The Experts below are selected from a list of 17955 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Henrik Hvenegaard Mikkelsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
chaosmology shamanism and Personhood among the bugkalot
Hau: The Journal of Ethnographic Theory, 2016Co-Authors: Henrik Hvenegaard MikkelsenAbstract:This article examines Personhood as contracted from a field of chaos. By analyzing the discourses on shamanism, spirits, and the wilderness among the Bugkalot of Northern Philippines, I seek to formulate a hypothesis about the properties of Personhood in relation to the Bugkalot cosmology at large. This approach to cosmology is not one that asserts a coherent system of knowledge but rather portrays the Bugkalot cosmology as contingent, fragmentary, perpetually assuming a coherence and stability that swiftly dissolves. In order to lay out how this cosmology in motion—or “chaosmology”—is temporarily stabilized the article explores the role of shamanism among the Bugkalot.
Ford Bryan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Identity and Personhood in Digital Democracy: Evaluating Inclusion, Equality, Security, and Privacy in Pseudonym Parties and Other Proofs of Personhood
2020Co-Authors: Ford BryanAbstract:Digital identity seems like a prerequisite for digital democracy: how can we ensure "one person, one vote" online without identifying voters? But digital identity solutions - ID checking, biometrics, self-sovereign identity, and trust networks - all present flaws, leaving users vulnerable to exclusion, identity loss or theft, and coercion. These flaws may be insurmountable because digital identity is a cart pulling the horse. We cannot achieve digital identity secure enough for the weight of digital democracy, until we build it on a solid foundation of "digital Personhood." While identity is about distinguishing one person from another through attributes or affiliations, Personhood is about giving all real people inalienable digital participation rights independent of identity, including protection against erosion of their democratic rights through identity loss, theft, coercion, or fakery. We explore and analyze alternative approaches to "proof of Personhood" that may provide this missing foundation. Pseudonym parties marry the transparency of periodic physical-world events with the power of digital tokens between events. These tokens represent limited-term but renewable claims usable for purposes such as online voting or liquid democracy, sampled juries or deliberative polls, abuse-resistant social communication, or minting universal basic income in a permissionless cryptocurrency. Enhancing pseudonym parties to provide participants a moment of enforced physical security and privacy can address coercion and vote-buying risks that plague today's E-voting systems. We also examine other proposed approaches to proof of Personhood, some of which offer conveniences such as all-online participation. These alternatives currently fall short of satisfying all the key digital Personhood goals, unfortunately, but offer valuable insights into the challenges we face
Bryan Ford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Identity and Personhood in Digital Democracy: Evaluating Inclusion, Equality, Security, and Privacy in Pseudonym Parties and Other Proofs of Personhood
arXiv: Computers and Society, 2020Co-Authors: Bryan FordAbstract:Digital identity seems like a prerequisite for digital democracy: how can we ensure "one person, one vote" online without identifying voters? But digital identity solutions - ID checking, biometrics, self-sovereign identity, and trust networks - all present flaws, leaving users vulnerable to exclusion, identity loss or theft, and coercion. These flaws may be insurmountable because digital identity is a cart pulling the horse. We cannot achieve digital identity secure enough for the weight of digital democracy, until we build it on a solid foundation of "digital Personhood." While identity is about distinguishing one person from another through attributes or affiliations, Personhood is about giving all real people inalienable digital participation rights independent of identity, including protection against erosion of their democratic rights through identity loss, theft, coercion, or fakery. We explore and analyze alternative approaches to "proof of Personhood" that may provide this missing foundation. Pseudonym parties marry the transparency of periodic physical-world events with the power of digital tokens between events. These tokens represent limited-term but renewable claims usable for purposes such as online voting or liquid democracy, sampled juries or deliberative polls, abuse-resistant social communication, or minting universal basic income in a permissionless cryptocurrency. Enhancing pseudonym parties to provide participants a moment of enforced physical security and privacy can address coercion and vote-buying risks that plague today's E-voting systems. We also examine other proposed approaches to proof of Personhood, some of which offer conveniences such as all-online participation. These alternatives currently fall short of satisfying all the key digital Personhood goals, unfortunately, but offer valuable insights into the challenges we face.
Eliza Mik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
ai as a legal person
Social Science Research Network, 2020Co-Authors: Eliza MikAbstract:Cyclical advancements in artificial intelligence (“AI”) are usually accompanied by theories advocating the granting of legal Personhood to sophisticated, autonomous computers. The paper criticizes such theories as incorrect — a possible result of legal scholars being seduced by incomprehensible technical terminology, sensationalistic stories in the popular press and “creative” photo filters that transform our faces into animals. Discussions as to when computers should be recognized as persons are, logically, outside of the scope of intellectual property law. The granting of legal Personhood is not premised on the existence of consciousness, intelligence or creativity. Recognizing an entity as a legal person is a normative choice dictated by commercial expediency, not the result of fulfilling any technical criteria. While it is necessary to acknowledge the blurring of borders between art and (computer) science as well as the increase in the technological sophistication of the tools used by authors and inventors, it is also necessary to state that even an exponential increase in “computer creativity” will not sever the link between the computer and its user. Before discarding the idea of legal Personhood for “creative algorithms” once and for all, the paper explores the relationships between autonomy and creativity. In particular, it places technical terms such as “AI” and “autonomy” in their original context and criticizes uninformed attempts to imbue them with normative connotations.
Olga Ulturgasheva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
animism in rainforest and tundra Personhood animals plants and things in contemporary amazonia and siberia
(2nd ed.). Berghahn Books: New York. (2014), 2014Co-Authors: Marc Brightman, Vanessa Grotti, Olga UlturgashevaAbstract:Amazonia and Siberia, classic regions of shamanism, have long challenged "western" understandings of man's place in the world. By exploring the social relations between humans and non-human entities credited with human-like Personhood (not only animals and plants, but also "things" such as artifacts, trade items, or mineral resources) from a comparative perspective, this volume offers valuable insights into the constitutions of humanity and Personhood characteristic of the two areas. The contributors conducted their ethnographic fieldwork among peoples undergoing transformative processesof their lived environments, such as the depletion of natural resources and migration to urban centers. They describe here fundamental relational modes that are being tested in the face of change, presenting groundbreaking research on Personhood and agency in shamanic societies and contributing to our global understanding of social and cultural change and continuity.
