The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kevin Patrick Tobia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Does religious belief infect Philosophical Analysis
Religion Brain & Behavior, 2015Co-Authors: Kevin Patrick TobiaAbstract:One popular conception of natural theology holds that certain purely rational arguments are insulated from empirical inquiry and independently establish conclusions that provide evidence, justification, or proof of God's existence. Yet, some raise suspicions that philosophers' and theologians' personal religious beliefs inappropriately affect these kinds of arguments. I present an experimental test of whether philosophers' and theologians' argument analyses are influenced by religious commitments. The empirical findings suggest that religious belief affects Philosophical Analysis and offer a challenge to theists and atheists, alike: re-evaluate the scope of natural theology's conclusions or acknowledge and begin to address the influence of religious belief.
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Does Religious Belief Infect Philosophical Analysis
2014Co-Authors: Kevin Patrick TobiaAbstract:One popular conception of natural theology holds that certain purely rational arguments are insulated from empirical inquiry and independently establish conclusions that provide evidence, justification, or proof of God’s existence. Yet, some raise suspicions that philosophers and theologians’ personal religious beliefs inappropriately affect these kinds of arguments. I present an experimental test of whether philosophers and theologians’ argument Analysis is influenced by religious commitments. The empirical findings suggest religious belief affects Philosophical Analysis and offer a challenge to theists and atheists, alike: reevaluate the scope of natural theology’s conclusions or acknowledge and begin to address the influence of religious belief.
Samir Okasha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fisher’s ‘Fundamental Theorem’ of Natural Selection: a Philosophical Analysis
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 2008Co-Authors: Samir OkashaAbstract:This paper provides a Philosophical Analysis of the ongoing controversy surrounding R.A. Fisher's famous ‘fundamental theorem’ of natural selection. The difference between the ‘traditional’ and ‘modern’ interpretations of the theorem is explained. I argue that proponents of the modern interpretation have captured Fisher's intended meaning correctly and shown that the theorem is mathematically correct, pace the traditional consensus. However, whether the theorem has any real biological significance remains an unresolved issue. I argue that the answer depends on whether we accept Fisher's non-standard notion of environmental change, on which the theorem rests; arguments for and against this notion are explored. I suggest that there is a close link between Fisher's fundamental theorem and the modern ‘gene's eye’ view of evolution.IntroductionWhat Does the Fundamental Theorem Say?Key Concepts ExplainedAlleged Significance of the FTNSTraditional versus Modern Interpretations of the FTNSThe Modern Interpretation IllustratedFisher's Concept of ‘Environmental Change’Causality and the Modern InterpretationThe Significance of the FTNS Re-consideredAppendix
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fisher s fundamental theorem of natural selection a Philosophical Analysis
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 2008Co-Authors: Samir OkashaAbstract:This paper provides a Philosophical Analysis of the ongoing controversy surrounding R.A. Fisher's famous ‘fundamental theorem’ of natural selection. The difference between the ‘traditional’ and ‘modern’ interpretations of the theorem is explained. I argue that proponents of the modern interpretation have captured Fisher's intended meaning correctly and shown that the theorem is mathematically correct, pace the traditional consensus. However, whether the theorem has any real biological significance remains an unresolved issue. I argue that the answer depends on whether we accept Fisher's non-standard notion of environmental change, on which the theorem rests; arguments for and against this notion are explored. I suggest that there is a close link between Fisher's fundamental theorem and the modern ‘gene's eye’ view of evolution.IntroductionWhat Does the Fundamental Theorem Say?Key Concepts ExplainedAlleged Significance of the FTNSTraditional versus Modern Interpretations of the FTNSThe Modern Interpretation IllustratedFisher's Concept of ‘Environmental Change’Causality and the Modern InterpretationThe Significance of the FTNS Re-consideredAppendix
Michael P Mueller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Philosophical Analysis of David Orr’s theory of ecological literacy: biophilia, ecojustice and moral education in school learning communities
Cultural Studies of Science Education, 2011Co-Authors: Debra B. Mitchell, Michael P MuellerAbstract:In his writings, David Orr claims that the US is in an “ecological crisis” and that this stems from a crisis of education. He outlines a theory of ecological literacy, a mode by which we better learn the ecology of the Earth and live in a sustainable manner. While emphasizing a shock doctrine, the diagnosis of “crisis” may be correct, but it is short-lived for children and adults of the world. In this Philosophical Analysis of Orr’s theory, it is argued that we move beyond the perspective of crisis. By extending Orr’s ecological literacy with biophilia and ecojustice and by recognizing the importance of experience-in-learning, science education is envisioned to incorporate values and morals within a longer term ideology of educational reform.
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a Philosophical Analysis of david orr s theory of ecological literacy biophilia ecojustice and moral education in school learning communities
Cultural Studies of Science Education, 2011Co-Authors: Debra Mitchell, Michael P MuellerAbstract:In his writings, David Orr claims that the US is in an “ecological crisis” and that this stems from a crisis of education. He outlines a theory of ecological literacy, a mode by which we better learn the ecology of the Earth and live in a sustainable manner. While emphasizing a shock doctrine, the diagnosis of “crisis” may be correct, but it is short-lived for children and adults of the world. In this Philosophical Analysis of Orr’s theory, it is argued that we move beyond the perspective of crisis. By extending Orr’s ecological literacy with biophilia and ecojustice and by recognizing the importance of experience-in-learning, science education is envisioned to incorporate values and morals within a longer term ideology of educational reform.
Michael Loughlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Patients and agents – or why we need a different narrative: a Philosophical Analysis
Philosophy ethics and humanities in medicine : PEHM, 2018Co-Authors: Harald Walach, Michael LoughlinAbstract:The success of medicine in the treatment of patients brings with it new challenges. More people live on to suffer from functional, chronic or multifactorial diseases, and this has led to calls for more complex analyses of the causal determinants of health and illness. Philosophical Analysis of background assumptions of the current paradigmatic model. While these factors do not require a radical paradigm shift, they do give us cause to develop a new narrative, to add to existing narratives that frame our thinking about medical care. In this paper we argue that the increased focus on lifestyle and shared decision making requires a new narrative of agency, to supplement the narrative of “the patient”. This narrative is conceptually linked to the developing philosophy of person-centred care. If patients are seen also as “agents” this will result in a substantial shift in practical decisions: The development and adoption of this narrative will help practitioners work with patients to their mutual benefit, harnessing the patients’ motivation, shifting the focus from treatment to prevention and preventing unnecessary and harmful treatments that can come out of our preoccupation with the patient narrative. It will also help to shift research efforts, conceptual and empirical, from “treating” and “battling” diseases and their purported “mechanisms” to understanding complex contributing factors and their interplay.
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patients and agents or why we need a different narrative a Philosophical Analysis
Philosophy Ethics and Humanities in Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Harald Walach, Michael LoughlinAbstract:The success of medicine in the treatment of patients brings with it new challenges. More people live on to suffer from functional, chronic or multifactorial diseases, and this has led to calls for more complex analyses of the causal determinants of health and illness. Philosophical Analysis of background assumptions of the current paradigmatic model. While these factors do not require a radical paradigm shift, they do give us cause to develop a new narrative, to add to existing narratives that frame our thinking about medical care. In this paper we argue that the increased focus on lifestyle and shared decision making requires a new narrative of agency, to supplement the narrative of “the patient”. This narrative is conceptually linked to the developing philosophy of person-centred care. If patients are seen also as “agents” this will result in a substantial shift in practical decisions: The development and adoption of this narrative will help practitioners work with patients to their mutual benefit, harnessing the patients’ motivation, shifting the focus from treatment to prevention and preventing unnecessary and harmful treatments that can come out of our preoccupation with the patient narrative. It will also help to shift research efforts, conceptual and empirical, from “treating” and “battling” diseases and their purported “mechanisms” to understanding complex contributing factors and their interplay.
Ann L. Whall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a Philosophical Analysis of agent based modelling a new tool for theory development in nursing
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2011Co-Authors: Christine Anderson, Ann L. WhallAbstract:anderson c.a. & whall a.l. (2011) A Philosophical Analysis of agent-based modelling: a new tool for theory development in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing67(4), 904–914. Abstract Aim. In this paper we present a discussion of the nature of agent-based modelling from nursing’s Philosophical perspectives and truth criteria as a means of evaluating this methodological tool’s disciplinary fit. Background. Agent-based modelling is a new methodological tool used to study complex systems. Researchers from a multitude of disciplines are using agent-based models to enhance understanding of problems that transcend disciplinary and geographical boundaries. Because of the growing interest in complexity science in the discipline of nursing, this new tool may prove useful for nurses engaged in research and theory development. Data sources. Electronic indexes and iterative bibliographic searches were used to identify papers, books and abstracts addressing agent-based modelling. In order to trace the emergence of the topic in the literature, date limiting parameters were not used. Selected studies from the international literature were limited to English language reports in the social sciences. The work was completed in 2008. Discussion. Recurrent themes concerning the use of agent-base modelling include heterogeneity, dynamics, adaption, emergence and ‘bridging’. The themes were congruent with Philosophical views and metanarratives in nursing. Implications for nursing. Agent-based models offer practical advantages in the pursuit of new knowledge, including the ability to pilot research studies using simulation or to visualize potential practice changes prior to implementation. Conclusion. The use of agent-based modelling as tool for nursing theory development, should be expanded. As nurses and other researchers become more familiar with the use of these models, methodological critique will contribute to the development of increasingly valid models.
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A Philosophical Analysis of agent‐based modelling: a new tool for theory development in nursing
Journal of advanced nursing, 2011Co-Authors: Christine Anderson, Ann L. WhallAbstract:anderson c.a. & whall a.l. (2011) A Philosophical Analysis of agent-based modelling: a new tool for theory development in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing67(4), 904–914. Abstract Aim. In this paper we present a discussion of the nature of agent-based modelling from nursing’s Philosophical perspectives and truth criteria as a means of evaluating this methodological tool’s disciplinary fit. Background. Agent-based modelling is a new methodological tool used to study complex systems. Researchers from a multitude of disciplines are using agent-based models to enhance understanding of problems that transcend disciplinary and geographical boundaries. Because of the growing interest in complexity science in the discipline of nursing, this new tool may prove useful for nurses engaged in research and theory development. Data sources. Electronic indexes and iterative bibliographic searches were used to identify papers, books and abstracts addressing agent-based modelling. In order to trace the emergence of the topic in the literature, date limiting parameters were not used. Selected studies from the international literature were limited to English language reports in the social sciences. The work was completed in 2008. Discussion. Recurrent themes concerning the use of agent-base modelling include heterogeneity, dynamics, adaption, emergence and ‘bridging’. The themes were congruent with Philosophical views and metanarratives in nursing. Implications for nursing. Agent-based models offer practical advantages in the pursuit of new knowledge, including the ability to pilot research studies using simulation or to visualize potential practice changes prior to implementation. Conclusion. The use of agent-based modelling as tool for nursing theory development, should be expanded. As nurses and other researchers become more familiar with the use of these models, methodological critique will contribute to the development of increasingly valid models.
