelkers, Eric H. Jones, Morgan T. Pearce, Christopher R. Jeandel, Catherine Eiriksdottir, Eydis Salome Gislason, Sigurdur R. Pearce, Christopher/A-5599-2010 Pearce, Christopher/0000-0002-4382-2341 EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network [MRTN-CT-2006-035488]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2009-254495] We thank Jerome Gaillardet, Derek Vance, Jacques Schott, and Oleg Pokrovsky for insightful discussions and encouragement. M.T.Jones and C.R. Pearce were supported by the EC Marie Curie "MIN-GRO" Research and Training Network (MRTN-CT-2006-035488). M.T.Jones is currently supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (PIEF-GA-2009-254495). 1 ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PARIS CR GEOSCIThe total mass of Material globally transported to the oceans as Particulate Material is as much as 30 times greater that transported to the oceans in dissolved form. The degree to which riverine transported particles impact ocean chemistry and influence global elemental cycles depends on the reactivity of this Particulate Material in seawater and the relative concentration of each element. The concentrations of elements in Particulate Material relative to those of seawater range from less than 1 for soluble elements such as Na, to more than 10(7) for insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, and the Rare Earths. The reactivity of Particulate Material in seawater is difficult to assess directly because this fluid is saturated or supersaturated with respect to numerous elements. As such, element release from the Particulate Material is commonly matched by precipitation of secondary phases. The rates of element release can, however, be quantified by monitoring the isotopic evolution of seawater during its reaction with a variety of Particulate Material samples collected from rivers throughout the world. This research focuses on the behavior of Sr and Nd, representative of the most and least soluble elements transported to the oceans. Batch experiments demonstrate that between 0.15 and 27% of Sr is liberated from volcanic and continental Particulates when interacted with seawater over 6 months. Similarly, from 1.5 to 8.5% of Nd is liberated from volcanic sediments over this timespan. This observed elemental release rate from riverine Particulate Material has important consequences for: (1) chemical and isotopic mass balances in the ocean; and (2) the application of the isotopic weathering proxies to the geological record. (c) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

  • An experimental study of the interaction of basaltic riverine Particulate Material and seawater
    Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2012
    Co-Authors: Morgan T. Jones, Christopher R. Pearce, Eric H. Oelkers
    Abstract:

    The riverine transport of elements from land to ocean is an integral flux for many element cycles and an important climate regulating process over geological timescales. This flux consists of both dissolved and Particulate Material. The world's rivers are estimated to transport between 16.6 and 30Gtyr -1 of Particulate Material, considerably higher than the dissolved flux of ~1Gtyr -1. Therefore, the dissolution of Particulate Material upon arrival in estuaries and coastal waters may be a significant flux for many elements. Here we assess the role of riverine Particulate Material dissolution in seawater with closed-system experiments using riverine bedload Material and estuarine sediment from western Iceland mixed with open ocean seawater. Both Particulate Materials significantly changed the elemental concentrations of the surrounding water with substantial increases in Si concentrations indicative of silicate dissolution. Seawater in contact with bedload Material shows considerable enrichment of Ca, Mg, Mn, and Ni, while Li and K concentrations decrease. Moreover, the 87Sr/ 86Sr of seawater decreases with time with little change in Sr concentrations, indicative of a significant two-way flux between the solid and fluid phases. Mass balance calculations indicate that 3% of the Sr contained in the original riverine bedload was released during 9months of reaction. In contrast, the estuarine Material has a negligible effect on seawater 87Sr/ 86Sr and transition metal concentrations, suggesting that these reactions occur when Particulate Material first arrives into coastal waters. Solubility calculations performed using the PHREEQC computer code confirm that primary minerals are undersaturated, while secondary minerals such as kaolinite are oversaturated in the reacted fluids. These results demonstrate that riverine transported basaltic Particulate Material can significantly alter the composition of seawater, although the total concentrations of many major elements in seawater are regulated by the formation of secondary phases. This behavior has important implications for nutrient supply to coastal waters and the isotopic mass balance of several elements in the oceans. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.