The Experts below are selected from a list of 45561 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Mohan K Raizada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Permanent cardiovascular protection from hypertension by the at1 receptor antisense gene therapy in hypertensive rat offspring
    Circulation Research, 1999
    Co-Authors: Phyllis Y Reaves, Craig H Gelband, Hongwei Wang, Hong Yang, Kathleen H Berecek, Michael J Katovich, Mohan K Raizada
    Abstract:

    Abstract—Our previous studies have demonstrated that the introduction of angiotensin II type I receptor antisense (AT1R-AS) cDNA by a retrovirally mediated delivery system prevents the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), an animal model for primary hypertension in humans. These results have led us to propose the hypothesis that an interruption of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity at a genetic level would prevent hypertension on a Permanent Basis. F1 and F2 generations of offspring from a retroviral vector, LNSV- and LNSV-AT1R-AS–treated SHR, were generated, and various physiological parameters indicative of hypertension were studied and compared with those of their parents to investigate this hypothesis. Both F1 and F2 generations of LNSV-AT1R-AS–treated SHR expressed a persistently lower blood pressure, decreased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, decreased medial thickness, and normalization of renal artery excitation-contraction coupling, Ca2+ current, and ...

  • chronic control of high blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat by delivery of angiotensin type 1 receptor antisense
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1996
    Co-Authors: Shridhar N Iyer, Michael J Katovich, Mohan K Raizada
    Abstract:

    Abstract The renin-angiotensin system plays a crucial role in the development and establishment of the hypertensive state in the spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rat. Interruption of this system's activity by pharmacological means results in the lowering of blood pressure (BP) and control of hypertension. However, such means are temporary and require the continuous use of drugs for the control of this pathophysiological state. Our objective in this investigation was to determine if a virally mediated gene-transfer approach using angiotensin type 1 receptor antisense (AT1R-AS) could be used to control hypertension on a long-term Basis in the SH rat model of human essential hypertension. Injection of viral particles containing AT1R-AS (LNSV-AT1R-AS) in 5-day-old rats resulted in a lowering of BP exclusively in the SH rat and not in the Wistar Kyoto normotensive control. A maximal anti-hypertensive response of 33 +/- 5 mmHg was observed, was maintained throughout development, and still persisted 3 months after administration of LNSV-AT1R-AS. The lowering of BP was associated with the expression of AT1R-AS transcript and decreases in AT1-receptor in many peripheral angiotensin II target tissues such as mesenteric artery, adrenal gland, heart, and kidney. Attenuation of angiotensin II-stimulated physiological actions such as contraction of aortic rings and increase in BP was also observed in the LNSV-AT1R-AS-treated SH rat. These observations show that a single injection of LNSV-AT1R-AS normalizes BP in the SH rat on a long-term Basis. They suggest that such a gene-transfer strategy can be successfully used to control the development of hypertension on a Permanent Basis.

Raija Korpelainen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the built environment as a determinant of physical activity a systematic review of longitudinal studies and natural experiments
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mikko Karmeniemi, Tiina Lankila, Tiina M Ikaheimo, Heli Koivumaahonkanen, Raija Korpelainen
    Abstract:

    Background Physical inactivity is a global problem that increases the risk of many chronic diseases and shortens life expectancy. The built environment contributes to physical inactivity through accessibility of amenities and transportation patterns. With better urban planning, cities could be designed to enhance active transportation and population health on a Permanent Basis. Purpose We conducted a systematic review to identify determinants of the built environment associated with physical activity and to evaluate how changes in the built environment are associated with changes in physical activity. Methods We searched six databases, from the inception of each until December 2015, for studies that were written in English, used longitudinal before-and-after design and assessed changes in both the built environment and physical activity. A total of 21 prospective cohort studies and 30 natural experiments were included in the review. Results The review showed that changes in the built environment and in physical activity were related. A higher objective accessibility and new infrastructure for walking, cycling and public transportation were associated with increased overall and transportation-related physical activity. Some evidence was found for perceived aesthetics and safety as determinants of physical activity. Conclusions Improved objectively measured accessibility of different type of destinations and public transportation and land use mix were associated with increased physical activity. Creating new infrastructure for walking, cycling and public transportation could induce demand for walking and cycling. The results support the creation of compact and diverse residential areas and investments into infrastructure that encourage active modes of transportation.

Michael J Katovich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Permanent cardiovascular protection from hypertension by the at1 receptor antisense gene therapy in hypertensive rat offspring
    Circulation Research, 1999
    Co-Authors: Phyllis Y Reaves, Craig H Gelband, Hongwei Wang, Hong Yang, Kathleen H Berecek, Michael J Katovich, Mohan K Raizada
    Abstract:

    Abstract—Our previous studies have demonstrated that the introduction of angiotensin II type I receptor antisense (AT1R-AS) cDNA by a retrovirally mediated delivery system prevents the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), an animal model for primary hypertension in humans. These results have led us to propose the hypothesis that an interruption of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity at a genetic level would prevent hypertension on a Permanent Basis. F1 and F2 generations of offspring from a retroviral vector, LNSV- and LNSV-AT1R-AS–treated SHR, were generated, and various physiological parameters indicative of hypertension were studied and compared with those of their parents to investigate this hypothesis. Both F1 and F2 generations of LNSV-AT1R-AS–treated SHR expressed a persistently lower blood pressure, decreased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, decreased medial thickness, and normalization of renal artery excitation-contraction coupling, Ca2+ current, and ...

  • chronic control of high blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rat by delivery of angiotensin type 1 receptor antisense
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1996
    Co-Authors: Shridhar N Iyer, Michael J Katovich, Mohan K Raizada
    Abstract:

    Abstract The renin-angiotensin system plays a crucial role in the development and establishment of the hypertensive state in the spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rat. Interruption of this system's activity by pharmacological means results in the lowering of blood pressure (BP) and control of hypertension. However, such means are temporary and require the continuous use of drugs for the control of this pathophysiological state. Our objective in this investigation was to determine if a virally mediated gene-transfer approach using angiotensin type 1 receptor antisense (AT1R-AS) could be used to control hypertension on a long-term Basis in the SH rat model of human essential hypertension. Injection of viral particles containing AT1R-AS (LNSV-AT1R-AS) in 5-day-old rats resulted in a lowering of BP exclusively in the SH rat and not in the Wistar Kyoto normotensive control. A maximal anti-hypertensive response of 33 +/- 5 mmHg was observed, was maintained throughout development, and still persisted 3 months after administration of LNSV-AT1R-AS. The lowering of BP was associated with the expression of AT1R-AS transcript and decreases in AT1-receptor in many peripheral angiotensin II target tissues such as mesenteric artery, adrenal gland, heart, and kidney. Attenuation of angiotensin II-stimulated physiological actions such as contraction of aortic rings and increase in BP was also observed in the LNSV-AT1R-AS-treated SH rat. These observations show that a single injection of LNSV-AT1R-AS normalizes BP in the SH rat on a long-term Basis. They suggest that such a gene-transfer strategy can be successfully used to control the development of hypertension on a Permanent Basis.

Mikko Karmeniemi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the built environment as a determinant of physical activity a systematic review of longitudinal studies and natural experiments
    Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mikko Karmeniemi, Tiina Lankila, Tiina M Ikaheimo, Heli Koivumaahonkanen, Raija Korpelainen
    Abstract:

    Background Physical inactivity is a global problem that increases the risk of many chronic diseases and shortens life expectancy. The built environment contributes to physical inactivity through accessibility of amenities and transportation patterns. With better urban planning, cities could be designed to enhance active transportation and population health on a Permanent Basis. Purpose We conducted a systematic review to identify determinants of the built environment associated with physical activity and to evaluate how changes in the built environment are associated with changes in physical activity. Methods We searched six databases, from the inception of each until December 2015, for studies that were written in English, used longitudinal before-and-after design and assessed changes in both the built environment and physical activity. A total of 21 prospective cohort studies and 30 natural experiments were included in the review. Results The review showed that changes in the built environment and in physical activity were related. A higher objective accessibility and new infrastructure for walking, cycling and public transportation were associated with increased overall and transportation-related physical activity. Some evidence was found for perceived aesthetics and safety as determinants of physical activity. Conclusions Improved objectively measured accessibility of different type of destinations and public transportation and land use mix were associated with increased physical activity. Creating new infrastructure for walking, cycling and public transportation could induce demand for walking and cycling. The results support the creation of compact and diverse residential areas and investments into infrastructure that encourage active modes of transportation.

Phyllis Y Reaves - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Permanent cardiovascular protection from hypertension by the at1 receptor antisense gene therapy in hypertensive rat offspring
    Circulation Research, 1999
    Co-Authors: Phyllis Y Reaves, Craig H Gelband, Hongwei Wang, Hong Yang, Kathleen H Berecek, Michael J Katovich, Mohan K Raizada
    Abstract:

    Abstract—Our previous studies have demonstrated that the introduction of angiotensin II type I receptor antisense (AT1R-AS) cDNA by a retrovirally mediated delivery system prevents the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), an animal model for primary hypertension in humans. These results have led us to propose the hypothesis that an interruption of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity at a genetic level would prevent hypertension on a Permanent Basis. F1 and F2 generations of offspring from a retroviral vector, LNSV- and LNSV-AT1R-AS–treated SHR, were generated, and various physiological parameters indicative of hypertension were studied and compared with those of their parents to investigate this hypothesis. Both F1 and F2 generations of LNSV-AT1R-AS–treated SHR expressed a persistently lower blood pressure, decreased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, decreased medial thickness, and normalization of renal artery excitation-contraction coupling, Ca2+ current, and ...