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Merritt Maduke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Activation of Piezo1 but not NaV1.2 Channels by Ultrasound at 43 MHz
    Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ultrasound (US) can modulate the electrical activity of the excitable tissues, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which US exerts its effects. Here, we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of US at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity. We describe the effects of US on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to US: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels are activated by continuous wave US at 43 MHz and 50 or 90 W/cm2 through cell membrane stress caused by acoustic streaming. NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism at these intensities, but their kinetics could be accelerated by US-induced heating.

  • Mechanical Activation Of Piezo1 But Not Nav1.2 Channels By Ultrasound
    bioRxiv, 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Ultrasound can modulate the electrical activity of the brain and other excitable tissues but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood, either at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which ultrasound exerts its effects. An obvious approach to address this question would be to measure ultrasounds effects on specific candidate ion channels using patch-clamp recording, but ultrasound at the most commonly used frequencies permanently damages the gigaohm seals required for patch-clamp recording. Here we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of ultrasound at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity in tissue in vitro. We describe the effects of ultrasound on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to ultrasound: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels can be activated by ultrasound through cell membrane stretch and that acoustic streaming is required for this effect. Despite the reported sensitivity of voltage-gated sodium channels to membrane stretch, NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism, but their activation and inactivation rates were accelerated by ultrasound-induced heating. The approach described here will be useful in exploring the effects of different ultrasound modalities on ion channels, to better understand the endogenous response of excitable tissues to ultrasound and to help design ultrasound-sensitive channels for sonogenetic manipulation of cell activity.

Martin Loynaz Prieto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Activation of Piezo1 but not NaV1.2 Channels by Ultrasound at 43 MHz
    Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ultrasound (US) can modulate the electrical activity of the excitable tissues, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which US exerts its effects. Here, we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of US at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity. We describe the effects of US on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to US: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels are activated by continuous wave US at 43 MHz and 50 or 90 W/cm2 through cell membrane stress caused by acoustic streaming. NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism at these intensities, but their kinetics could be accelerated by US-induced heating.

  • Mechanical Activation Of Piezo1 But Not Nav1.2 Channels By Ultrasound
    bioRxiv, 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Ultrasound can modulate the electrical activity of the brain and other excitable tissues but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood, either at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which ultrasound exerts its effects. An obvious approach to address this question would be to measure ultrasounds effects on specific candidate ion channels using patch-clamp recording, but ultrasound at the most commonly used frequencies permanently damages the gigaohm seals required for patch-clamp recording. Here we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of ultrasound at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity in tissue in vitro. We describe the effects of ultrasound on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to ultrasound: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels can be activated by ultrasound through cell membrane stretch and that acoustic streaming is required for this effect. Despite the reported sensitivity of voltage-gated sodium channels to membrane stretch, NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism, but their activation and inactivation rates were accelerated by ultrasound-induced heating. The approach described here will be useful in exploring the effects of different ultrasound modalities on ion channels, to better understand the endogenous response of excitable tissues to ultrasound and to help design ultrasound-sensitive channels for sonogenetic manipulation of cell activity.

Kamyar Firouzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Activation of Piezo1 but not NaV1.2 Channels by Ultrasound at 43 MHz
    Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ultrasound (US) can modulate the electrical activity of the excitable tissues, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which US exerts its effects. Here, we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of US at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity. We describe the effects of US on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to US: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels are activated by continuous wave US at 43 MHz and 50 or 90 W/cm2 through cell membrane stress caused by acoustic streaming. NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism at these intensities, but their kinetics could be accelerated by US-induced heating.

  • Mechanical Activation Of Piezo1 But Not Nav1.2 Channels By Ultrasound
    bioRxiv, 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Ultrasound can modulate the electrical activity of the brain and other excitable tissues but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood, either at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which ultrasound exerts its effects. An obvious approach to address this question would be to measure ultrasounds effects on specific candidate ion channels using patch-clamp recording, but ultrasound at the most commonly used frequencies permanently damages the gigaohm seals required for patch-clamp recording. Here we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of ultrasound at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity in tissue in vitro. We describe the effects of ultrasound on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to ultrasound: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels can be activated by ultrasound through cell membrane stretch and that acoustic streaming is required for this effect. Despite the reported sensitivity of voltage-gated sodium channels to membrane stretch, NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism, but their activation and inactivation rates were accelerated by ultrasound-induced heating. The approach described here will be useful in exploring the effects of different ultrasound modalities on ion channels, to better understand the endogenous response of excitable tissues to ultrasound and to help design ultrasound-sensitive channels for sonogenetic manipulation of cell activity.

Butrus T. Khuri-yakub - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Activation of Piezo1 but not NaV1.2 Channels by Ultrasound at 43 MHz
    Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Abstract Ultrasound (US) can modulate the electrical activity of the excitable tissues, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which US exerts its effects. Here, we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of US at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity. We describe the effects of US on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to US: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels are activated by continuous wave US at 43 MHz and 50 or 90 W/cm2 through cell membrane stress caused by acoustic streaming. NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism at these intensities, but their kinetics could be accelerated by US-induced heating.

  • Mechanical Activation Of Piezo1 But Not Nav1.2 Channels By Ultrasound
    bioRxiv, 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Loynaz Prieto, Kamyar Firouzi, Butrus T. Khuri-yakub, Merritt Maduke
    Abstract:

    Ultrasound can modulate the electrical activity of the brain and other excitable tissues but the mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood, either at the molecular level or in terms of the Physical Modality through which ultrasound exerts its effects. An obvious approach to address this question would be to measure ultrasounds effects on specific candidate ion channels using patch-clamp recording, but ultrasound at the most commonly used frequencies permanently damages the gigaohm seals required for patch-clamp recording. Here we report an experimental system that allows for stable patch-clamp recording in the presence of ultrasound at 43 MHz, a frequency known to stimulate neural activity in tissue in vitro. We describe the effects of ultrasound on two ion channels proposed to be involved in the response of excitable cells to ultrasound: the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2. Our patch-clamp recordings, together with finite-element simulations of acoustic field parameters indicate that Piezo1 channels can be activated by ultrasound through cell membrane stretch and that acoustic streaming is required for this effect. Despite the reported sensitivity of voltage-gated sodium channels to membrane stretch, NaV1.2 channels were not affected through this mechanism, but their activation and inactivation rates were accelerated by ultrasound-induced heating. The approach described here will be useful in exploring the effects of different ultrasound modalities on ion channels, to better understand the endogenous response of excitable tissues to ultrasound and to help design ultrasound-sensitive channels for sonogenetic manipulation of cell activity.

M Kaniarasu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Prognostic Outcome of Cervical Spondylosis following Cervical Traction as Physical Modality
    2011
    Co-Authors: M Kaniarasu
    Abstract:

    INTRODUCTION: Cervical Spondylosis is the degenerative condition of the cervical spine is the commonest neck problem seen in out patient clinics of all total cervical problems. It’s Prevalence and Incidence is as early as after 30 years of age in both sex and proceed further as age advances according to the vocational aspect, prolonged bad postures in a sedentary life style. It produces various symptoms ranging from neck pain (localized and radiating), restriction of neck movements, weakness in muscle power, sensory deficit, numbness and tingling sensation in the upper limbs, giddiness, sometimes difficulty in walking and balance due to spinal cord involvement. Cervical traction is one of the Physical Modality used in the treatment of cervical spondylosis is often argued as worthless and unproven. Some tend to use cervical traction in all cervical conditions indiscriminately, need to be reminded that specific contradictions for cervical tractions do exist. Above all the primary reason for not using cervical traction is lack of expertise on the part of person prescribing it or applying it. Cervical Spine is the most flexible part of the spine in the human beings. It undergoes more movements in C5-6 Interspace followed by C4-5 and C6- 7 Interspace. The objective of the study is to evaluate subjects suffering from cervical spondylosis after careful selection and applying cervical traction and assess the outcome of study in pain relief, radiation of pain and range of motion. AIM OF THE STUDY: To find out the effectiveness of the cervical traction as a Physical Modality. To compare the outcome of VAS, ROM of the neck and radiation of pain after three weeks of cervical traction of the study group with a control group. To study the association of Age, Sex, Radiation of pain to which side with cervical Spondylosis in the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Setting: The study was conducted on subjects with cervical spondylosis, attending as outpatients. Design of study: The study was a cross sectional case-control analytical study. Period of study: The study was conducted from June 2010 to January 2011. Consent: Informed consent was obtained from the subjects studied Inclusion Criteria: Individuals who were diagnosed as cervical spondylosis attending for treatment in the outpatient department were included in the study if they met the following inclusion criteria 1. Diagnosis of cervical spondylosis after 30 years of age 2. Repeated attacks of neck pain with the history of previous episodes were also included 3. Absence of muscle weakness and sensory deficits and reflex deficit are included 4. Patient with left side radiating pain without ECG changes for heart problem were included 5. Patient with diagnosis of cervical spondylosis without long tract signs were included 6. Age within 65 were included Exclusion Criteria: 1. Those patients with rheumatoid features, acute infective features, tumor like features 2. Patients with cervical vertebrae abnormality like block vertebrae, old fracture in cervical spine. 3. Patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy 4. Patients with severe cardiac illness, severe hypertension, severe pulmonary problems 5. Age above 60 were not included. Subjects: Thus a total of 20 case that satisfied the Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria stated above were taken up for the study with NSAIDS and Hotpack and cervical traction. 5 patients with cervical spondylosis were given NSAIDS and hotpacks only, 5 patients were given only NSAIDS, served as positive control to provide corroborative evidence of the strength of association and to eliminate selection bias. SUMMARY: Cervical spondylosis is a common neck problem affecting humans after 30 years of age. The study was conducted to find out the effectiveness of cervical tractions as a Physical Modality. After an informed consent and with rigid inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 patients and 10 controls were selected carefully and were evaluated on social, clinical and laboratory aspects. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed statistically. The Mean age was 47.9 + 5.9 of the 20 patients, with cervical spondylosis were given (cervical traction) as a Physical Modality. The age groups of all the three groups were comparable and there was no statistical significant (p = 0.7154). There were 18 male and 12 female patients in the study, the people affected with cervical spondylosis, no statistically difference between male and females studied in all the three group. There was statistically significant improvement in pain relief measured by VAS. Reduction of radiation of pain into the upper limb and improvement of range of movement of the neck with the cervical traction in the patients suffering from cervical spondylosis. CONCLUSION: 1. The prevalence of cervical spondylosis increase with age 2. Our study indicate effective cervical traction bringing out improvement in pain measured by visual analog scale (VAS), relief in radiation of pain to the hand by its disappearance and range of movement improvement. 3. Our study indicates including cervical traction as a Physical Modality suggests a high improvement in a less time than without using it in patients suffering from cervical spondylosis.