The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Richard A. Gies - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The influence of ultrasound frequency and gas-body composition on the contrast agent-mediated enhancement of vascular bioeffects in mouse intestine
Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2000Co-Authors: Douglas L. Miller, Richard A. GiesAbstract:Abstract The induction by ultrasound (US) of Petechiae and hemorrhages in mouse intestine was examined with injection of gas body-based contrast agents. Production of Petechiae in the intestinal wall was enhanced by contrast agents for both continuous and pulsed (10 μs pulses repeated at 1 kHz) exposure relative to a gas body-free blank. For pulsed exposure with 10 mL/kg of Albunex®, apparent thresholds for peak negative pressure amplitude were 0.42 MPa at 0.4 MHz, 0.85 MPa at 1.09 MHz and 2.3 MPa at 2.4 MHz. Results at these frequencies were the same for 10–11 cycle pulses with fixed duty cycle (0.01). Thresholds for hemorrhage into the intestinal lumen were not appreciably enhanced by added Albunex®, and appear to be compatible with previously reported lithotripsy data when duty factor differences are considered. The agents PESDA, Optison® and Levovist® had lower thresholds (for example, 1.8 MPa for Levovist®) than Albunex® at 2.3 MHz, and yielded more Petechiae. The thresholds for Petechiae induction by US with contrast agents encroach upon the exposure range relevant to diagnostic US practice.
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GAS-BODY-BASED CONTRAST AGENT ENHANCES VASCULAR BIOEFFECTS OF 1.09 MHz ULTRASOUND ON MOUSE INTESTINE
Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 1998Co-Authors: Douglas L. Miller, Richard A. GiesAbstract:Abstract Anesthetized hairless mice were exposed to continuous or pulsed 1.09-MHz ultrasound with or without prior injection of a gas-body-based ultrasound contrast agent. Albunex® at a dose of 10 mL/kg increased the production of intestinal hyperemia, Petechia and hemorrhages by continuous ultrasound. For pulsed ultrasound, with 10 μs pulses and 0.01 duty cycle, Petechiae were produced for exposures as low as 1 MPa spatial peak pressure amplitude with added gas bodies. The enhancement of Petechiae production was robust for pulsed exposure; for example, at 2.8 MPa, an average of 227 Petechiae was obtained with added gas bodies, which was 30 times more than without the agent. The production of Petechia was roughly proportional to the dosage of Albunex ® for pulsed exposure. Results did not appear to be strongly dependent on pulsing parameters, but long bursts (0.1 s) were somewhat more effective than pulses (10 μs). The observed vascular bioeffects appeared to involve both thermal and nonthermal mechanisms for continuous exposure, but to result primarily from gas-body activation for pulsed exposure.
B Brinkmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Electrocution—autopsy study with emphasis on “electrical Petechiae”
Forensic Science International, 2002Co-Authors: B Karger, O Suggeler, B BrinkmannAbstract:Abstract Fatalities caused by electrocution ( n =37) were re-examined on the basis of the autopsy records, the police reports and the technical expertise. Accidents including two lightning deaths caused 2/3rd and suicides 1/4th of the fatalities and there were two homicides. Carelessness or ignorance were a major reason for accidental deaths while technical defects could be verified in five cases only. Low-voltage ac and male victims predominated. Electrical burns or current marks were detected in 81% including all high voltage electrocutions. The seven victims lacking burns were electrocuted in a wet environment including six cases of suicide in the bathtub with a hair drier. Petechial haemorrhages were present in 74% of the cases and the favourite sites were the skin of the eyelids, conjunctivae, visceral pleura, and the epicard. The presence of Petechiae did not depend on the voltage or the current pathway relative to the heart. It is, therefore, suggested that the Petechiae are not caused by asphyxia but by a combination of venous congestion due to cardiac arrest and a sudden rise in blood pressure induced by muscle contractions. Consequently, "electrical Petechiae" represent a non-specific but typical finding in electrocution irrespective of the mechanism leading to death. Unlike electrical burns, Petechiae also indicate the vital origin of the events. The relevance of this typical morphological sign in the examination of possible electrocution fatalities is therefore emphasised.
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electrocution autopsy study with emphasis on electrical Petechiae
Forensic Science International, 2002Co-Authors: B Karger, O Suggeler, B BrinkmannAbstract:Abstract Fatalities caused by electrocution ( n =37) were re-examined on the basis of the autopsy records, the police reports and the technical expertise. Accidents including two lightning deaths caused 2/3rd and suicides 1/4th of the fatalities and there were two homicides. Carelessness or ignorance were a major reason for accidental deaths while technical defects could be verified in five cases only. Low-voltage ac and male victims predominated. Electrical burns or current marks were detected in 81% including all high voltage electrocutions. The seven victims lacking burns were electrocuted in a wet environment including six cases of suicide in the bathtub with a hair drier. Petechial haemorrhages were present in 74% of the cases and the favourite sites were the skin of the eyelids, conjunctivae, visceral pleura, and the epicard. The presence of Petechiae did not depend on the voltage or the current pathway relative to the heart. It is, therefore, suggested that the Petechiae are not caused by asphyxia but by a combination of venous congestion due to cardiac arrest and a sudden rise in blood pressure induced by muscle contractions. Consequently, "electrical Petechiae" represent a non-specific but typical finding in electrocution irrespective of the mechanism leading to death. Unlike electrical burns, Petechiae also indicate the vital origin of the events. The relevance of this typical morphological sign in the examination of possible electrocution fatalities is therefore emphasised.
Reza Hasanzadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Isolation and identification of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) from farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Iran.
Acta tropica, 2016Co-Authors: Sohrab Ahmadivand, Mehdi Soltani, Karim Mardani, Sara Shokrpoor, Hooman Rahmati-holasoo, Abbas Mokhtari, Reza HasanzadehAbstract:Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a rhabdovirus that causes one of the most important fish diseases in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) production industry. During the present study from October 2014 to July 2015, the virus causing viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) was isolated and identified in rainbow trout farms from five of sixteen farms experiencing mass mortalities in six provinces of Iran with major trout production. Cumulative mortalities at VHSV-positive farms ranged from 30 to 70%. Clinical signs of disease included exophthalmia, Petechial hemorrhages in the mandible and around the eyes, a swollen abdomen and darkening of the integument, widespread Petechiae of the musculature and pyloric regions, severe congestion of the kidney, and pale enlarged livers. In addition, histopathologic examinations of tissues showed severe lesions in muscle, kidney and liver, which were compatible with those already described for VHS. Furthermore, homogenates tissues of diseased fish induced cytopathic effects (CPE) in CHSE-214 cells, and confirmatory diagnosis of VHS was made by RT-PCR reactions. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation and identification of VHSV from farmed trout in Iran, which may have originated from Europe.
Douglas L. Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Effect of Time and of Vasoactive Drugs on Capillary Leakage Induced During Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography
Echocardiography (Mount Kisco N.Y.), 2004Co-Authors: Douglas L. Miller, William F. ArmstrongAbstract:Background: Premature ventricular contractions (PVC), capillary leakage, and Petechial hemorrhage can occur during myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE). The effects occur as a result of the interaction of contrast agent microbubbles and the ultrasound, but the detailed etiology of the effects is not yet clear. This study tested the hypothesis that the capillary leakage results from a physiological response to injury, which might be protracted and modulated by vasoactive drugs. Methods: Hairless rats were anesthetized and transthoracically scanned with a diagnostic ultrasound system (GE Vingmed System V) at 1.7 MHz with 1:4 triggered frames at end systole. The scan head and rats were mounted in a 37 ◦ C water bath to assure free-field conditions and placement of the heart at a similar focal distance as humans. A tail vein was cannulated for injections of Optison contrast agent, vasoactive medications, and Evans Blue dye (EB). EB was injected as a marker of capillary leakage before or after scanning. Results: PVCs, Petechia, and capillary leakage occurred during ultrasound exposure of microbubbles in myocardium, with no effects detected in shams. The influence of the vasoactive medications propranolol and isoproterenol on the effects did not support the hypothesis. Capillary leakage occurred during and postexposure, but diminished for EB injection 20 minutes after scanning with or without isoproterenol pretreatment. Conclusion: MCE induced PVCs, Petechia, and capillary leakage, all of which ended immediately or within 20 minutes after the examination. Contrary to the hypothesis of a physiological mechanism, the capillary leakage appears to be primarily a mechanical effect rather than a physiological response. (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Volume 21, February 2004)
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The influence of ultrasound frequency and gas-body composition on the contrast agent-mediated enhancement of vascular bioeffects in mouse intestine
Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2000Co-Authors: Douglas L. Miller, Richard A. GiesAbstract:Abstract The induction by ultrasound (US) of Petechiae and hemorrhages in mouse intestine was examined with injection of gas body-based contrast agents. Production of Petechiae in the intestinal wall was enhanced by contrast agents for both continuous and pulsed (10 μs pulses repeated at 1 kHz) exposure relative to a gas body-free blank. For pulsed exposure with 10 mL/kg of Albunex®, apparent thresholds for peak negative pressure amplitude were 0.42 MPa at 0.4 MHz, 0.85 MPa at 1.09 MHz and 2.3 MPa at 2.4 MHz. Results at these frequencies were the same for 10–11 cycle pulses with fixed duty cycle (0.01). Thresholds for hemorrhage into the intestinal lumen were not appreciably enhanced by added Albunex®, and appear to be compatible with previously reported lithotripsy data when duty factor differences are considered. The agents PESDA, Optison® and Levovist® had lower thresholds (for example, 1.8 MPa for Levovist®) than Albunex® at 2.3 MHz, and yielded more Petechiae. The thresholds for Petechiae induction by US with contrast agents encroach upon the exposure range relevant to diagnostic US practice.
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GAS-BODY-BASED CONTRAST AGENT ENHANCES VASCULAR BIOEFFECTS OF 1.09 MHz ULTRASOUND ON MOUSE INTESTINE
Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 1998Co-Authors: Douglas L. Miller, Richard A. GiesAbstract:Abstract Anesthetized hairless mice were exposed to continuous or pulsed 1.09-MHz ultrasound with or without prior injection of a gas-body-based ultrasound contrast agent. Albunex® at a dose of 10 mL/kg increased the production of intestinal hyperemia, Petechia and hemorrhages by continuous ultrasound. For pulsed ultrasound, with 10 μs pulses and 0.01 duty cycle, Petechiae were produced for exposures as low as 1 MPa spatial peak pressure amplitude with added gas bodies. The enhancement of Petechiae production was robust for pulsed exposure; for example, at 2.8 MPa, an average of 227 Petechiae was obtained with added gas bodies, which was 30 times more than without the agent. The production of Petechia was roughly proportional to the dosage of Albunex ® for pulsed exposure. Results did not appear to be strongly dependent on pulsing parameters, but long bursts (0.1 s) were somewhat more effective than pulses (10 μs). The observed vascular bioeffects appeared to involve both thermal and nonthermal mechanisms for continuous exposure, but to result primarily from gas-body activation for pulsed exposure.
B Karger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Electrocution—autopsy study with emphasis on “electrical Petechiae”
Forensic Science International, 2002Co-Authors: B Karger, O Suggeler, B BrinkmannAbstract:Abstract Fatalities caused by electrocution ( n =37) were re-examined on the basis of the autopsy records, the police reports and the technical expertise. Accidents including two lightning deaths caused 2/3rd and suicides 1/4th of the fatalities and there were two homicides. Carelessness or ignorance were a major reason for accidental deaths while technical defects could be verified in five cases only. Low-voltage ac and male victims predominated. Electrical burns or current marks were detected in 81% including all high voltage electrocutions. The seven victims lacking burns were electrocuted in a wet environment including six cases of suicide in the bathtub with a hair drier. Petechial haemorrhages were present in 74% of the cases and the favourite sites were the skin of the eyelids, conjunctivae, visceral pleura, and the epicard. The presence of Petechiae did not depend on the voltage or the current pathway relative to the heart. It is, therefore, suggested that the Petechiae are not caused by asphyxia but by a combination of venous congestion due to cardiac arrest and a sudden rise in blood pressure induced by muscle contractions. Consequently, "electrical Petechiae" represent a non-specific but typical finding in electrocution irrespective of the mechanism leading to death. Unlike electrical burns, Petechiae also indicate the vital origin of the events. The relevance of this typical morphological sign in the examination of possible electrocution fatalities is therefore emphasised.
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electrocution autopsy study with emphasis on electrical Petechiae
Forensic Science International, 2002Co-Authors: B Karger, O Suggeler, B BrinkmannAbstract:Abstract Fatalities caused by electrocution ( n =37) were re-examined on the basis of the autopsy records, the police reports and the technical expertise. Accidents including two lightning deaths caused 2/3rd and suicides 1/4th of the fatalities and there were two homicides. Carelessness or ignorance were a major reason for accidental deaths while technical defects could be verified in five cases only. Low-voltage ac and male victims predominated. Electrical burns or current marks were detected in 81% including all high voltage electrocutions. The seven victims lacking burns were electrocuted in a wet environment including six cases of suicide in the bathtub with a hair drier. Petechial haemorrhages were present in 74% of the cases and the favourite sites were the skin of the eyelids, conjunctivae, visceral pleura, and the epicard. The presence of Petechiae did not depend on the voltage or the current pathway relative to the heart. It is, therefore, suggested that the Petechiae are not caused by asphyxia but by a combination of venous congestion due to cardiac arrest and a sudden rise in blood pressure induced by muscle contractions. Consequently, "electrical Petechiae" represent a non-specific but typical finding in electrocution irrespective of the mechanism leading to death. Unlike electrical burns, Petechiae also indicate the vital origin of the events. The relevance of this typical morphological sign in the examination of possible electrocution fatalities is therefore emphasised.