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Guido Schnabel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of nutrient status, pH, temperature and water potential on germination and growth of Rhizopus stolonifer and Gilbertella Persicaria.
Journal of Plant Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: A. Amiri, W. Chai, Guido SchnabelAbstract:Understanding the impact of environmental factors favouring natural niches of plant pathogens is a key component toward designing efficient management strategies. Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Vuill. and Gilbertella Persicaria (E.D. Eddy) Hesseltine are two economically important pathogens that are commonly associated in simultaneous infections of many stone and pome fruits. The ability of R. stolonifer and G. pesicaria to assimilate diverse carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sources and the effect of pH and the interaction temperature/ water potential (?) on their conidial germination and growth were investigated. The fungi were grown on a liquid medium containing D-glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, or raffinose as C sources and urea, NH4NO3, NaNO2, glycine, or glutamine as N sources. The biomass production of R. stolonifer was the greatest when sucrose and fructose were used as C sources, respectively, whereas biomass production of G. Persicaria was greater on fructose and glucose than on other sources. Glutamine and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) used as N sources yielded the highest biomass for R. stolonifer and G. Persicaria, respectively. Sporangiospore germination and mycelial growth of R. stolonifer and G. Persicaria were optimal between pH 3 and 10 and were totally inhibited at pH =2.5. The two fungi were affected by the interaction of temperature and ?. Both R. stolonifer and G. Persicaria were sensitive to low temperatures (
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effect of nutrient status ph temperature and water potential on germination and growth of rhizopus stolonifer and gilbertella Persicaria
Journal of Plant Pathology, 2011Co-Authors: A. Amiri, W. Chai, Guido SchnabelAbstract:Understanding the impact of environmental factors favouring natural niches of plant pathogens is a key component toward designing efficient management strategies. Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Vuill. and Gilbertella Persicaria (E.D. Eddy) Hesseltine are two economically important pathogens that are commonly associated in simultaneous infections of many stone and pome fruits. The ability of R. stolonifer and G. pesicaria to assimilate diverse carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sources and the effect of pH and the interaction temperature/ water potential (?) on their conidial germination and growth were investigated. The fungi were grown on a liquid medium containing D-glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, or raffinose as C sources and urea, NH4NO3, NaNO2, glycine, or glutamine as N sources. The biomass production of R. stolonifer was the greatest when sucrose and fructose were used as C sources, respectively, whereas biomass production of G. Persicaria was greater on fructose and glucose than on other sources. Glutamine and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) used as N sources yielded the highest biomass for R. stolonifer and G. Persicaria, respectively. Sporangiospore germination and mycelial growth of R. stolonifer and G. Persicaria were optimal between pH 3 and 10 and were totally inhibited at pH =2.5. The two fungi were affected by the interaction of temperature and ?. Both R. stolonifer and G. Persicaria were sensitive to low temperatures (<10°C) and were completely inhibited at ? levels of -17 and -18.3, respectively. The nutrients utilization, pH, and ? x temperature profiles for sporangiospore germination and mycelial growth were to some extent similar between the two species corroborating that R. stolonifer and G. Persicaria occupy similar ecological niches. Identifying ecophysiological determinants of these commercially important pathogens will contribute to our understanding of their physiology and epidemiology and will aid in developing appropriate models for disease prediction.
Nurul Aini Mohd Azman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Semirefined Carrageenan (SRC) Film Incorporated with α-Tocopherol and Persicaria minor for Meat Patties Application
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Khadijah Husna Abd Hamid, Wan Amnin Wan Yahaya, Neenasha Bebe Mohd Nor, Alyaa Syahierra Ghazali, Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip, Norashikin Mat Zain, María Pilar Almajano, Nurul Aini Mohd AzmanAbstract:Semirefined carrageenan (SRC) plasticized with glycerol (G) and incorporated with antioxidants of 0.4% (v/v) of α-tocopherol and Persicaria minor (PM) extract was successfully developed. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant effect of active packaging films from semirefined carrageenan incorporated with α-tocopherol and Persicaria minor on meat patties. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol and PM extract were measured. The effects of α-tocopherol and PM extract incorporated with SRC-based films on meat patties were evaluated using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay, metmyoglobin assay, and pH value for 14 days of storage. The films with 0.4% (v/v) of α-tocopherol and PM extract exhibited a lower lipid oxidation in meat patties compared with that of control (SRC film only, p < 0.05). Also, a brown color development of the meat patties of less than 50% was observed at the end of the 14-day storage. Meanwhile, the pH values for all samples decreased throughout the storage period with the SRC+G+α-tocopherol film showed the highest pH value. Hence, the formulation of SRC film with α-tocopherol or PM extract could be used as an alternative packaging for extending the shelf life of food product with high fat content.
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Semirefined carrageenan (Src) film incorporated with a-tocopherol and Persicaria minor for meat patties application
'Universitas Gadjah Mada', 2019Co-Authors: Hamid, Khadijah Husna Abd, Alyaa Syahierra Ghazali, Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip, Norashikin Mat Zain, Yahaya, Wan Amnin Wan, Nor, Neenasha Bebe Mohd, Almajano Pablos, María Pilar, Nurul Aini Mohd AzmanAbstract:Semirefined carrageenan (SRC) plasticized with glycerol (G) and incorporated with antioxidants of 0.4% (v/v) of a-tocopherol and Persicaria minor (PM) extract was successfully developed. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant effect of active packaging films from semirefined carrageenan incorporated with a-tocopherol and Persicaria minor on meat patties. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of a-tocopherol and PM extract were measured. The effects of a-tocopherol and PM extract incorporated with SRC-based films on meat patties were evaluated using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay, metmyoglobin assay, and pH value for 14 days of storage. The films with 0.4% (v/v) of a-tocopherol and PM extract exhibited a lower lipid oxidation in meat patties compared with that of control (SRC film only, p < 0.05). Also, a brown color development of the meat patties of less than 50% was observed at the end of the 14-day storage. Meanwhile, the pH values for all samples decreased throughout the storage period with the SRC+G+a-tocopherol film showed the highest pH value. Hence, the formulation of SRC film with a-tocopherol or PM extract could be used as an alternative packaging for extending the shelf life of food product with high fat contentPeer Reviewe
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Semirefined carrageenan (Src) film incorporated with a-tocopherol and Persicaria minor for meat patties application
'Universitas Gadjah Mada', 2019Co-Authors: Hamid, Khadijah Husna Abd, Alyaa Syahierra Ghazali, Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip, Norashikin Mat Zain, Yahaya, Wan Amnin Wan, Nor, Neenasha Bebe Mohd, Almajano Pablos, María Pilar, Nurul Aini Mohd AzmanAbstract:Semirefined carrageenan (SRC) plasticized with glycerol (G) and incorporated with antioxidants of 0.4% (v/v) of a-tocopherol and Persicaria minor (PM) extract was successfully developed. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant effect of active packaging films from semirefined carrageenan incorporated with a-tocopherol and Persicaria minor on meat patties. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of a-tocopherol and PM extract were measured. The effects of a-tocopherol and PM extract incorporated with SRC-based films on meat patties were evaluated using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay, metmyoglobin assay, and pH value for 14 days of storage. The films with 0.4% (v/v) of a-tocopherol and PM extract exhibited a lower lipid oxidation in meat patties compared with that of control (SRC film only, p < 0.05). Also, a brown color development of the meat patties of less than 50% was observed at the end of the 14-day storage. Meanwhile, the pH values for all samples decreased throughout the storage period with the SRC+G+a-tocopherol film showed the highest pH value. Hence, the formulation of SRC film with a-tocopherol or PM extract could be used as an alternative packaging for extending the shelf life of food product with high fat contentPeer ReviewedPostprint (published version
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Semirefined Carrageenan (SRC) Film Incorporated with α-Tocopherol and Persicaria minor for Meat Patties Application
'Universitas Gadjah Mada', 2019Co-Authors: Khadijah Husna Abd Hamid, Wan Amnin Wan Yahaya, Neenasha Bebe Mohd Nor, Alyaa Syahierra Ghazali, Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip, Norashikin Mat Zain, Almajano, María Pilar, Nurul Aini Mohd AzmanAbstract:Semirefined carrageenan (SRC) plasticized with glycerol (G) and incorporated with antioxidants of 0.4% (v/v) of α-tocopherol and Persicaria minor (PM) extract was successfully developed. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant effect of active packaging films from semirefined carrageenan incorporated with α-tocopherol and Persicaria minor on meat patties. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol and PM extract were measured. The effects of α-tocopherol and PM extract incorporated with SRC-based films on meat patties were evaluated using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay, metmyoglobin assay, and pH value for 14 days of storage. The films with 0.4% (v/v) of α-tocopherol and PM extract exhibited lower lipid oxidation in meat patties compared to the control (SRC film only, p < 0.05). Also, brown color development of the meat patties of less than 50% was observed at the end of the 14-day storage. Meanwhile, the pH values for all samples decreased throughout the storage period with the SRC+G+α-tocopherol film showed the highest pH value. Hence, the formulation of SRC film with α-tocopherol or PM extract could be used as an alternative packaging for extending the shelf life of food product with high fat conten
Harro J. Bouwmeester - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of the chemical composition of three species of smartweed (genus Persicaria) with a focus on drimane sesquiterpenoids.
Phytochemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Neli Prota, Roland Mumm, Harro J. Bouwmeester, Maarten A. JongsmaAbstract:Abstract The genus Persicaria is known to include species accumulating drimane sesquiterpenoids, but a comparative analysis highlighting the compositional differences has not been done. In this study, the secondary metabolites of both flowers and leaves of Persicaria hydropiper , Persicaria maculosa and Persicaria minor , three species which occur in the same habitat, were compared. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of extracts, overall 21/29 identified compounds in extracts were sesquiterpenoids and 5/29 were drimanes. Polygodial was detected in all species, though not in every sample of P. maculosa . On average, P. hydropiper flowers contained about 6.2 mg g FW −1 of polygodial, but P. minor flowers had 200-fold, and P. maculosa 100,000 fold lower concentrations. Comparatively, also other sesquiterpenes were much lower in those species, suggesting the fitness benefit to depend on either investing a lot or not at all in terpenoid-based secondary defences. For P. hydropiper , effects of flower and leaf development and headspace volatiles were analysed as well. The flower stage immediately after fertilisation was the one with the highest content of drimane sesquiterpenoids and leaves contained about 10-fold less of these compounds compared to flowers. The headspace of P. hydropiper contained 8 compounds: one monoterpene, one alkyl aldehyde and six sesquiterpenes, but none were drimanes. The potential ecological significance of the presence or absence of drimane sesquiterpenoids and other metabolites for these plant species are discussed.
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The dual role of temperature in the regulation of the seasonal changes in dormancy and germination of seeds of Polygonum Persicaria L.
Oecologia, 1992Co-Authors: Harro J. Bouwmeester, Cees M. KarssenAbstract:The role of temperature in the regulation of seasonal changes in dormancy and germination was studied in seeds of Polygonum Persicaria. Seeds were buried in the field and under controlled conditions. Portions of seeds were exhumed at regular intervals and germination was tested over a range of conditions. Seeds of P. Persicaria exhibited a seasonal dormancy pattern that clearly showed the typical features of summer annuals, i.e. dormancy was relieved at low winter temperatures, the germination peak occurred in spring and dormancy was re-induced in summer. The expression of the dormancy pattern was influenced by the temperature at which germination was tested. At 30°C exhumed seeds germinated over a much longer period of the year than at 20° or 10°C. Nitrate added during the germination test occasionally stimulated germination. The seasonal changes in dormancy of buried seeds were regulated by the field temperature. Soil moisture and nitrate content did not influence the changes in dormancy. The fact that, on the one hand, field temperature determined the changes in dormancy and, on the other hand, germination itself was influenced by temperature, was used to describe the seasonal germination pattern of P. Persicaria with a model. Germination of exhumed seeds in Petri dishes at field temperature was accurately described with this model. Germination in the field was restricted to the period where the range of temperatures over which germination could proceed (computed with the model) and field temperature overlapped.
Cees M. Karssen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The dual role of temperature in the regulation of the seasonal changes in dormancy and germination of seeds of Polygonum Persicaria L.
Oecologia, 1992Co-Authors: Harro J. Bouwmeester, Cees M. KarssenAbstract:The role of temperature in the regulation of seasonal changes in dormancy and germination was studied in seeds of Polygonum Persicaria. Seeds were buried in the field and under controlled conditions. Portions of seeds were exhumed at regular intervals and germination was tested over a range of conditions. Seeds of P. Persicaria exhibited a seasonal dormancy pattern that clearly showed the typical features of summer annuals, i.e. dormancy was relieved at low winter temperatures, the germination peak occurred in spring and dormancy was re-induced in summer. The expression of the dormancy pattern was influenced by the temperature at which germination was tested. At 30°C exhumed seeds germinated over a much longer period of the year than at 20° or 10°C. Nitrate added during the germination test occasionally stimulated germination. The seasonal changes in dormancy of buried seeds were regulated by the field temperature. Soil moisture and nitrate content did not influence the changes in dormancy. The fact that, on the one hand, field temperature determined the changes in dormancy and, on the other hand, germination itself was influenced by temperature, was used to describe the seasonal germination pattern of P. Persicaria with a model. Germination of exhumed seeds in Petri dishes at field temperature was accurately described with this model. Germination in the field was restricted to the period where the range of temperatures over which germination could proceed (computed with the model) and field temperature overlapped.
S.w. Iii. Westcott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Inoculum sources and characterization of isolates of Gilbertella Persicaria from peach fruit in South Carolina
Plant Disease, 1996Co-Authors: C. Ginting, E. I. Zehr, S.w. Iii. WestcottAbstract:In 1991 and 1992, Gilbertella Persicaria was more common than Rhizopus spp. on rotted peaches found on the orchard floor in the major peach production areas of South Carolina. G. Persicaria was isolated frequently from soil and surface organic debris in commercial peach orchards in five counties. Rhizopus spp. were isolated much less frequently from these sources. Also, G. Persicaria was commonly found along with Rhizopus spp. in soil and debris collected from harvest bins before and during harvest, in hydrocooling water and dump tank water, and on packing line belts. Dicloran and iprodione were both active in vitro to inhibit growth of mycelium, but chlorinated water dips were required for control of fruit decay caused by G. Persicaria. Selected isolates of G. Persicaria grew and sporulated at 10 to 40 degrees C and induced symptoms within 4 days at 22 to 34 degrees C. External nutrients were required for spore germination, and wounding was required for infection of peach fruit.