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Jarwadi Budi Hernowo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of The Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) Habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2018Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Cecep Kusmana, Ani MardiastutiAbstract:Information of javan green Peafowl habitat is commontly informate as general and only discribing typical habitat used. Details information and data of the componen habitat, availability and function such as (food resources, shelter, cover, drinking site, nesting site, etc), and characteristic function of habitat componen at every habitat type are very important to be known how habitat component support to the javan green Peafowl live Baluran and Alas Purwo national park is one of distribution javan green Peafowl and it was choosen to study on the habitat analysis. The research was aimed to is to analysis and synthesis of availability, fucntion and characteristic habitat of javan green Peafowl and to descripbe of ideal habitat for javan green Peafowl. Vegetation analysis was used as method approach to obtain composition, structure of vegetation and potential food, shelter, cover and nesting site. Base on activities of the bird and combaining with use of habitat component, analysis of habitat used was done. The result showed that javan green Peafowl get food at open area and feed much on grasses and shrubs.Drinking site is areal where water available contiously. The characteristic of feeding site is open area which is growth by grasses and shrubs. The shelter sites were used by the birds such as trees or ground bellow trees where are closed to feeding site. Characteristic roosting site is tall trees (emergent trees), the leaves are not dense, rather open, the branches of the trees form a relatively upright angle to the stem, and not far from the trees present the open area. The green Peafowl select nest places at open area which is grow by shrubs and put the eggs at the ground. The ideally habitat of the javan green Peafowl composed by open area which is growing by grasses and shrubs as feeding site, places where water resources available as drinking site, tree or shaded places as sheltering and resting site, tree, forest or dense shrubs for covering/refuge site, dust places for dusting activities, open area for dancing and open area which is growing by shrubs for nested places were compound closed each other.
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The grouping system and local distribution pattern analysis of Javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2018Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S AlikodraAbstract:Hernowo JB, Alikodra HS. 2018. The grouping system and local distribution pattern analysis of Javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1690-1695. The Javan green Peafowl population lives in a group system. The population applies a small size group system. The distribution of the birds in Java Island is randomly fragmented and isolated in several types of habitat and each has a small number of individuals in every group. Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia as part of Javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) distributions have been selected for the study on the grouping system and the analysis of local distribution. The research was aimed at obtaining data and information on the grouping system and local distribution of Javan green Peafowl population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park. The number of individuals and groups was counted by applying a transect method and a concentration method on every type of habitat where Peafowls are present. The distribution pattern data were analyzed by using a formula (Ludwig and Reynolds 1988). The results indicate that Javan green Peafowl population is living in small groups (2-4 birds). There are 5 types of Javan green Peafowl groups in Baluran National Park (BNP) and Alas Purwo National Park (APNP). The dominant group is adult female group consisting 3 individual members. The leader of the group is a female bird. Adult males live in solitary. The group system among Javan green Peafowl populations is a strategy of the birds. Local distribution of Javan green Peafowl populations in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks is mostly in the form of clumped dispersion.
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Determinant factors of the javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus, 1758) habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia
Tropical Drylands, 2017Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi HernowoAbstract:Hernowo JB. 2017. Determinant factors of the javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus) Linnaeus 1758 habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia. Trop Drylands 1: 50-56. Baluran National Park (BNP) and Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) are habitats of the natural distribution of the javan green Peafowl population. The javan green Peafowl chose certain places in BNP and APNP at several habitat types for their local distribution. The habitat types selected by the birds for their distribution in Baluran were savanna, beach forest, and monsoon forest. Meanwhile, in Alas Purwo, the Peafowl birds were distributed at grazing area and intercropping teak plantations. The habitat types selected by the javan green Peafowl in BNP and APNP were those that are comfort and save for the birds’ living. The present research aimed to obtain data and information on determinant factors of habitat influence on the presence of the bird at the habitat types. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to analyze determinant factors of habitat component. The results showed that the determinant factors of the javan green Peafowl habitat in BNP were the density of shelter, the density of food, the number of roost tree and the height of roost tree. Meanwhile, in APNP, the determinant habitat factors were the number of roost tree, the height of roost tree, and the number of continuously available water.
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behavior ecology of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national park east java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:The javan green Peafowl ( Pavo muticus muticus ) is a endangered bird species. They have big pressure to the population and the habitat. The fact that the birds are still exist on their local distribution. Behavior ecology of javan green Peafowl is dealing with activities, mechanism and strategies of the birds in relation to their environment. The aimed of the study is to obtain data and information of ecological adaptation strategies through the behavior activities, mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl in-relation to their habitat types. Ad libitum sampling method was used on continuous recording every Peafowl activities in relation with duration, frequencies mechanism and strategy were influenced by habitat type's condition. Chi-squre test was used for statistical analysis to know different behavior has influenced by habitat types. The result shown that the javan green Peafowl habitat typse has significant influenced on duration of the activities but not at the activities pattern. The walking during the feeding. select shading places or luxuriant trees close to feeding site, choosing tall trees or emergent trees close to open area as roost site, open area also road as display or dancing area, open area which grow shrubs as nesting site are javan green Peafowl ecological behavior strategies. The mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl behavior ecology are related to avoid from disturbance and to adapt their habitat type's conditions.
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population analysis of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national parks east java
Biodiversitas, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:Hernowo JB, Alikodra HS, Mardiastuti A, Kusmana C (2011) Population analysis of the javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java. Biodiversitas 12: 99-106. The javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus) have high pressure to the population and the habitat. The distribution of the bird at Java Island is clumped randomly at several types in condition of fragmented and isolated habitat and it has small individual number every unit population. Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks are one of distribution javan green Peafowl; it was chosen for study on the population analysis. The research was aimed to gain data and information on demographic population of javan green Peafowl. The individual number of the bird was countedby call count transect method and councentration count. The population demographic parameter (individual number, age structure and sex ratio) of javan green Peafowl was analyzed. The result shown that individual number of the javan green Peafowl at Baluran National Park (BNP) was 69.1 birds (in 2006) and 70.5 birds (in 2007) not much differ, but it compared with the observation in1995 approximately was 117.7 birds had significant different. The green Peafowl population at BNP declined around 47.50% during 12 years. Meanwhile the population at Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) was 80.7 birds (in 2006) and 73.5 birds (in 2007), if compared to observation in 1998 only 43 birds and in 2006 was 80.0 birds, the population grow up 86.05% during 8 years. The age structure of population indicated that both population (BNP and APNP) tend to unbalance pyramidal, where adult birds more abundance than sub adult or juvenile. The birds sex ratio at both (APNP and BNP) indicated that the Peafowl life in polygyny system 1 male: 4 female > 1 male: 2.5 female.Key words: population, javan green Peafowl, Baluran, Alas Purwo.
Kuldeep Dhama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pathological and molecular studies of the renal trematode Paratanaisia bragai in Indian Peafowls (Pavo cristatus).
Acta parasitologica, 2018Co-Authors: M. Asok Kumar, Deepak Kumar, M Palanivelu, Latchumikanthan Annamalai, Karikalan Mathesh, Rajendra Singh, Anil Kumar Sharma, Kuldeep DhamaAbstract:Endoparasitic diseases are commonly encountered in free-ranging birds. Although not all endoparasites cause disease, persistent infection with large numbers of parasites almost always affects normal physiological functions, leading to deleterious effects on the host. This paper describes the anatomopathological alterations caused by the renal trematode Paratanaisia bragai in Indian Peafowl (n = 3) and examines the phylogeny of these and related parasites. Peafowl from forests in and around the Bareilly region, Uttar Pradesh, India, were necropsied, and microscopic and molecular investigations were performed. The Peafowl were confirmed to be infected with P. bragai. Significant gross pathological lesions suggested nephrosis, and microscopic findings indicated a mild-to-moderate degree of nephrosis caused by the parasites in the tissue. The parasites were identified as P. bragai by histomorphological analysis of adult and eggs in the ureters, and the identification was confirmed by PCR and phylogenetic analysis. Nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products from the renal trematodes recovered from Indian Peafowl revealed a close association with P. bragai from Columbiformes in the United Kingdom and Spain. The pathology and molecular epidemiology of parasitic diseases affecting Peafowl is not well understood in India. This is the first report from India and the second report worldwide to document P. bragai infection in Peafowl.
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pathological and molecular studies of the renal trematode paratanaisia bragai in indian Peafowls pavo cristatus
Acta Parasitologica, 2018Co-Authors: Asok M Kumar, Deepak Kumar, M Palanivelu, Latchumikanthan Annamalai, Karikalan Mathesh, Rajendra Singh, Anil Kumar Sharma, Kuldeep DhamaAbstract:Endoparasitic diseases are commonly encountered in free-ranging birds. Although not all endoparasites cause disease, persistent infection with large numbers of parasites almost always affects normal physiological functions, leading to deleterious effects on the host. This paper describes the anatomopathological alterations caused by the renal trematode Paratanaisia bragai in Indian Peafowl (n = 3) and examines the phylogeny of these and related parasites. Peafowl from forests in and around the Bareilly region, Uttar Pradesh, India, were necropsied, and microscopic and molecular investigations were performed. The Peafowl were confirmed to be infected with P. bragai. Significant gross pathological lesions suggested nephrosis, and microscopic findings indicated a mild-to-moderate degree of nephrosis caused by the parasites in the tissue. The parasites were identified as P. bragai by histomorphological analysis of adult and eggs in the ureters, and the identification was confirmed by PCR and phylogenetic analysis. Nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products from the renal trematodes recovered from Indian Peafowl revealed a close association with P. bragai from Columbiformes in the United Kingdom and Spain. The pathology and molecular epidemiology of parasitic diseases affecting Peafowl is not well understood in India. This is the first report from India and the second report worldwide to document P. bragai infection in Peafowl.
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Clinicopathological characterization of experimental infection in chickens with sub-genotype VIIi Newcastle disease virus isolated from Peafowl.
Microbial pathogenesis, 2017Co-Authors: P. A. Desingu, Shravan Singh, Kuldeep Dhama, O.r. Vinodh Kumar, Yashpal Singh Malik, R. K. SinghAbstract:Newcastle disease (ND) is an economically important viral disease distressing poultry industry across the globe. Herein, we report the clinicopathology of sub-genotype VIIi Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from Peafowl in chickens. The virus isolate produced systemic infection with prominent tropism in visceral organs in chicken, confirmed on the basis of gross and microscopic lesions, and immunohistochemistry findings. The experimentally infected chickens exhibited 100% mortality with severe hemorrhagic lesions in the proventriculus and intestine, especially marked lymphocytolysis in spleen and bursa. The virus could be re-isolated from the cloacal swabs of infected chickens during 4th to 6th dpi (on 6th dpi all birds died), and all were tested positive in conventional RT-PCR. This is the first report on clinicopathology of NDV isolated from Peafowl and/or sub-genotype VIIi NDV in experimentally infected chickens. Explorative epidemiological and molecular studies are suggested to screen wild Peafowls and poultry flocks of the country for establishing the occurrence of this sub-genotype and opting for appropriate prevention and control strategies.
Cecep Kusmana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of The Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) Habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2018Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Cecep Kusmana, Ani MardiastutiAbstract:Information of javan green Peafowl habitat is commontly informate as general and only discribing typical habitat used. Details information and data of the componen habitat, availability and function such as (food resources, shelter, cover, drinking site, nesting site, etc), and characteristic function of habitat componen at every habitat type are very important to be known how habitat component support to the javan green Peafowl live Baluran and Alas Purwo national park is one of distribution javan green Peafowl and it was choosen to study on the habitat analysis. The research was aimed to is to analysis and synthesis of availability, fucntion and characteristic habitat of javan green Peafowl and to descripbe of ideal habitat for javan green Peafowl. Vegetation analysis was used as method approach to obtain composition, structure of vegetation and potential food, shelter, cover and nesting site. Base on activities of the bird and combaining with use of habitat component, analysis of habitat used was done. The result showed that javan green Peafowl get food at open area and feed much on grasses and shrubs.Drinking site is areal where water available contiously. The characteristic of feeding site is open area which is growth by grasses and shrubs. The shelter sites were used by the birds such as trees or ground bellow trees where are closed to feeding site. Characteristic roosting site is tall trees (emergent trees), the leaves are not dense, rather open, the branches of the trees form a relatively upright angle to the stem, and not far from the trees present the open area. The green Peafowl select nest places at open area which is grow by shrubs and put the eggs at the ground. The ideally habitat of the javan green Peafowl composed by open area which is growing by grasses and shrubs as feeding site, places where water resources available as drinking site, tree or shaded places as sheltering and resting site, tree, forest or dense shrubs for covering/refuge site, dust places for dusting activities, open area for dancing and open area which is growing by shrubs for nested places were compound closed each other.
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behavior ecology of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national park east java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:The javan green Peafowl ( Pavo muticus muticus ) is a endangered bird species. They have big pressure to the population and the habitat. The fact that the birds are still exist on their local distribution. Behavior ecology of javan green Peafowl is dealing with activities, mechanism and strategies of the birds in relation to their environment. The aimed of the study is to obtain data and information of ecological adaptation strategies through the behavior activities, mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl in-relation to their habitat types. Ad libitum sampling method was used on continuous recording every Peafowl activities in relation with duration, frequencies mechanism and strategy were influenced by habitat type's condition. Chi-squre test was used for statistical analysis to know different behavior has influenced by habitat types. The result shown that the javan green Peafowl habitat typse has significant influenced on duration of the activities but not at the activities pattern. The walking during the feeding. select shading places or luxuriant trees close to feeding site, choosing tall trees or emergent trees close to open area as roost site, open area also road as display or dancing area, open area which grow shrubs as nesting site are javan green Peafowl ecological behavior strategies. The mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl behavior ecology are related to avoid from disturbance and to adapt their habitat type's conditions.
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population analysis of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national parks east java
Biodiversitas, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:Hernowo JB, Alikodra HS, Mardiastuti A, Kusmana C (2011) Population analysis of the javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java. Biodiversitas 12: 99-106. The javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus) have high pressure to the population and the habitat. The distribution of the bird at Java Island is clumped randomly at several types in condition of fragmented and isolated habitat and it has small individual number every unit population. Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks are one of distribution javan green Peafowl; it was chosen for study on the population analysis. The research was aimed to gain data and information on demographic population of javan green Peafowl. The individual number of the bird was countedby call count transect method and councentration count. The population demographic parameter (individual number, age structure and sex ratio) of javan green Peafowl was analyzed. The result shown that individual number of the javan green Peafowl at Baluran National Park (BNP) was 69.1 birds (in 2006) and 70.5 birds (in 2007) not much differ, but it compared with the observation in1995 approximately was 117.7 birds had significant different. The green Peafowl population at BNP declined around 47.50% during 12 years. Meanwhile the population at Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) was 80.7 birds (in 2006) and 73.5 birds (in 2007), if compared to observation in 1998 only 43 birds and in 2006 was 80.0 birds, the population grow up 86.05% during 8 years. The age structure of population indicated that both population (BNP and APNP) tend to unbalance pyramidal, where adult birds more abundance than sub adult or juvenile. The birds sex ratio at both (APNP and BNP) indicated that the Peafowl life in polygyny system 1 male: 4 female > 1 male: 2.5 female.Key words: population, javan green Peafowl, Baluran, Alas Purwo.
Ani Mardiastuti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of The Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) Habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2018Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Cecep Kusmana, Ani MardiastutiAbstract:Information of javan green Peafowl habitat is commontly informate as general and only discribing typical habitat used. Details information and data of the componen habitat, availability and function such as (food resources, shelter, cover, drinking site, nesting site, etc), and characteristic function of habitat componen at every habitat type are very important to be known how habitat component support to the javan green Peafowl live Baluran and Alas Purwo national park is one of distribution javan green Peafowl and it was choosen to study on the habitat analysis. The research was aimed to is to analysis and synthesis of availability, fucntion and characteristic habitat of javan green Peafowl and to descripbe of ideal habitat for javan green Peafowl. Vegetation analysis was used as method approach to obtain composition, structure of vegetation and potential food, shelter, cover and nesting site. Base on activities of the bird and combaining with use of habitat component, analysis of habitat used was done. The result showed that javan green Peafowl get food at open area and feed much on grasses and shrubs.Drinking site is areal where water available contiously. The characteristic of feeding site is open area which is growth by grasses and shrubs. The shelter sites were used by the birds such as trees or ground bellow trees where are closed to feeding site. Characteristic roosting site is tall trees (emergent trees), the leaves are not dense, rather open, the branches of the trees form a relatively upright angle to the stem, and not far from the trees present the open area. The green Peafowl select nest places at open area which is grow by shrubs and put the eggs at the ground. The ideally habitat of the javan green Peafowl composed by open area which is growing by grasses and shrubs as feeding site, places where water resources available as drinking site, tree or shaded places as sheltering and resting site, tree, forest or dense shrubs for covering/refuge site, dust places for dusting activities, open area for dancing and open area which is growing by shrubs for nested places were compound closed each other.
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behavior ecology of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national park east java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:The javan green Peafowl ( Pavo muticus muticus ) is a endangered bird species. They have big pressure to the population and the habitat. The fact that the birds are still exist on their local distribution. Behavior ecology of javan green Peafowl is dealing with activities, mechanism and strategies of the birds in relation to their environment. The aimed of the study is to obtain data and information of ecological adaptation strategies through the behavior activities, mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl in-relation to their habitat types. Ad libitum sampling method was used on continuous recording every Peafowl activities in relation with duration, frequencies mechanism and strategy were influenced by habitat type's condition. Chi-squre test was used for statistical analysis to know different behavior has influenced by habitat types. The result shown that the javan green Peafowl habitat typse has significant influenced on duration of the activities but not at the activities pattern. The walking during the feeding. select shading places or luxuriant trees close to feeding site, choosing tall trees or emergent trees close to open area as roost site, open area also road as display or dancing area, open area which grow shrubs as nesting site are javan green Peafowl ecological behavior strategies. The mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl behavior ecology are related to avoid from disturbance and to adapt their habitat type's conditions.
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population analysis of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national parks east java
Biodiversitas, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:Hernowo JB, Alikodra HS, Mardiastuti A, Kusmana C (2011) Population analysis of the javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java. Biodiversitas 12: 99-106. The javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus) have high pressure to the population and the habitat. The distribution of the bird at Java Island is clumped randomly at several types in condition of fragmented and isolated habitat and it has small individual number every unit population. Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks are one of distribution javan green Peafowl; it was chosen for study on the population analysis. The research was aimed to gain data and information on demographic population of javan green Peafowl. The individual number of the bird was countedby call count transect method and councentration count. The population demographic parameter (individual number, age structure and sex ratio) of javan green Peafowl was analyzed. The result shown that individual number of the javan green Peafowl at Baluran National Park (BNP) was 69.1 birds (in 2006) and 70.5 birds (in 2007) not much differ, but it compared with the observation in1995 approximately was 117.7 birds had significant different. The green Peafowl population at BNP declined around 47.50% during 12 years. Meanwhile the population at Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) was 80.7 birds (in 2006) and 73.5 birds (in 2007), if compared to observation in 1998 only 43 birds and in 2006 was 80.0 birds, the population grow up 86.05% during 8 years. The age structure of population indicated that both population (BNP and APNP) tend to unbalance pyramidal, where adult birds more abundance than sub adult or juvenile. The birds sex ratio at both (APNP and BNP) indicated that the Peafowl life in polygyny system 1 male: 4 female > 1 male: 2.5 female.Key words: population, javan green Peafowl, Baluran, Alas Purwo.
Hadi S Alikodra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of The Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) Habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2018Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Cecep Kusmana, Ani MardiastutiAbstract:Information of javan green Peafowl habitat is commontly informate as general and only discribing typical habitat used. Details information and data of the componen habitat, availability and function such as (food resources, shelter, cover, drinking site, nesting site, etc), and characteristic function of habitat componen at every habitat type are very important to be known how habitat component support to the javan green Peafowl live Baluran and Alas Purwo national park is one of distribution javan green Peafowl and it was choosen to study on the habitat analysis. The research was aimed to is to analysis and synthesis of availability, fucntion and characteristic habitat of javan green Peafowl and to descripbe of ideal habitat for javan green Peafowl. Vegetation analysis was used as method approach to obtain composition, structure of vegetation and potential food, shelter, cover and nesting site. Base on activities of the bird and combaining with use of habitat component, analysis of habitat used was done. The result showed that javan green Peafowl get food at open area and feed much on grasses and shrubs.Drinking site is areal where water available contiously. The characteristic of feeding site is open area which is growth by grasses and shrubs. The shelter sites were used by the birds such as trees or ground bellow trees where are closed to feeding site. Characteristic roosting site is tall trees (emergent trees), the leaves are not dense, rather open, the branches of the trees form a relatively upright angle to the stem, and not far from the trees present the open area. The green Peafowl select nest places at open area which is grow by shrubs and put the eggs at the ground. The ideally habitat of the javan green Peafowl composed by open area which is growing by grasses and shrubs as feeding site, places where water resources available as drinking site, tree or shaded places as sheltering and resting site, tree, forest or dense shrubs for covering/refuge site, dust places for dusting activities, open area for dancing and open area which is growing by shrubs for nested places were compound closed each other.
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The grouping system and local distribution pattern analysis of Javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2018Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S AlikodraAbstract:Hernowo JB, Alikodra HS. 2018. The grouping system and local distribution pattern analysis of Javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1690-1695. The Javan green Peafowl population lives in a group system. The population applies a small size group system. The distribution of the birds in Java Island is randomly fragmented and isolated in several types of habitat and each has a small number of individuals in every group. Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia as part of Javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) distributions have been selected for the study on the grouping system and the analysis of local distribution. The research was aimed at obtaining data and information on the grouping system and local distribution of Javan green Peafowl population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park. The number of individuals and groups was counted by applying a transect method and a concentration method on every type of habitat where Peafowls are present. The distribution pattern data were analyzed by using a formula (Ludwig and Reynolds 1988). The results indicate that Javan green Peafowl population is living in small groups (2-4 birds). There are 5 types of Javan green Peafowl groups in Baluran National Park (BNP) and Alas Purwo National Park (APNP). The dominant group is adult female group consisting 3 individual members. The leader of the group is a female bird. Adult males live in solitary. The group system among Javan green Peafowl populations is a strategy of the birds. Local distribution of Javan green Peafowl populations in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks is mostly in the form of clumped dispersion.
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behavior ecology of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national park east java
Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:The javan green Peafowl ( Pavo muticus muticus ) is a endangered bird species. They have big pressure to the population and the habitat. The fact that the birds are still exist on their local distribution. Behavior ecology of javan green Peafowl is dealing with activities, mechanism and strategies of the birds in relation to their environment. The aimed of the study is to obtain data and information of ecological adaptation strategies through the behavior activities, mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl in-relation to their habitat types. Ad libitum sampling method was used on continuous recording every Peafowl activities in relation with duration, frequencies mechanism and strategy were influenced by habitat type's condition. Chi-squre test was used for statistical analysis to know different behavior has influenced by habitat types. The result shown that the javan green Peafowl habitat typse has significant influenced on duration of the activities but not at the activities pattern. The walking during the feeding. select shading places or luxuriant trees close to feeding site, choosing tall trees or emergent trees close to open area as roost site, open area also road as display or dancing area, open area which grow shrubs as nesting site are javan green Peafowl ecological behavior strategies. The mechanism and strategies of javan green Peafowl behavior ecology are related to avoid from disturbance and to adapt their habitat type's conditions.
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population analysis of the javan green Peafowl pavo muticus muticus linnaeus 1758 in baluran and alas purwo national parks east java
Biodiversitas, 2011Co-Authors: Jarwadi Budi Hernowo, Hadi S Alikodra, Ani Mardiastuti, Cecep KusmanaAbstract:Hernowo JB, Alikodra HS, Mardiastuti A, Kusmana C (2011) Population analysis of the javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java. Biodiversitas 12: 99-106. The javan green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus) have high pressure to the population and the habitat. The distribution of the bird at Java Island is clumped randomly at several types in condition of fragmented and isolated habitat and it has small individual number every unit population. Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks are one of distribution javan green Peafowl; it was chosen for study on the population analysis. The research was aimed to gain data and information on demographic population of javan green Peafowl. The individual number of the bird was countedby call count transect method and councentration count. The population demographic parameter (individual number, age structure and sex ratio) of javan green Peafowl was analyzed. The result shown that individual number of the javan green Peafowl at Baluran National Park (BNP) was 69.1 birds (in 2006) and 70.5 birds (in 2007) not much differ, but it compared with the observation in1995 approximately was 117.7 birds had significant different. The green Peafowl population at BNP declined around 47.50% during 12 years. Meanwhile the population at Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) was 80.7 birds (in 2006) and 73.5 birds (in 2007), if compared to observation in 1998 only 43 birds and in 2006 was 80.0 birds, the population grow up 86.05% during 8 years. The age structure of population indicated that both population (BNP and APNP) tend to unbalance pyramidal, where adult birds more abundance than sub adult or juvenile. The birds sex ratio at both (APNP and BNP) indicated that the Peafowl life in polygyny system 1 male: 4 female > 1 male: 2.5 female.Key words: population, javan green Peafowl, Baluran, Alas Purwo.
