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Peter Steele - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • company profile part two upjohn analysis of Patenting 1992 1995
    Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 1995
    Co-Authors: Peter Steele
    Abstract:

    The recently-agreed merger between Upjohn and Pharmacia will create a company with annual pharmaceutical sales in the region of $7bn, placing the new company in the top five in terms of pharmaceutical sales. Currently, Upjohn has a total of fifty in-house and nineteen licensed-in products under development. Neurologicals (dopamine/5-HT ligands) and antibacterials (oxazolidinones) dominate the company's research, but both cardiovascular and musculoskeletal also feature significantly. However, the newly merged company, with its combined R&D pipeline, is expected to have a strong portfolio of anticancer compounds. This article analyses the Patenting Activity of Upjohn, prior to the merger, and, along with part one of this profile, indicates the likely strengths of the new company.

  • company profile part one pharmacia analysis of Patenting 1992 1995
    Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 1995
    Co-Authors: Peter Steele
    Abstract:

    Pharmacia, which incorporates Kabi and Farmitalia Carlo Erba (FCE), has recently agreed to merge with Upjohn (see part two of this profile); the resulting company will have annual sales in the region of $7bn and will be one of the world's top five pharmaceutical companies. The following profile indicates the R&D strengths and weaknesses of the pre-merger company by analysing its Patenting Activity over the past six years.

  • company profile warner lambert analysis of Patenting 1992 1995
    Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 1995
    Co-Authors: Peter Steele
    Abstract:

    The Warner-Lambert group, which incorporates Parke-Davis and Goedecke, is ranked outside the top twenty pharmaceutical companies in terms of sales. However, it is an interesting and innovative company which has a very distinctive Patenting policy. The company specialises in the neurological, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular areas; immunologicals, anti-infectives and anticancers are of secondary importance. This article analyses the Patenting Activity of the company over the past four years and indicates the research areas of interest.

Francesco Ciampi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • open innovation and Patenting Activity in health care
    Journal of Intellectual Capital, 2021
    Co-Authors: Beatrice Orlando, Luca Vincenzo Ballestra, Domitilla Magni, Francesco Ciampi
    Abstract:

    The study aims to explore the interplay between open innovation and intellectual property. Differently from previous studies, we argue that open innovation fosters firm's Patenting Activity.,We use linear regression analysis to test model's hypotheses. Data are drawn from the Eurostat statistics and refer to a large sample of European firms (NACE Rev.2).,The findings confirm that open innovation fosters Patenting Activity in health care, also thanks to huge governments' expenditures in this market.,The study focuses solely on European firms and it adopts a traditional linear approach. So, we cannot exclude that different dynamics may occur across European borders. Future research should address this concern by focusing on multi-country comparative studies.,Open innovation is the most suitable model for health industry, because it improves both innovation performance and intellectual capital of firms.,The study tackles an existing gap of the literature by considering how the presence of large customers impacts the strength of intellectual property protection.

  • Open innovation and Patenting Activity in health care
    Journal of Intellectual Capital, 2020
    Co-Authors: Beatrice Orlando, Luca Vincenzo Ballestra, Domitilla Magni, Francesco Ciampi
    Abstract:

    PurposeThe study aims to explore the interplay between open innovation and intellectual property. Differently from previous studies, we argue that open innovation fosters firm's Patenting Activity.Design/methodology/approachWe use linear regression analysis to test model's hypotheses. Data are drawn from the Eurostat statistics and refer to a large sample of European firms (NACE Rev.2).FindingsThe findings confirm that open innovation fosters Patenting Activity in health care, also thanks to huge governments' expenditures in this market.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focuses solely on European firms and it adopts a traditional linear approach. So, we cannot exclude that different dynamics may occur across European borders. Future research should address this concern by focusing on multi-country comparative studies.Practical implicationsOpen innovation is the most suitable model for health industry, because it improves both innovation performance and intellectual capital of firms.Originality/valueThe study tackles an existing gap of the literature by considering how the presence of large customers impacts the strength of intellectual property protection.

Albert N Link - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the impact of public r d investments on Patenting Activity technology transfer at the u s environmental protection agency
    Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Albert N Link, Cody Morris, Martijn Van Hasselt
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTThis paper presents estimates of the impact of public R&D on Patenting Activity at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Using a time series of public sector agency data, we estim...

  • Exploring the impact of R&D on Patenting Activity in small women-owned and minority-owned entrepreneurial firms
    Small Business Economics, 2019
    Co-Authors: Albert N Link, Martijn Hasselt
    Abstract:

    The relevant economics literature on the impact of R&D on Patenting Activity falls within two methodological areas of inquiry. The first area might be classified as a test of the Schumpeterian hypothesis. The second and lesser research area might be classified as an estimation of the knowledge production function relationship between R&D and Patenting. This paper focuses on estimates of the R&D-to-Patenting relationship for a random sample of small, entrepreneurial firms whose research projects were supported through the US Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. Our paper contributes to the R&D-to-Patenting literature in two ways. It examines empirically a unique set of small, entrepreneurial firms funded by the public sector, and it explores the effect of the gender and ethnicity of firm owners on the propensity of their firms to patent from funded research projects.

  • the impact of public r d investments on Patenting Activity technology transfer at the u s environmental protection agency
    2018
    Co-Authors: Albert N Link, Cody Morris, Martijn Van Hasselt
    Abstract:

    This paper presents estimates of the impact of public R&D on Patenting Activity at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Using a time series of public sector agency data, we estimate the per-capita R&D elasticity of new patent applications using a knowledge production function framework model that is an expanded version of what other scholars have used with private sector data. New patent applications are an important step in the technology transfer activities of a federal agency. We estimate this elasticity to be about 2.0. This elasticity value represents an initial estimate of the impact of EPA’s R&D investments on its technology transfer Activity.

  • entrepreneurship and human capital evidence of Patenting Activity from the academic sector
    Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 2007
    Co-Authors: Stuart D Allen, Albert N Link, Dan T Rosenbaum
    Abstract:

    This paper presents empirical evidence of the relationship between faculty entrepreneurial Activity—quantified in terms of the propensity of U.S. university faculty to work directly with industry on research activities that lead to patents—and human capital, measured in terms of faculty tenure and age. Patenting reflects a unique dimension of faculty entrepreneurship, namely, collaborative Activity that results in joint intellectual property. We find that faculty with tenure are more likely to engage in such Activity, thus providing suggestive evidence of an externality associated with permanent employment. We also find that older faculty are more likely to engage with industry, to a point, holding tenure constant. Tenure and age proxy, respectively, what we call the “accumulated advantage” of faculty and their absorptive capacity. Because faculty Patenting with industry involved both parties, our findings reflect that such faculty experience and expertise are important to industry to enter into a Patenting relationship. Finally, we find that male faculty are more likely to patent with industry than female faculty.

Nicola Baldini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Organisational Change and the Institutionalisation of University Patenting Activity in Italy
    Minerva, 2014
    Co-Authors: Nicola Baldini, Riccardo Fini, Rosa Grimaldi, Maurizio Sobrero
    Abstract:

    As universities are increasingly called by their national governments for a more entrepreneurial management of public research results, they started to develop internal structures and policies to take a proactive role in the commercialisation of university research. For the first time, this paper presents a detailed chronicle of how country-level reforms on Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) were translated into organisation-level mechanisms to regulate university-Patenting Activity. The analysis is based on the complete list of patent policies issued between 1993 and 2009 by the population of Italian universities. Our evidence suggests that universities first dealt with legislative changes on IPRs by enacting isomorphic behaviours, then by creating a community of practices, and finally by leveraging on such community to influence government reforms on IP-related matters. We discuss our results in the light of institutional theory and public policy.

  • organisational change and the institutionalisation of university Patenting Activity in italy
    Minerva, 2014
    Co-Authors: Nicola Baldini, Riccardo Fini, Rosa Grimaldi, Maurizio Sobrero
    Abstract:

    In this paper, using a neo-institutional perspective, we model inter-temporal organisational responses applied to the diffusion and evolution of regulations and practices in university Patenting activities. Our study is located in Italy, and it is based on the complete list of patent regulations issued by the population of Italian universities, between 1993 and 2009. We show that in environments characterised by high levels of centralization (i.e. Italy), once each university was allowed to define modes and rules for its own activities, they searched locally, adopting mimetic behaviours, replicating the practices of the most prestigious and visible academic institutions. We also show that, once legislatively re-constrained, the organisational solutions identified by universities were legitimated by the emergence of a community of practice that, developing a set of norms and routines, formed the basis for the occurrence of normative isomorphism. This sequence of different isomorphic behaviours generated severe constraints to the effectiveness of new regulatory policies. Cohercive isomorphism induced by state legislation, therefore, not only became unable to reach the targeted goals, but also indirectly reinforced the dynamics generated by normative isomorphism. Implications for theory and policy are discussed.

  • Do royalties really foster university Patenting Activity? An answer from Italy
    Technovation, 2010
    Co-Authors: Nicola Baldini
    Abstract:

    Abstract Even though universities routinely share revenues with the inventors and their departments to foster Patenting activities, royalties’ incentive effect is largely unexplored, especially using panel data. Using a unique dataset of Italian universities’ patents between 1988 and 2002, I fill this gap, using estimators that account for the potential endogeneity in the data. Both the royalties shared with the inventors and their departments are associated with greater Patenting Activity. Several other organisational arrangements have significant positive impact, from the use of prompt administrative procedures, to the university’s commitment to exploit the inventions, to the availability of a technology transfer office.

  • implementing bayh dole like laws faculty problems and their impact on university Patenting Activity
    Research Policy, 2009
    Co-Authors: Nicola Baldini
    Abstract:

    Abstract The implementation of a Bayh–Dole-like legislation outside the US is still a major concern that needs to be addressed. I fill this gap in two ways. First, I report the results of a faculty survey on obstacles to Patenting Activity in Italian universities, targeted both to inventors and to those non-inventors which reported to engage in university Patenting Activity and to give up before any patents could be filed. Second, I investigate their effect in a regression model using universities’ patent counts as the dependent variable. Results show that obstacles to university Patenting Activity reduce to four dimensions: lack of support mechanisms (including insufficient reward for researchers, lack of a TTO, lack of funds to cover Patenting costs), commercialisation problems, too heavy teaching and administrative duties, and personal/cultural problems (related to the scarce knowledge of institutional-level patent regulations and to the “open science” mentality of the university). Among them, however, only the lack of support by the university administration reduces the patent counts. Publication productivity has an inverted U-shaped relation with patent counts, but the overall effect is still largely positive, given the current publication levels.

  • implementing bayh dole like laws faculty problems and their impact on university Patenting Activity
    Social Science Research Network, 2008
    Co-Authors: Nicola Baldini
    Abstract:

    How to implement a Bayh-Dole-like legislation outside the US is still a major concern that need to be addressed. I fill this gap in two ways. First, I report the results of a faculty survey on obstacles to Patenting Activity in Italian universities, targeted both to inventors and to non-inventors which reported to engage in university Patenting Activity and to give up before any patents could be filed. Second, I investigate their effect in a regression model using universities’ patent counts as the dependent variable. Results show that obstacles to university Patenting Activity reduce to four dimensions: lack of support mechanisms (including insufficient reward for researchers, lack of a TTO, lack of funds to cover Patenting costs), commercialisation problems, too heavy teaching and administrative duties, and personal/cultural problems (related to the scarce knowledge of institutional-level patent regulations and to the “open science” mentality of the university). Among them, however, only the lack of support by the university administration reduces the patent counts. Publication productivity has an inverted U-shaped relation with patent counts, but the overall effect is still largely positive, given the current publication levels.

Martijn Van Hasselt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.