The Experts below are selected from a list of 123927 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bashar Katirji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability.
Handbook of clinical neurology, 2019Co-Authors: Bashar KatirjiAbstract:Neuromyotonic and myokymic discharges are abnormal electrical muscular discharges caused by ectopic discharges from motor axons and represent the hallmarks of Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability. Neuromyotonic discharges are specific for Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes, whereas myokymic discharges may occur either focally or in a more generalized fashion in many other Peripheral Nerve disorders. Isaacs syndrome and Morvan syndrome are rare acquired Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability disorders that share common clinical features and are often associated with elevated voltage-gated potassium channel-complex antibodies. Central nervous system symptomatology is more common in Morvan syndrome, which also overlaps with limbic encephalitis. Cramp-fasciculation syndrome, a more common syndrome, may represent a milder form of Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability. Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes should be distinguished from stiff person syndrome, myotonic disorders, and rippling muscle disease. When severe, Isaacs syndrome and Morvan syndrome may be disabling but often respond to membrane-stabilizing drugs and immunomodulatory treatments. The electrophysiologic features of these disorders are described.
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Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability Syndromes.
Continuum (Minneapolis Minn.), 2017Co-Authors: Komal Sawlani, Bashar KatirjiAbstract:This article provides a review of the clinical phenotypes and evaluation of Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes. These rare diagnoses include cramp-fasciculation syndrome, Isaacs syndrome, and Morvan syndrome. Recent investigations have led to an understanding of the autoimmune underpinnings of these conditions and their specific associated antibodies. As the presentation of Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes includes muscle stiffness, twitches, and spasms, which are also shared with certain central nervous system and myopathic conditions, the differential diagnosis of Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes is reviewed. Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes share clinical and electrodiagnostic evidence of motor Nerve instability; however, their clinical presentations are varied. Case reviews have helped us understand the spectrum of symptoms associated with the three Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes reviewed here: cramp-fasciculation syndrome, Isaacs syndrome, and Morvan syndrome. More recently, research has focused on understanding the voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies as well as neoplasms associated with these conditions. The diagnosis of Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes requires a high index of suspicion, support from the physical examination, familiarity with the spectrum of symptoms associated with Peripheral Nerve hyperexcitability syndromes, and recognition of diagnostic EMG features. Voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies are associated with these conditions. Optimum treatment and autoimmune pathogenesis remain areas of active research.
Michel Kliot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Peripheral Nerve imaging.
Handbook of clinical neurology, 2016Co-Authors: Neil G Simon, Jason Talbott, Cynthia T Chin, Michel KliotAbstract:Disorders of Peripheral Nerve have been traditionally diagnosed and monitored using clinical and electrodiagnostic approaches. The last two decades have seen rapid development of both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound imaging of Peripheral Nerve, such that these imaging modalities are increasingly invaluable to the diagnosis of patients with Peripheral Nerve disorders. Peripheral Nerve imaging provides information which is supplementary to clinical and electrodiagnostic diagnosis. Both MRI and ultrasound have particular benefits in specific clinical circumstances and can be considered as complementary techniques. These technologic developments in Peripheral Nerve imaging will usher in an era of multimodality assessment of Peripheral Nerve disorders, with clinical evaluations supported by anatomic information from imaging, and functional information from electrodiagnostic studies. Such a multimodality approach will improve the accuracy and efficiency of patient care.
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Evaluation and surgical management of Peripheral Nerve problems
Neurosurgery, 1999Co-Authors: Gerald A. Grant, Robert Goodkin, Michel KliotAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To illustrate how an understanding of the basic biological responses of Peripheral Nerves to injury is important in formulating a rational treatment plan. METHODS: Peripheral Nerve anatomy and physiology are described in a context that is relevant to understanding the different grades of Peripheral Nerve injury. Methods of evaluating and treating Peripheral Nerve injuries both medically and surgically are reviewed. Relevant scientific studies with potential clinical impact are also discussed. RESULTS: The clinical symptoms, physical findings, and electrodiagnostic and imaging test results relevant to the diagnosis of Peripheral Nerve problems are reviewed. Conventional and new medical or surgical strategies in the management of Peripheral Nerve injuries and mass lesions are described. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis and treatment of Peripheral Nerve injuries follow logically from an understanding of the biological responses of Peripheral Nerves after injury and during recovery.
Cesario V. Borlongan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Peripheral Nerve injury stem cell therapy and Peripheral Nerve transfer
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2016Co-Authors: Robert Sullivan, Travis Dailey, Kelsey Duncan, Naomi Abel, Cesario V. BorlonganAbstract:Peripheral Nerve injury can lead to great morbidity in those afflicted, ranging from sensory loss, motor loss, chronic pain, or a combination of deficits. Over time, research has investigated neuronal molecular mechanisms implicated in Nerve damage, classified Nerve injury, and developed surgical techniques for treatment. Despite these advancements, full functional recovery remains less than ideal. In this review, we discuss historical aspects of Peripheral Nerve injury and introduce Nerve transfer as a therapeutic option, as well as an adjunct therapy to transplantation of Schwann cells and their stem cell derivatives for repair of the damaged Nerve. This review furthermore, will provide an elaborated discussion on the sources of Schwann cells, including sites to harvest their progenitor and stem cell lines. This reflects the accessibility to an additional, concurrent treatment approach with Nerve transfers that, predicated on related research, may increase the efficacy of the current approach. We then discuss the experimental and clinical investigations of both Schwann cells and Nerve transfer that are underway. Lastly, we provide the necessary consideration that these two lines of therapeutic approaches should not be exclusive, but conversely, should be pursued as a combined modality given their mutual role in Peripheral Nerve regeneration.
Curtis W. Hayes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sonographic characteristics of Peripheral Nerve sheath tumors.
AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2004Co-Authors: David Reynolds, Jon A. Jacobson, Prasuna Inampudi, David A. Jamadar, Farhad S. Ebrahim, Curtis W. HayesAbstract:OBJECTIVE. We have found variability in the sonographic appearance of Peripheral Nerve sheath tumors. The purpose of this study was to characterize the sonographic appearances of pathologically proven Peripheral Nerve sheath tumors.CONCLUSION. Peripheral Nerve sheath tumors are often hypoechoic with posterior acoustic enhancement and so may simulate a ganglion cyst. The presence of intrinsic blood flow on color Doppler sonography and Peripheral Nerve continuity suggests the diagnosis of Peripheral Nerve sheath tumor. Sonography cannot reliably distinguish neurofibromas from schwannomas.
Dyda Dao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Utility of Peripheral Nerve Blocks in Interventional Radiology.
AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2016Co-Authors: Mehran Midia, Dyda DaoAbstract:OBJECTIVE. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of Peripheral Nerve blocks, the use of Peripheral Nerve block within and outside interventional radiology, and the complications of Peripheral Nerve block. CONCLUSION. Interventional radiologists are often responsible for sedation and pain management in the majority of interventional radiology procedures. Peripheral Nerve block is increasingly being used in interventional radiology.
