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Gábor Reuter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a highly divergent Picornavirus infecting the gut epithelia of zebrafish danio rerio in research institutions worldwide
Zebrafish, 2019Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Gábor Reuter, Xutao Deng, Eda Altan, Steven V Kubiski, Mohammadreza Sadeghi, Erica K CreightonAbstract:Zebrafish have been extensively used as a model system for research in vertebrate development and pathogen-host interactions. We describe the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus identified during a viral metagenomics analysis of zebrafish gut tissue. The closest relatives of this virus showed identity of <20% in their P1 capsids and <36% in their RdRp qualifying zebrafish Picornavirus-1 (ZfPV-1) as member of a novel genus with a proposed name of Cyprivirus. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR testing of zebrafish from North America, Europe, and Asia showed ZfPV-1 to be globally distributed, being detected in 23 of 41 (56%) institutions tested. In situ hybridization of whole zebrafish showed viral RNA was restricted to a subset of enterocytes and cells in the subjacent lamina propria of the intestine and the intestinal mucosa. This naturally occurring and apparently asymptomatic infection (in wild-type zebrafish lineage AB) provides a natural infection system to study Picornavirus-host interactions in an advanced vertebrate model organism. Whether ZfPV-1 infection affects any immunological, developmental, or other biological processes in wild-type or mutant zebrafish lineages remains to be determined.
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a highly divergent Picornavirus infecting the gut epithelia of zebrafish danio rerio in research institutions world wide
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Eda Altan, Akos Boros, Gábor Reuter, Xutao Deng, Steven V Kubiski, Mohammadreza Sadeghi, Erica K Creighton, Marcus J Crim, Eric DelwartAbstract:Abstract Zebrafish have been extensively used as a model system for research in vertebrate development and pathogen-host interactions. We describe the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus identified during a viral metagenomics analysis of zebrafish gut tissue. The closest relatives of this virus showed identity of ≤19.8% in their P1 capsids and ≤35.4% in their RdRp qualifying zebrafish Picornavirus 1 (ZfPV1) as member of a novel genus with a proposed name of Cyprivirus. RT-PCR testing of zebrafish from 41 institutions from North America, Europe, and Asia showed ZfPV1 to be highly prevalent world-wide. In situ hybridization of whole zebrafish showed viral RNA was restricted to a subset of enterocytes and cells in the subjacent lamina propria of the intestine and the intestinal mucosa. This naturally occurring and apparently asymptomatic infection (in wild type zebrafish lineage AB) provides a natural infection system to study Picornavirus-host interactions in an advanced vertebrate model organism. Whether ZfPV1 infection affects any immunological, developmental or other biological processes in wild type or mutant zebrafish lineages remains to be determined.
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Genome characterization of a novel megrivirus-related avian Picornavirus from a carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Péter Pankovics, Tung Gia Phan, Róbert Mátics, Ádám Adonyi, Nóra Bolba, Eric Delwart, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus called harrier Picornavirus 1 (HaPV-1) strain harrier/MR-01/HUN/2014 (KY488458) was sequenced and analysed from a cloacal sample of a threatened, carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier ( Circus aeruginosus ). HaPV-1 was detectable from 2 of the 3 samples from harriers. HaPV-1 is phylogenetically related to megriviruses (genus Megrivirus ) from domestic chicken, turkey and duck, showing a similar genome organization pattern; it also has an avian Picornavirus-like “Unit A” motif in the 3’ UTR. Unlike the type-IV internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) of megriviruses, HaPV-1 is predicted to contain a type–II–like IRES, suggesting modular exchange of IRES elements between Picornavirus genomes.
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Genetic characterization of a second novel Picornavirus from an amphibian host, smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Zoltán Tóth, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in faecal samples from smooth newts ( Lissotriton vulgaris ). The complete genome of Picornavirus strain newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN (KX463670) is 7755 nt long with type-IV IRES and has 39.6% aa sequence identity in the protein P1 to the corresponding protein of bat Picornavirus (KJ641686, unassigned) and 42.7% and 53.5% aa sequence identity in the 2C and 3CD protein, respectively, to oscivirus (GU182410, genus Oscivirus ). Interestingly, the L-protein of newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN has conserved aa motifs that are similar to those found in phosphatase-1 catalytic (PP1C) subunit binding region (pfam10488) proteins. This second amphibian-origin Picornavirus could represent a novel species and could be a founding member of a potential novel Picornavirus genus.
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novel Picornavirus in domestic rabbits oryctolagus cuniculus var domestica
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Eric Delwart, Hunor Biro, Katalin Horvath, Gábor ReuterAbstract:Picornaviruses (family Picornaviridae) are small, non-enveloped viruses with positive sense, single-stranded RNA genomes. The numbers of the novel Picornavirus species and genera are continuously increasing. Picornaviruses infect numerous vertebrate species from fish to mammals, but have not been identified in a member of the Lagomorpha order (pikas, hares and rabbits). In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in 16 (28.6%) out of 56 faecal samples collected from clinically healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica) in two (one commercial and one family farms) of four rabbit farms in Hungary. The 8364 nucleotide (2486 amino acid) long complete genome sequence of strain Rabbit01/2013/HUN (KT325852) has typical Picornavirus genome organization with type-V IRES at the 5'UTR, encodes a leader (L) and a single 2A(H-box/NC) proteins, contains a hepatitis-A-virus-like cis-acting replication element (CRE) in the 2A, but it does not contain the sequence forming a "barbell-like" secondary structure in the 3'UTR. Rabbit01/2013/HUN has 52.9%, 52% and 57.2% amino acid identity to corresponding proteins of species Aichivirus A (genus Kobuvirus): to murine Kobuvirus (JF755427) in P1, to canine Kobuvirus (JN387133) in P2 and to feline Kobuvirus (KF831027) in P3, respectively. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Rabbit01/2013/HUN represents a novel Picornavirus species possibly in genus Kobuvirus. This is the first report of detection of Picornavirus in rabbit. Further study is needed to clarify whether this novel Picornavirus plays a part in any diseases in domestic or wild rabbits.
Péter Pankovics - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome characterization of a novel megrivirus-related avian Picornavirus from a carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Péter Pankovics, Tung Gia Phan, Róbert Mátics, Ádám Adonyi, Nóra Bolba, Eric Delwart, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus called harrier Picornavirus 1 (HaPV-1) strain harrier/MR-01/HUN/2014 (KY488458) was sequenced and analysed from a cloacal sample of a threatened, carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier ( Circus aeruginosus ). HaPV-1 was detectable from 2 of the 3 samples from harriers. HaPV-1 is phylogenetically related to megriviruses (genus Megrivirus ) from domestic chicken, turkey and duck, showing a similar genome organization pattern; it also has an avian Picornavirus-like “Unit A” motif in the 3’ UTR. Unlike the type-IV internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) of megriviruses, HaPV-1 is predicted to contain a type–II–like IRES, suggesting modular exchange of IRES elements between Picornavirus genomes.
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Genetic characterization of a second novel Picornavirus from an amphibian host, smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Zoltán Tóth, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in faecal samples from smooth newts ( Lissotriton vulgaris ). The complete genome of Picornavirus strain newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN (KX463670) is 7755 nt long with type-IV IRES and has 39.6% aa sequence identity in the protein P1 to the corresponding protein of bat Picornavirus (KJ641686, unassigned) and 42.7% and 53.5% aa sequence identity in the 2C and 3CD protein, respectively, to oscivirus (GU182410, genus Oscivirus ). Interestingly, the L-protein of newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN has conserved aa motifs that are similar to those found in phosphatase-1 catalytic (PP1C) subunit binding region (pfam10488) proteins. This second amphibian-origin Picornavirus could represent a novel species and could be a founding member of a potential novel Picornavirus genus.
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novel Picornavirus in domestic rabbits oryctolagus cuniculus var domestica
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Eric Delwart, Hunor Biro, Katalin Horvath, Gábor ReuterAbstract:Picornaviruses (family Picornaviridae) are small, non-enveloped viruses with positive sense, single-stranded RNA genomes. The numbers of the novel Picornavirus species and genera are continuously increasing. Picornaviruses infect numerous vertebrate species from fish to mammals, but have not been identified in a member of the Lagomorpha order (pikas, hares and rabbits). In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in 16 (28.6%) out of 56 faecal samples collected from clinically healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica) in two (one commercial and one family farms) of four rabbit farms in Hungary. The 8364 nucleotide (2486 amino acid) long complete genome sequence of strain Rabbit01/2013/HUN (KT325852) has typical Picornavirus genome organization with type-V IRES at the 5'UTR, encodes a leader (L) and a single 2A(H-box/NC) proteins, contains a hepatitis-A-virus-like cis-acting replication element (CRE) in the 2A, but it does not contain the sequence forming a "barbell-like" secondary structure in the 3'UTR. Rabbit01/2013/HUN has 52.9%, 52% and 57.2% amino acid identity to corresponding proteins of species Aichivirus A (genus Kobuvirus): to murine Kobuvirus (JF755427) in P1, to canine Kobuvirus (JN387133) in P2 and to feline Kobuvirus (KF831027) in P3, respectively. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Rabbit01/2013/HUN represents a novel Picornavirus species possibly in genus Kobuvirus. This is the first report of detection of Picornavirus in rabbit. Further study is needed to clarify whether this novel Picornavirus plays a part in any diseases in domestic or wild rabbits.
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a highly divergent Picornavirus in an amphibian the smooth newt lissotriton vulgaris
Journal of General Virology, 2015Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Gábor Reuter, Tung Gia Phan, Zoltán Tóth, Péter PankovicsAbstract:Genetically highly divergent Picornavirus (Newt/2013/HUN, KP770140) was detected using viral metagenomics in faecal samples of free-living smooth newts (Lissotriton vulgaris). Newt Picornavirus was identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in six (25 %) of the 24 samples originating from individuals caught in two out of the six investigated natural ponds in Hungary. The first Picornavirus in amphibians expands the host range of members of the Picornaviridae, and opens a new research field in Picornavirus evolution in lower vertebrates. Newt Picornavirus represents a novel species in a novel genus within the family Picornaviridae, provisionally named genus Ampivirus (amphibian Picornavirus).
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genetic characterization of a novel Picornavirus distantly related to the marine mammal infecting aquamaviruses in a long distance migrant bird species european roller coracias garrulus
Journal of General Virology, 2013Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Orsolya Kiss, Péter Pankovics, Beatrix Kapusinszky, Tamas Kiss, Gábor ReuterAbstract:Despite the continuously growing number of known avian Picornaviruses (family Picornaviridae), knowledge of their genetic diversity in wild birds, especially in long-distance migrant species is very limited. In this study, we report the presence of a novel Picornavirus identified from one of 18 analysed faecal samples of an Afro-Palearctic migrant bird, the European roller (Coracias garrulus L., 1758), which is distantly related to the marine-mammal-infecting seal aquamavirus A1 (genus Aquamavirus). The phylogenetic analyses and the low sequence identity (P1 26.3 %, P2 25.8 % and P3 28.4 %) suggest that this Picornavirus could be the founding member of a novel Picornavirus genus that we have provisionally named ‘Kunsagivirus’, with ‘Greplavirus A’ (strain roller/SZAL6-KuV/2011/HUN, GenBank accession no. KC935379) as the candidate type species.
Akos Boros - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a highly divergent Picornavirus infecting the gut epithelia of zebrafish danio rerio in research institutions worldwide
Zebrafish, 2019Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Gábor Reuter, Xutao Deng, Eda Altan, Steven V Kubiski, Mohammadreza Sadeghi, Erica K CreightonAbstract:Zebrafish have been extensively used as a model system for research in vertebrate development and pathogen-host interactions. We describe the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus identified during a viral metagenomics analysis of zebrafish gut tissue. The closest relatives of this virus showed identity of <20% in their P1 capsids and <36% in their RdRp qualifying zebrafish Picornavirus-1 (ZfPV-1) as member of a novel genus with a proposed name of Cyprivirus. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR testing of zebrafish from North America, Europe, and Asia showed ZfPV-1 to be globally distributed, being detected in 23 of 41 (56%) institutions tested. In situ hybridization of whole zebrafish showed viral RNA was restricted to a subset of enterocytes and cells in the subjacent lamina propria of the intestine and the intestinal mucosa. This naturally occurring and apparently asymptomatic infection (in wild-type zebrafish lineage AB) provides a natural infection system to study Picornavirus-host interactions in an advanced vertebrate model organism. Whether ZfPV-1 infection affects any immunological, developmental, or other biological processes in wild-type or mutant zebrafish lineages remains to be determined.
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a highly divergent Picornavirus infecting the gut epithelia of zebrafish danio rerio in research institutions world wide
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Eda Altan, Akos Boros, Gábor Reuter, Xutao Deng, Steven V Kubiski, Mohammadreza Sadeghi, Erica K Creighton, Marcus J Crim, Eric DelwartAbstract:Abstract Zebrafish have been extensively used as a model system for research in vertebrate development and pathogen-host interactions. We describe the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus identified during a viral metagenomics analysis of zebrafish gut tissue. The closest relatives of this virus showed identity of ≤19.8% in their P1 capsids and ≤35.4% in their RdRp qualifying zebrafish Picornavirus 1 (ZfPV1) as member of a novel genus with a proposed name of Cyprivirus. RT-PCR testing of zebrafish from 41 institutions from North America, Europe, and Asia showed ZfPV1 to be highly prevalent world-wide. In situ hybridization of whole zebrafish showed viral RNA was restricted to a subset of enterocytes and cells in the subjacent lamina propria of the intestine and the intestinal mucosa. This naturally occurring and apparently asymptomatic infection (in wild type zebrafish lineage AB) provides a natural infection system to study Picornavirus-host interactions in an advanced vertebrate model organism. Whether ZfPV1 infection affects any immunological, developmental or other biological processes in wild type or mutant zebrafish lineages remains to be determined.
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Genome characterization of a novel megrivirus-related avian Picornavirus from a carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Péter Pankovics, Tung Gia Phan, Róbert Mátics, Ádám Adonyi, Nóra Bolba, Eric Delwart, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus called harrier Picornavirus 1 (HaPV-1) strain harrier/MR-01/HUN/2014 (KY488458) was sequenced and analysed from a cloacal sample of a threatened, carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier ( Circus aeruginosus ). HaPV-1 was detectable from 2 of the 3 samples from harriers. HaPV-1 is phylogenetically related to megriviruses (genus Megrivirus ) from domestic chicken, turkey and duck, showing a similar genome organization pattern; it also has an avian Picornavirus-like “Unit A” motif in the 3’ UTR. Unlike the type-IV internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) of megriviruses, HaPV-1 is predicted to contain a type–II–like IRES, suggesting modular exchange of IRES elements between Picornavirus genomes.
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Genetic characterization of a second novel Picornavirus from an amphibian host, smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Zoltán Tóth, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in faecal samples from smooth newts ( Lissotriton vulgaris ). The complete genome of Picornavirus strain newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN (KX463670) is 7755 nt long with type-IV IRES and has 39.6% aa sequence identity in the protein P1 to the corresponding protein of bat Picornavirus (KJ641686, unassigned) and 42.7% and 53.5% aa sequence identity in the 2C and 3CD protein, respectively, to oscivirus (GU182410, genus Oscivirus ). Interestingly, the L-protein of newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN has conserved aa motifs that are similar to those found in phosphatase-1 catalytic (PP1C) subunit binding region (pfam10488) proteins. This second amphibian-origin Picornavirus could represent a novel species and could be a founding member of a potential novel Picornavirus genus.
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novel Picornavirus in domestic rabbits oryctolagus cuniculus var domestica
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Eric Delwart, Hunor Biro, Katalin Horvath, Gábor ReuterAbstract:Picornaviruses (family Picornaviridae) are small, non-enveloped viruses with positive sense, single-stranded RNA genomes. The numbers of the novel Picornavirus species and genera are continuously increasing. Picornaviruses infect numerous vertebrate species from fish to mammals, but have not been identified in a member of the Lagomorpha order (pikas, hares and rabbits). In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in 16 (28.6%) out of 56 faecal samples collected from clinically healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica) in two (one commercial and one family farms) of four rabbit farms in Hungary. The 8364 nucleotide (2486 amino acid) long complete genome sequence of strain Rabbit01/2013/HUN (KT325852) has typical Picornavirus genome organization with type-V IRES at the 5'UTR, encodes a leader (L) and a single 2A(H-box/NC) proteins, contains a hepatitis-A-virus-like cis-acting replication element (CRE) in the 2A, but it does not contain the sequence forming a "barbell-like" secondary structure in the 3'UTR. Rabbit01/2013/HUN has 52.9%, 52% and 57.2% amino acid identity to corresponding proteins of species Aichivirus A (genus Kobuvirus): to murine Kobuvirus (JF755427) in P1, to canine Kobuvirus (JN387133) in P2 and to feline Kobuvirus (KF831027) in P3, respectively. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Rabbit01/2013/HUN represents a novel Picornavirus species possibly in genus Kobuvirus. This is the first report of detection of Picornavirus in rabbit. Further study is needed to clarify whether this novel Picornavirus plays a part in any diseases in domestic or wild rabbits.
Graham J. Belsham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification and complete genome analysis of a novel bovine Picornavirus in Japan.
Virus research, 2015Co-Authors: Makoto Nagai, Graham J. Belsham, Y Kaku, Yuki Naoi, Kaori Sano, Tsutomu Omatsu, Hiroshi Aoki, Kei Haga, Moeko Umetsu, Mai ShiokawaAbstract:We identified novel viruses in feces from cattle with diarrhea collected in 2009 in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, by using a metagenomics approach and determined the (near) complete sequences of the virus. Sequence analyses revealed that they had a standard Picornavirus genome organization, i.e. 5' untranslated region (UTR) - L- P1 (VP4- VP3- VP2- VP1) - P2 (2A- 2B- 2C) - P3 (3A- 3B- 3C-3D) - 3'UTR- poly(A). They are closely related to other unclassified Chinese Picornaviruses; bat Picornaviruses group 1-3, feline Picornavirus, and canine Picornavirus, sharing 45.4-51.4% (P1), 38.0-44.9% (P2), and 49.6-53.3% (P3) amino acid identities, respectively. The phylogenetic analyses and detailed genome characterization showed that they, together with the unclassified Chinese Picornaviruses, grouped as a cluster for the P1, 2C, 3CD and VP1 coding regions. These viruses had conserved features (e.g. predicted protein cleavage sites, presence of a leader protein, 2A, 2C, 3C, and 3D functional domains), suggesting they have a common ancestor. Reverse-transcription-PCR assays, using specific primers designed from the 5'UTR sequence of these viruses, showed that 23.0% (20/87) of fecal samples from cattle with diarrhea were positive, indicating the prevalence of these Picornavirus in the Japanese cattle population in Hokkaido Prefecture. However, further studies are needed to investigate the pathogenic potential and etiological role of these viruses in cattle.
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Divergent Picornavirus IRES elements.
Virus Research, 2008Co-Authors: Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements were first identified about 20 years ago within the 5' untranslated region of Picornavirus RNAs. They direct a cap-independent mechanism of translation initiation on the viral RNA. Within the Picornavirus family it is now known that there are four classes of IRES element which vary in size (450-270 nt), they also have different, complex, secondary structures and distinct requirements for cellular proteins to allow them to function. This review describes the features of each class of Picornavirus IRES element but focuses on the characteristics of the most recently described group, initially identified within the porcine teschovirus-1 RNA, which has strong similarities to the IRES elements from within the genomes of hepatitis C virus and the pestiviruses which are members of the flavivirus family. The selection of the initiation codon by these distinct IRES elements is also discussed.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a Picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on Picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, Picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other Picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the Picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
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functional and structural similarities between the internal ribosome entry sites of hepatitis c virus and porcine teschovirus a Picornavirus
Journal of Virology, 2004Co-Authors: Andrey V Pisarev, Louisa S. Chard, Y Kaku, Ivan N. Shatsky, Helen L Johns, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:Initiation of protein synthesis on Picornavirus RNA requires an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Typically, Picornavirus IRES elements contain about 450 nucleotides (nt) and use most of the cellular translation initiation factors. However, it is now shown that just 280 nt of the porcine teschovirus type 1 Talfan (PTV-1) 5′ untranslated region direct the efficient internal initiation of translation in vitro and within cells. In toeprinting assays, assembly of 48S preinitiation complexes from purified components on the PTV-1 IRES was achieved with just 40S ribosomal subunits plus eIF2 and Met-tRNAiMet. Indeed, a binary complex between 40S subunits and the PTV-1 IRES is formed. Thus, the PTV-1 IRES has properties that are entirely different from other Picornavirus IRES elements but highly reminiscent of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES. Comparison between the PTV-1 IRES and HCV IRES elements revealed islands of high sequence identity that occur in regions critical for the interactions of the HCV IRES with the 40S ribosomal subunit and eIF3. Thus, there is significant functional and structural similarity between the IRES elements from the Picornavirus PTV-1 and HCV, a flavivirus.
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unique characteristics of a Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site from the porcine teschovirus 1 talfan
Journal of Virology, 2002Co-Authors: Y Kaku, Louisa S. Chard, Toru Inoue, Graham J. BelshamAbstract:The teschoviruses constitute a recently defined Picornavirus genus. Most of the genome sequence of the porcine teschovirus-1 (PTV) Talfan and several other strains is known. We now demonstrate that initiation of protein synthesis occurs at nucleotide (nt) 412 on the PTV Talfan RNA and that nt 1 to 405 contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) that functions efficiently in vitro and within mammalian cells. In comparison with other Picornavirus IRES elements, the PTV IRES is relatively short and lacks a significant polypyrimidine tract near the 3′ end. Expression of an enterovirus 2A protease, which induces cleavage of eIF4G within the translation initiation complex eIF4F, has little effect on the PTV IRES activity within BHK cells. The PTV IRES has a unique set of properties and represents a new class of Picornavirus IRES element.
Tung Gia Phan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome characterization of a novel megrivirus-related avian Picornavirus from a carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Péter Pankovics, Tung Gia Phan, Róbert Mátics, Ádám Adonyi, Nóra Bolba, Eric Delwart, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, the complete genome of a novel Picornavirus called harrier Picornavirus 1 (HaPV-1) strain harrier/MR-01/HUN/2014 (KY488458) was sequenced and analysed from a cloacal sample of a threatened, carnivorous wild bird, western marsh harrier ( Circus aeruginosus ). HaPV-1 was detectable from 2 of the 3 samples from harriers. HaPV-1 is phylogenetically related to megriviruses (genus Megrivirus ) from domestic chicken, turkey and duck, showing a similar genome organization pattern; it also has an avian Picornavirus-like “Unit A” motif in the 3’ UTR. Unlike the type-IV internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) of megriviruses, HaPV-1 is predicted to contain a type–II–like IRES, suggesting modular exchange of IRES elements between Picornavirus genomes.
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Genetic characterization of a second novel Picornavirus from an amphibian host, smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris)
Archives of Virology, 2017Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Zoltán Tóth, Gábor ReuterAbstract:In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in faecal samples from smooth newts ( Lissotriton vulgaris ). The complete genome of Picornavirus strain newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN (KX463670) is 7755 nt long with type-IV IRES and has 39.6% aa sequence identity in the protein P1 to the corresponding protein of bat Picornavirus (KJ641686, unassigned) and 42.7% and 53.5% aa sequence identity in the 2C and 3CD protein, respectively, to oscivirus (GU182410, genus Oscivirus ). Interestingly, the L-protein of newt/II-5-Pilis/2014/HUN has conserved aa motifs that are similar to those found in phosphatase-1 catalytic (PP1C) subunit binding region (pfam10488) proteins. This second amphibian-origin Picornavirus could represent a novel species and could be a founding member of a potential novel Picornavirus genus.
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novel Picornavirus in domestic rabbits oryctolagus cuniculus var domestica
Infection Genetics and Evolution, 2016Co-Authors: Péter Pankovics, Akos Boros, Tung Gia Phan, Eric Delwart, Hunor Biro, Katalin Horvath, Gábor ReuterAbstract:Picornaviruses (family Picornaviridae) are small, non-enveloped viruses with positive sense, single-stranded RNA genomes. The numbers of the novel Picornavirus species and genera are continuously increasing. Picornaviruses infect numerous vertebrate species from fish to mammals, but have not been identified in a member of the Lagomorpha order (pikas, hares and rabbits). In this study, a novel Picornavirus was identified in 16 (28.6%) out of 56 faecal samples collected from clinically healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica) in two (one commercial and one family farms) of four rabbit farms in Hungary. The 8364 nucleotide (2486 amino acid) long complete genome sequence of strain Rabbit01/2013/HUN (KT325852) has typical Picornavirus genome organization with type-V IRES at the 5'UTR, encodes a leader (L) and a single 2A(H-box/NC) proteins, contains a hepatitis-A-virus-like cis-acting replication element (CRE) in the 2A, but it does not contain the sequence forming a "barbell-like" secondary structure in the 3'UTR. Rabbit01/2013/HUN has 52.9%, 52% and 57.2% amino acid identity to corresponding proteins of species Aichivirus A (genus Kobuvirus): to murine Kobuvirus (JF755427) in P1, to canine Kobuvirus (JN387133) in P2 and to feline Kobuvirus (KF831027) in P3, respectively. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Rabbit01/2013/HUN represents a novel Picornavirus species possibly in genus Kobuvirus. This is the first report of detection of Picornavirus in rabbit. Further study is needed to clarify whether this novel Picornavirus plays a part in any diseases in domestic or wild rabbits.
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a highly divergent Picornavirus in an amphibian the smooth newt lissotriton vulgaris
Journal of General Virology, 2015Co-Authors: Akos Boros, Gábor Reuter, Tung Gia Phan, Zoltán Tóth, Péter PankovicsAbstract:Genetically highly divergent Picornavirus (Newt/2013/HUN, KP770140) was detected using viral metagenomics in faecal samples of free-living smooth newts (Lissotriton vulgaris). Newt Picornavirus was identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in six (25 %) of the 24 samples originating from individuals caught in two out of the six investigated natural ponds in Hungary. The first Picornavirus in amphibians expands the host range of members of the Picornaviridae, and opens a new research field in Picornavirus evolution in lower vertebrates. Newt Picornavirus represents a novel species in a novel genus within the family Picornaviridae, provisionally named genus Ampivirus (amphibian Picornavirus).
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Rosavirus: the prototype of a proposed new genus of the Picornaviridae family.
Virus genes, 2013Co-Authors: Tung Gia Phan, Peter Simmonds, Erik Samayoa, Samia N. Naccache, Charles Y. Chiu, Eric DelwartAbstract:We describe a 8,724-nucleotide-long Picornavirus genome encoding a single 2,470-aa polyprotein obtained from the feces of a wild mouse. Rosavirus is genetically closest to the double ORF Dicipivirus found in canine feces that is currently the only Picornavirus with a second internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Of note, a section of rosavirus' 5'UTR showed strong sequence and structural conservation with the type II IRES from the Parechovirus and Hungarovirus genera possibly reflecting exchange of genetic modules between genera. Based on genetic distance criteria rosavirus qualifies as prototype of a new genus of the Picornaviridae family.
