The Experts below are selected from a list of 288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernhard Welz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fast sequential determination of antimony and lead in Pewter alloys using high resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment, 2013Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Maria Goreti R Vale, Robson M De Jesus, Geovani C Brandao, Sergio Luis Costa Ferreira, Bernhard WelzAbstract:A simple method has been developed to determine antimony and lead in Pewter alloy cups produced in Brazil, using fast sequential determination by high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The samples were dissolved in HCl and H2O2, employing a cold finger system in order to avoid analyte losses. The main resonance line of lead at 217.001 nm and a secondary line of antimony at 212.739 nm were used. The limits of detection for lead and antimony were 0.02 and 5.7 mg L−1, respectively. The trueness of the method was established by recovery tests and comparing the results obtained by the proposed method with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The results were compared using a student's t-test and there was no significant difference at a 95% confidence interval. With the developed methods, it was possible to determine accurately antimony and lead in Pewter samples. The lead concentration found in the analysed samples was around 1 mg g−1, whic...
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hydride generation in atomizer collection atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of antimony in acetic acid leachates from Pewter cups
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Jan Kratzer, Jiři DědinaAbstract:Abstract Antimony is one of the constituents of Pewter, an alloy composed of a minimum of 90% tin with the balance being made up with copper, antimony and perhaps some bismuth. A method has been developed to determine Sb in acetic acid leachates from Pewter cups. The employed instrumentation, an atomic absorption spectrometer, equipped with a quartz trap-and-atomizer device, is simple and relatively inexpensive with low running costs. Interferences due to the presence of tin and ways to control them were investigated in detail. The applied approach made possible to overcome potentially serious interference of Sn leached from the cup material (which was shown to take place in the atomizer), by a combination of (i) high concentration of HCl, which decreases the efficiency of stannane generation and (ii) in-atomizer collection. The resulting Sn tolerance limit was between 10 and 20 mg L −1 . The advantages of the in-atomizer collection are a lower tin interference in the atomizer, and a much better limit of detection (LOD), which makes possible reducing the atomization interference further by working with more diluted sample solutions. Besides the Sn interference, an interference of an unknown volatile compound transported to the atomizer together with stibine was identified in the measured sample solutions. This interference could be controlled using the analyte addition technique. The applicability of the method was tested on solutions containing a wide range of interferents leached from the Pewter cups, obtained at leaching times between 1 and 24 h. The LOD in the sample solutions was found to be 0.03 μg L −1 Sb.
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determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Abstract Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L−1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers’ declaration that their products are lead-free.
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Determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L-1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers' declaration that their products are lead-free. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Maria Goreti R Vale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fast sequential determination of antimony and lead in Pewter alloys using high resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment, 2013Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Maria Goreti R Vale, Robson M De Jesus, Geovani C Brandao, Sergio Luis Costa Ferreira, Bernhard WelzAbstract:A simple method has been developed to determine antimony and lead in Pewter alloy cups produced in Brazil, using fast sequential determination by high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The samples were dissolved in HCl and H2O2, employing a cold finger system in order to avoid analyte losses. The main resonance line of lead at 217.001 nm and a secondary line of antimony at 212.739 nm were used. The limits of detection for lead and antimony were 0.02 and 5.7 mg L−1, respectively. The trueness of the method was established by recovery tests and comparing the results obtained by the proposed method with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The results were compared using a student's t-test and there was no significant difference at a 95% confidence interval. With the developed methods, it was possible to determine accurately antimony and lead in Pewter samples. The lead concentration found in the analysed samples was around 1 mg g−1, whic...
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hydride generation in atomizer collection atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of antimony in acetic acid leachates from Pewter cups
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Jan Kratzer, Jiři DědinaAbstract:Abstract Antimony is one of the constituents of Pewter, an alloy composed of a minimum of 90% tin with the balance being made up with copper, antimony and perhaps some bismuth. A method has been developed to determine Sb in acetic acid leachates from Pewter cups. The employed instrumentation, an atomic absorption spectrometer, equipped with a quartz trap-and-atomizer device, is simple and relatively inexpensive with low running costs. Interferences due to the presence of tin and ways to control them were investigated in detail. The applied approach made possible to overcome potentially serious interference of Sn leached from the cup material (which was shown to take place in the atomizer), by a combination of (i) high concentration of HCl, which decreases the efficiency of stannane generation and (ii) in-atomizer collection. The resulting Sn tolerance limit was between 10 and 20 mg L −1 . The advantages of the in-atomizer collection are a lower tin interference in the atomizer, and a much better limit of detection (LOD), which makes possible reducing the atomization interference further by working with more diluted sample solutions. Besides the Sn interference, an interference of an unknown volatile compound transported to the atomizer together with stibine was identified in the measured sample solutions. This interference could be controlled using the analyte addition technique. The applicability of the method was tested on solutions containing a wide range of interferents leached from the Pewter cups, obtained at leaching times between 1 and 24 h. The LOD in the sample solutions was found to be 0.03 μg L −1 Sb.
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determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Abstract Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L−1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers’ declaration that their products are lead-free.
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Determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L-1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers' declaration that their products are lead-free. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Morgana B. Dessuy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fast sequential determination of antimony and lead in Pewter alloys using high resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment, 2013Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Maria Goreti R Vale, Robson M De Jesus, Geovani C Brandao, Sergio Luis Costa Ferreira, Bernhard WelzAbstract:A simple method has been developed to determine antimony and lead in Pewter alloy cups produced in Brazil, using fast sequential determination by high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The samples were dissolved in HCl and H2O2, employing a cold finger system in order to avoid analyte losses. The main resonance line of lead at 217.001 nm and a secondary line of antimony at 212.739 nm were used. The limits of detection for lead and antimony were 0.02 and 5.7 mg L−1, respectively. The trueness of the method was established by recovery tests and comparing the results obtained by the proposed method with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The results were compared using a student's t-test and there was no significant difference at a 95% confidence interval. With the developed methods, it was possible to determine accurately antimony and lead in Pewter samples. The lead concentration found in the analysed samples was around 1 mg g−1, whic...
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hydride generation in atomizer collection atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of antimony in acetic acid leachates from Pewter cups
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Jan Kratzer, Jiři DědinaAbstract:Abstract Antimony is one of the constituents of Pewter, an alloy composed of a minimum of 90% tin with the balance being made up with copper, antimony and perhaps some bismuth. A method has been developed to determine Sb in acetic acid leachates from Pewter cups. The employed instrumentation, an atomic absorption spectrometer, equipped with a quartz trap-and-atomizer device, is simple and relatively inexpensive with low running costs. Interferences due to the presence of tin and ways to control them were investigated in detail. The applied approach made possible to overcome potentially serious interference of Sn leached from the cup material (which was shown to take place in the atomizer), by a combination of (i) high concentration of HCl, which decreases the efficiency of stannane generation and (ii) in-atomizer collection. The resulting Sn tolerance limit was between 10 and 20 mg L −1 . The advantages of the in-atomizer collection are a lower tin interference in the atomizer, and a much better limit of detection (LOD), which makes possible reducing the atomization interference further by working with more diluted sample solutions. Besides the Sn interference, an interference of an unknown volatile compound transported to the atomizer together with stibine was identified in the measured sample solutions. This interference could be controlled using the analyte addition technique. The applicability of the method was tested on solutions containing a wide range of interferents leached from the Pewter cups, obtained at leaching times between 1 and 24 h. The LOD in the sample solutions was found to be 0.03 μg L −1 Sb.
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determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Abstract Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L−1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers’ declaration that their products are lead-free.
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Determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L-1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers' declaration that their products are lead-free. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Tasnim Firdaus Mohamed Ariff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synthesis of Pewter alloy from tin–copper–antimony powder mixtures by microwave and conventional sintering
Powder Metallurgy, 2011Co-Authors: Brian Gabbitas, Tasnim Firdaus Mohamed AriffAbstract:AbstractTwo compositions of Pewter alloy were sintered using both microwave and conventional vacuum sintering, and the effects of sintering time, temperature and weight percentage of copper and antimony on the mechanical and structural properties were examined for both sintering methods. Microwave sintered samples had finer microstructures, higher densities, higher hardness and tensile strength compared to the conventionally sintered samples and traditionally cast Pewter. By increasing the copper and antimony contents, higher hardness was achieved. Better mechanical properties were found after microwave sintering after shorter sintering times compared with conventional sintering, but longer sintering times resulted in better diffusion for both sintering methods. The microwave sintered samples in general were capable of achieving similar amounts of diffusion to those conventionally sintered for the same time. But the total sintering process is much faster in microwave heating than in conventional heating d...
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synthesis of Pewter alloy from tin copper antimony powder mixtures by microwave and conventional sintering
Powder Metallurgy, 2011Co-Authors: Brian Gabbitas, Tasnim Firdaus Mohamed AriffAbstract:AbstractTwo compositions of Pewter alloy were sintered using both microwave and conventional vacuum sintering, and the effects of sintering time, temperature and weight percentage of copper and antimony on the mechanical and structural properties were examined for both sintering methods. Microwave sintered samples had finer microstructures, higher densities, higher hardness and tensile strength compared to the conventionally sintered samples and traditionally cast Pewter. By increasing the copper and antimony contents, higher hardness was achieved. Better mechanical properties were found after microwave sintering after shorter sintering times compared with conventional sintering, but longer sintering times resulted in better diffusion for both sintering methods. The microwave sintered samples in general were capable of achieving similar amounts of diffusion to those conventionally sintered for the same time. But the total sintering process is much faster in microwave heating than in conventional heating d...
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the effect of powder sintering method on the densification and microstructure of Pewter alloys
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: Tasnim Firdaus Mohamed Ariff, Brian Gabbitas, Deliang ZhangAbstract:Pewter alloys made from tin, copper and antimony powders were sintered using microwave and conventional vacuum sintering. Three different compositions of the Pewter alloy were used; 91Sn6Cu3Sb, 94Sn4Cu2Sb and 97Sn2Cu1Sb. The effect of densification and microstructure of the Pewter alloys from varying sintering time and sintering mode were examined and compared. Samples were compacted at 40kN and sintered at 220°C. Samples in the conventional furnace were sintered 60 minutes and 120 minutes, while samples in the microwave furnace were sintered for 15 and 30 minutes. Samples sintered at longer sintering times resulted in higher density for both sintering methods. Microwave sintering produced samples with slightly smaller grain size than the conventionally sintered samples resulting in a better densification. There were no new phases formed from the sintering of Pewter alloy.
Patricia B Martelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Abstract Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L−1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers’ declaration that their products are lead-free.
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Determination of cadmium and lead in beverages after leaching from Pewter cups using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Talanta, 2011Co-Authors: Morgana B. Dessuy, Márcia M. Silva, Aline R. Borges, Bernhard Welz, Maria Goreti R Vale, Patricia B MartelliAbstract:Two simple methods have been developed to determine cadmium and lead in different kinds of beverages and vinegar leached from Pewter cups produced in Brazil. Leaching experiments have been carried out with different solutions: beer, sugar cane spirit, red and white wine, vinegar and a 3% acetic acid solution. The solutions were kept in cups with and without solder for 24 h. Lead and cadmium have been determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. The limits of detection were 0.05 and 1.4 μg L-1, and the characteristic mass was 1.0 pg and 19 pg for Cd and Pb, respectively. With the developed methods it was possible to determine accurately cadmium and lead by direct analysis in these liquids and to evaluate the leaching of these metals from Pewter cups. The results presented in this work show that Pewter cups are not cadmium- and lead-free; this point goes against the manufacturers' declaration that their products are lead-free. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.