The Experts below are selected from a list of 273 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Hou Lianhua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • unconventional Petroleum Resources assessment progress and future prospects
    Natural Gas Geoscience, 2013
    Co-Authors: Hou Lianhua
    Abstract:

    In recent years,significant progress has been made on the assessment on the unconventional Petroleum Resources(UPRs),such as tight oil,tight gas,shale gas and coalbed methane.The results show that UPRs are abundant and have great prospect of development and exploration.Significant progress has also been made on the assessment methods of UPRs.In this paper,we reviewed the typical assessment methods for UPRs at home and abroad,and compared the application scope,advantages and disadvantages of five main methods(including EUR analogy method,Resources abundance analogy method,volume method,stochastic simulation method and genetic method).Based on the advantages and disadvantages of different methods and present situation of UPR assessment in China,it is concluded that future prospects of UPR assessment in China should include(1)using consistent procedure and method to assess in-place Resources and technically recoverable Resources,(2)developing modified methods,such as Resources abundance analogy on levels,volume method on small portion and EUR analogy on levels,as major assessment method for UPRs,(3)reinforcing the dissection of calibrated units with UPRs to establish analogical database,and(4)considering economic assessment and environmental evaluation of UPRs exploration.

P Van Der Zwan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the impact of the minerals and Petroleum Resources royalty act on the south african mining industry a critical analysis
    Meditari Accountancy Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: P Van Der Zwan
    Abstract:

    The Minerals and Petroleum Resources Royalty Act (MPRRA) became effective on 1 March 2010. This legislation may have a significant impact on employment, foreign investment and future exploration in the South African mining industry. This article reports on a critical analysis of the MPRRA prior to its implementation in order to identify aspects that may impact adversely on the South African mining industry and would require further research after the implementation of the MPRRA. Based on the findings, the authors recommend that the impact of the level of royalties levied as well as the mechanism to promote downstream beneficiation be researched to establish whether the legislators ought to reconsider these provisions in the light of their impact on the mining industry.

Cutler J Cleveland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an exploration of alternative measures of natural resource scarcity the case of Petroleum Resources in the u s
    Ecological Economics, 1993
    Co-Authors: Cutler J Cleveland
    Abstract:

    Abstract The concern about natural resource scarcity has traditionally focused on changes in the cost, quality, and availability of energy and material inputs to the production process. Ecological economists are increasingly concerned with an additional aspect of scarcity — the growing scarcity of environmental services that sustain human economic existence. The analysis here explores economic and biophysical indicators of natural resource scarcity. The indices are quantified for the extraction of Petroleum Resources in the U.S. The economic indicators are the market price of crude oil and natural gas, the unit (capital plus labor) cost of extraction, and the average total cost of extraction (dollars per Btu extracted). The biophysical index is the energy return on investment (EROI). All indices show a trend of decreasing and then increasing scarcity of Petroleum at the wellhead. The economic and biophysical cost indices indicate that the 1960s marked the transition from a decreasing to an increasing cost resource base. The market price of oil is influenced by nonscarcity forces to the extent that it does not reflect that turning point. The increase in the energy cost of Petroleum extraction is in stark contrast to the changes in the energy cost of producing other goods and services in the U.S. economy, which generally declined in the last 20 years. The increase in the energy cost of extraction has important economic implications. From 1954 to 1987, the fraction of total industrial output in the U.S. generated in the Petroleum extraction sector declined almost 40%. Despite the declining share of its output, the Petroleum industry's share of direct energy use (fossil fuels and electricity) generally increased in that period. The result is a clear increase in the amount of energy diverted from other potential uses to secure an additional unit of output in the Petroleum sector. None of the indicators reflect to any degree substantial nonmarketed environmental cost of Petroleum extraction. The biophysical perspective, however, emphasizes the coupling between physical scarcity and the demands that extraction places on renewable Resources and ecosystem services. The extraction of one barrel-of-oil-equivalent, for example, requires 250 gallons of fresh water and emits more than 60 pounds of CO2, and these costs are increasing.

F T Cawood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an investigation of the potential impact of the new south african mineral and Petroleum Resources royalty act
    Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2011
    Co-Authors: F T Cawood
    Abstract:

    After a five-year process of consultation and intense debate, which included the release of four Draft Royalty Bills, the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Royalty Act was finally promulgated in November 2008 (MPRRA, 2008). The main purpose of the Royalty Act is to collect mining royalties from South African mines holding mining rights granted in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act (MPRDA, 2004). The intention is to compensate the State for its custodianship over South Africa’s nonrenewable mineral Resources when these are exploited by mining companies for their own benefit. The main features of the royalty regime are first, that one of two formulae is used to calculate the rate of payment; second, this choice of formula requires an assessment on refinement; and third, both formulae are payable on a base of gross sales. The Royalty Act makes provision for the royalty rate to fluctuate with mine profitability as expressed by EBIT1 and the degree of refinement. The nature of the sliding-scale system of royalties as applied to a base of gross mineral sales was discussed by Cawood (2010). The rates for refined and unrefined minerals are calculated using the following formulae: Refined rate (Yr) = 0.5 + [EBIT/(Aggregate gross sales x 12.5)] x 100

  • the mineral and Petroleum Resources development act of 2002 a paradigm shift in mineral policy in south africa
    Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2004
    Co-Authors: F T Cawood
    Abstract:

    Inauguration of the new political dispensation in South Africa in 1994 initiated a dynamic shift in the ownership, management and development of the countryi?½s affluent mineral heritage. The process of substituting the old South African regime with a new equitable system started soon after the 1994 election of the African National Congress (ANC) to parliament. The Congressi?½s Freedom Charter revealed the intent of the new dispensation when it called for radical transformation of mineral development. However, since then there have been important changes affecting the rules of mineral development. These are: * A drastic change in politics ushered in by negotiation, a spirit of reconciliation and a desire to settle disputes peacefully * The globalization of the South African mining industry in tandem with the opening of domestic mineral Resources to foreign capitalists and * The introduction of sustainable development as a holistic approach to mineral development in order to replace traditional narrow-minded environmental management. Each of these significantly shaped the new mineral investment environment of South Africa. This paper represents a summary of the historical developments leading to the current Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act No. 28 of 2002, its regulations, the much publicised Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter, its associated Scorecard, and the Draft Royalty Bill.

Russell E. Fray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ultra-Deepwater and Unconventional Natural Gas and Other Petroleum Resources
    2007
    Co-Authors: Russell E. Fray
    Abstract:

    RPSEA is currently in its first year of performance under contract DE-AC26-07NT42677, Ultra-Deepwater and Unconventional Natural Gas and Other Petroleum Resources Program Administration. Significant progress has been made in establishing the program administration policies, procedures, and strategic foundation for future research awards. RPSEA has concluded an industry-wide collaborative effort to identify focus areas for research awards under this program. This effort is summarized in the RPSEA Draft Annual Plan, which is currently under review by committees established by the Secretary of Energy