The Experts below are selected from a list of 2544 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jing-ying Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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feature dimension reduction of naxi Pictographs characters recognition based on lda
2012Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jinghua Yin, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:As a kind of pictographic character, Naxi Pictographs character has received little academic attention. Proposing dimension reduction method of Naxi Pictographs characters on the basis of LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis), this paper thus makes an in-depth study of feature dimension reduction, an important issue in the recognition of Naxi Pictographs characters. By constructing a recognition sample library involving four features of grid feature, permeability number feature, moment invariant feature, and directional element feature (DEF), 50% of data are selected from sample library as training set and testing set respectively. Two dimension reduction methods of LDA and FA (Factor Analysis) are applied to dimension reduction experiment of features of Naxi Pictographs characters. The experiment result proves LDA method to be significantly superior to FA method, as LDA method could still maintain a 99% recognition precision when the dimension is reduced to 10% of the original dimension.
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naxi Pictographs edge detection using lifting wavelet transform
Journal of Convergence Information Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:This paper presents a lifting wavelet based edge detection algorithm for NaXi Pictographs, effectively reducing noises while improving the precision, which makes up the drawbacks of traditional edge detection. It is proved by emulation that compared with Laplace operator, Sobel operator, Canny operator, and multi-scale wavelet edge detection algorithm, this algorithm has better detection effect.
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preprocessing method for naxi Pictographs character recognition using wavelet transform
International Journal of Digital Content Technology and Its Applications, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:Preprocessing, a major component of Character Recognition System, has direct effect on the recognition system by its performance. Using wavelet transform, this paper mainly focuses on noise filtering and Edge Detection in a Preprocessing method for NaXi Pictographs Character Recognition. Image denoising is an important issue in image preprocessing. Based on the analysis of thresholding function and thresholding, which are very important in image denoising, we put forward the procedures of wavelet denoising for NaXi Pictographs. The experimental results turned out that wavelet denoising is a better method for NaXi Pictographs Recognition Preprocessing than linear denoising, median denoising or adaptive denoising. The images are broken down into the approximate parts and detail parts by wavelet. The approximate part is an approximate representation for the original image after filtering the high frequency part. Removed the high frequency component, the approximate part can detect the edge which the original image cannot detect. The wavelet based edge detection also has better effect than the traditional operators like Prewitt, Sobel, Roberts, Laplacian of Gaussian, Canny and others.
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the research and implementation of naxi Pictographs mobile phone dictionary based on j2me
Advanced Materials Research, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:As the only still used Pictographs in the world, NaXi Pictographs has been used in computer information processing. However, the technology of processing minority scripts hasn't been applied on mobile platform. Using Eclipse, this paper has developed a NaXi Pictographs Mobile Phone Dictionary Based on J2ME. Via Fast Searching Algorithm of Trie tree, we achieved the goal of NaXi-Chinese query and online update of the lexicon. To the problem of display NaXi Pictographs on the MT (Mobile Terminal), we extracted matrix font of NaXi Pictographs. The realization of NaXi Pictographs Mobile Phone Dictionary drew a new page on the history of information processing on Chinese minority scripts mobile, as well as a great reference for information processing on other minority scripts.
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the development of naxi Pictographs online dictionary based on weft
Machine Vision and Human-machine Interface, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying Zhao, Nan JiangAbstract:Naxi Pictographs, a kind of ancient Pictographs which is still used today, is now in danger of dying out due to some historical reasons. Protection and inherit of the Pictographs is extremely urgent. Starting with the characteristics of Naxi Pictographs, this paper will describe current situation of computerized information processing, characteristics of online dictionary and specific approach of the online dictionary of Naxi Pictographs. The online dictionary, using WEFT technique allows users search Naxi Pictographs online without an installation of Naxi Pictographs type. This achievement of online dictionary of Naxi Pictographs means significantly to the minority information processing in China, as well as dictionaries of other minorities language.
Hai Guo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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feature dimension reduction of naxi Pictographs characters recognition based on lda
2012Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jinghua Yin, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:As a kind of pictographic character, Naxi Pictographs character has received little academic attention. Proposing dimension reduction method of Naxi Pictographs characters on the basis of LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis), this paper thus makes an in-depth study of feature dimension reduction, an important issue in the recognition of Naxi Pictographs characters. By constructing a recognition sample library involving four features of grid feature, permeability number feature, moment invariant feature, and directional element feature (DEF), 50% of data are selected from sample library as training set and testing set respectively. Two dimension reduction methods of LDA and FA (Factor Analysis) are applied to dimension reduction experiment of features of Naxi Pictographs characters. The experiment result proves LDA method to be significantly superior to FA method, as LDA method could still maintain a 99% recognition precision when the dimension is reduced to 10% of the original dimension.
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naxi Pictographs edge detection using lifting wavelet transform
Journal of Convergence Information Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:This paper presents a lifting wavelet based edge detection algorithm for NaXi Pictographs, effectively reducing noises while improving the precision, which makes up the drawbacks of traditional edge detection. It is proved by emulation that compared with Laplace operator, Sobel operator, Canny operator, and multi-scale wavelet edge detection algorithm, this algorithm has better detection effect.
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preprocessing method for naxi Pictographs character recognition using wavelet transform
International Journal of Digital Content Technology and Its Applications, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:Preprocessing, a major component of Character Recognition System, has direct effect on the recognition system by its performance. Using wavelet transform, this paper mainly focuses on noise filtering and Edge Detection in a Preprocessing method for NaXi Pictographs Character Recognition. Image denoising is an important issue in image preprocessing. Based on the analysis of thresholding function and thresholding, which are very important in image denoising, we put forward the procedures of wavelet denoising for NaXi Pictographs. The experimental results turned out that wavelet denoising is a better method for NaXi Pictographs Recognition Preprocessing than linear denoising, median denoising or adaptive denoising. The images are broken down into the approximate parts and detail parts by wavelet. The approximate part is an approximate representation for the original image after filtering the high frequency part. Removed the high frequency component, the approximate part can detect the edge which the original image cannot detect. The wavelet based edge detection also has better effect than the traditional operators like Prewitt, Sobel, Roberts, Laplacian of Gaussian, Canny and others.
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the research and implementation of naxi Pictographs mobile phone dictionary based on j2me
Advanced Materials Research, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying ZhaoAbstract:As the only still used Pictographs in the world, NaXi Pictographs has been used in computer information processing. However, the technology of processing minority scripts hasn't been applied on mobile platform. Using Eclipse, this paper has developed a NaXi Pictographs Mobile Phone Dictionary Based on J2ME. Via Fast Searching Algorithm of Trie tree, we achieved the goal of NaXi-Chinese query and online update of the lexicon. To the problem of display NaXi Pictographs on the MT (Mobile Terminal), we extracted matrix font of NaXi Pictographs. The realization of NaXi Pictographs Mobile Phone Dictionary drew a new page on the history of information processing on Chinese minority scripts mobile, as well as a great reference for information processing on other minority scripts.
-
the development of naxi Pictographs online dictionary based on weft
Machine Vision and Human-machine Interface, 2010Co-Authors: Hai Guo, Jing-ying Zhao, Nan JiangAbstract:Naxi Pictographs, a kind of ancient Pictographs which is still used today, is now in danger of dying out due to some historical reasons. Protection and inherit of the Pictographs is extremely urgent. Starting with the characteristics of Naxi Pictographs, this paper will describe current situation of computerized information processing, characteristics of online dictionary and specific approach of the online dictionary of Naxi Pictographs. The online dictionary, using WEFT technique allows users search Naxi Pictographs online without an installation of Naxi Pictographs type. This achievement of online dictionary of Naxi Pictographs means significantly to the minority information processing in China, as well as dictionaries of other minorities language.
Brian J Zikmundfisher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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blocks ovals or people icon type affects risk perceptions and recall of Pictographs
Medical Decision Making, 2014Co-Authors: Brian J Zikmundfisher, Holly O Witteman, Mark Dickson, Andrea Fuhrelforbis, Valerie C Kahn, Nicole Exe, Melissa A Valerio, Lisa Holtzman, Laura D Scherer, Angela FagerlinAbstract:Background. Research has demonstrated that icon arrays (also called “Pictographs”) are an effective method of communicating risk statistics and appear particularly useful to less numerate and less ...
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cool but counterproductive interactive web based risk communications can backfire
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2011Co-Authors: Brian J Zikmundfisher, Mark Dickson, Holly O WittemanAbstract:Background: Paper-based patient decision aids generally present risk information using numbers and/or static images. However, limited psychological research has suggested that when people interactively graph risk information, they process the statistics more actively, making the information more available for decision making. Such interactive tools could potentially be incorporated in a new generation of Web-based decision aids. Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate whether interactive graphics detailing the risk of side effects of two treatments improve knowledge and decision making over standard risk graphics. Methods: A total of 3371 members of a demographically diverse Internet panel viewed a hypothetical scenario about two hypothetical treatments for thyroid cancer. Each treatment had a chance of causing 1 of 2 side effects, but we randomly varied whether one treatment was better on both dimensions (strong dominance condition), slightly better on only one dimension (mild dominance condition), or better on one dimension but worse on the other (trade-off condition) than the other treatment. We also varied whether respondents passively viewed the risk information in static pictograph (icon array) images or actively manipulated the information by using interactive Flash-based animations of “fill-in-the-blank” Pictographs. Our primary hypothesis was that active manipulation would increase respondents’ ability to recognize dominance (when available) and choose the better treatment. Results: The interactive risk graphic conditions had significantly worse survey completion rates (1110/1695, 65.5% vs 1316/1659, 79.3%, P < .001) than the static image conditions. In addition, respondents using interactive graphs were less likely to recognize and select the dominant treatment option (234/380, 61.6% vs 343/465, 73.8%, P < .001 in the strong dominance condition). Conclusions: Interactivity, however visually appealing, can both add to respondent burden and distract people from understanding relevant statistical information. Decision-aid developers need to be aware that interactive risk presentations may create worse outcomes than presentations of static risk graphic formats. [J Med Internet Res 2011;13(3):e60]
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the impact of the format of graphical presentation on health related knowledge and treatment choices
Patient Education and Counseling, 2008Co-Authors: Sarah T Hawley, Brian J Zikmundfisher, Peter A Ubel, Aleksandra Jancovic, Todd Lucas, Angela FagerlinAbstract:Objective: To evaluate the ability of six graph formats to impart knowledge about treatment risks/benefits to low and high numeracy individuals. Methods: Participants were randomized to receive numerical information about the risks and benefits of a hypothetical medical treatment in one of six graph formats. Each described the benefits of taking one of two drugs, as well as the risks of experiencing side effects. Main outcome variables were verbatim (specific numerical) and gist (general impression) knowledge. Participants were also asked to rate their perceptions of the graphical format and to choose a treatment. Results: 2412 participants completed the survey. Viewing a pictograph was associated with adequate levels of both types of knowledge, especially for lower numeracy individuals. Viewing tables was associated with a higher likelihood of having adequate verbatim knowledge vs. other formats (p < 0.001) but lower likelihood of having adequate gist knowledge (p < 0.05). All formats were positively received, but pictograph was trusted by both high and low numeracy respondents. Verbatim and gist knowledge were significantly (p < 0.01) associated with making a medically superior treatment choice. Conclusion: Pictographs are the best format for communicating probabilistic information to patients in shared decision making environments, particularly among lower numeracy individuals. Practice Implications: Providers can consider using Pictographs to communicate risk and benefit information to patients of different numeracy levels. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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communicating side effect risks in a tamoxifen prophylaxis decision aid the debiasing influence of Pictographs
Patient Education and Counseling, 2008Co-Authors: Brian J Zikmundfisher, Peter A Ubel, Dylan M Smith, Holly A Derry, Jennifer B Mcclure, Azadeh Stark, Rosemarie Pitsch, Angela FagerlinAbstract:Abstract Objective To experimentally test whether using Pictographs (image matrices), incremental risk formats, and varied risk denominators would influence perceptions and comprehension of side effect risks in an online decision aid about prophylactic use of tamoxifen to prevent primary breast cancers. Methods We recruited 631 women with elevated breast cancer risk from two healthcare organizations. Participants saw tailored estimates of the risks of 5 side effects: endometrial cancer, blood clotting, cataracts, hormonal symptoms, and sexual problems. Presentation format was randomly varied in a three factor design: (A) risk information was displayed either in Pictographs or numeric text; (B) presentations either reported total risks with and without tamoxifen or highlighted the incremental risk most relevant for decision making; and (C) risk estimates used 100 or 1000 person denominators. Primary outcome measures included risk perceptions and gist knowledge. Results Incremental risk formats consistently lowered perceived risk of side effects but resulted in low knowledge when displayed by numeric text only. Adding Pictographs, however, produced significantly higher comprehension levels. Conclusions Pictographs make risk statistics easier to interpret, reducing biases associated with incremental risk presentations. Practice implications Including graphs in risk communications is essential to support an informed treatment decision-making process.
Angela Fagerlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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blocks ovals or people icon type affects risk perceptions and recall of Pictographs
Medical Decision Making, 2014Co-Authors: Brian J Zikmundfisher, Holly O Witteman, Mark Dickson, Andrea Fuhrelforbis, Valerie C Kahn, Nicole Exe, Melissa A Valerio, Lisa Holtzman, Laura D Scherer, Angela FagerlinAbstract:Background. Research has demonstrated that icon arrays (also called “Pictographs”) are an effective method of communicating risk statistics and appear particularly useful to less numerate and less ...
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the impact of the format of graphical presentation on health related knowledge and treatment choices
Patient Education and Counseling, 2008Co-Authors: Sarah T Hawley, Brian J Zikmundfisher, Peter A Ubel, Aleksandra Jancovic, Todd Lucas, Angela FagerlinAbstract:Objective: To evaluate the ability of six graph formats to impart knowledge about treatment risks/benefits to low and high numeracy individuals. Methods: Participants were randomized to receive numerical information about the risks and benefits of a hypothetical medical treatment in one of six graph formats. Each described the benefits of taking one of two drugs, as well as the risks of experiencing side effects. Main outcome variables were verbatim (specific numerical) and gist (general impression) knowledge. Participants were also asked to rate their perceptions of the graphical format and to choose a treatment. Results: 2412 participants completed the survey. Viewing a pictograph was associated with adequate levels of both types of knowledge, especially for lower numeracy individuals. Viewing tables was associated with a higher likelihood of having adequate verbatim knowledge vs. other formats (p < 0.001) but lower likelihood of having adequate gist knowledge (p < 0.05). All formats were positively received, but pictograph was trusted by both high and low numeracy respondents. Verbatim and gist knowledge were significantly (p < 0.01) associated with making a medically superior treatment choice. Conclusion: Pictographs are the best format for communicating probabilistic information to patients in shared decision making environments, particularly among lower numeracy individuals. Practice Implications: Providers can consider using Pictographs to communicate risk and benefit information to patients of different numeracy levels. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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communicating side effect risks in a tamoxifen prophylaxis decision aid the debiasing influence of Pictographs
Patient Education and Counseling, 2008Co-Authors: Brian J Zikmundfisher, Peter A Ubel, Dylan M Smith, Holly A Derry, Jennifer B Mcclure, Azadeh Stark, Rosemarie Pitsch, Angela FagerlinAbstract:Abstract Objective To experimentally test whether using Pictographs (image matrices), incremental risk formats, and varied risk denominators would influence perceptions and comprehension of side effect risks in an online decision aid about prophylactic use of tamoxifen to prevent primary breast cancers. Methods We recruited 631 women with elevated breast cancer risk from two healthcare organizations. Participants saw tailored estimates of the risks of 5 side effects: endometrial cancer, blood clotting, cataracts, hormonal symptoms, and sexual problems. Presentation format was randomly varied in a three factor design: (A) risk information was displayed either in Pictographs or numeric text; (B) presentations either reported total risks with and without tamoxifen or highlighted the incremental risk most relevant for decision making; and (C) risk estimates used 100 or 1000 person denominators. Primary outcome measures included risk perceptions and gist knowledge. Results Incremental risk formats consistently lowered perceived risk of side effects but resulted in low knowledge when displayed by numeric text only. Adding Pictographs, however, produced significantly higher comprehension levels. Conclusions Pictographs make risk statistics easier to interpret, reducing biases associated with incremental risk presentations. Practice implications Including graphs in risk communications is essential to support an informed treatment decision-making process.
Holly O Witteman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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blocks ovals or people icon type affects risk perceptions and recall of Pictographs
Medical Decision Making, 2014Co-Authors: Brian J Zikmundfisher, Holly O Witteman, Mark Dickson, Andrea Fuhrelforbis, Valerie C Kahn, Nicole Exe, Melissa A Valerio, Lisa Holtzman, Laura D Scherer, Angela FagerlinAbstract:Background. Research has demonstrated that icon arrays (also called “Pictographs”) are an effective method of communicating risk statistics and appear particularly useful to less numerate and less ...
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cool but counterproductive interactive web based risk communications can backfire
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2011Co-Authors: Brian J Zikmundfisher, Mark Dickson, Holly O WittemanAbstract:Background: Paper-based patient decision aids generally present risk information using numbers and/or static images. However, limited psychological research has suggested that when people interactively graph risk information, they process the statistics more actively, making the information more available for decision making. Such interactive tools could potentially be incorporated in a new generation of Web-based decision aids. Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate whether interactive graphics detailing the risk of side effects of two treatments improve knowledge and decision making over standard risk graphics. Methods: A total of 3371 members of a demographically diverse Internet panel viewed a hypothetical scenario about two hypothetical treatments for thyroid cancer. Each treatment had a chance of causing 1 of 2 side effects, but we randomly varied whether one treatment was better on both dimensions (strong dominance condition), slightly better on only one dimension (mild dominance condition), or better on one dimension but worse on the other (trade-off condition) than the other treatment. We also varied whether respondents passively viewed the risk information in static pictograph (icon array) images or actively manipulated the information by using interactive Flash-based animations of “fill-in-the-blank” Pictographs. Our primary hypothesis was that active manipulation would increase respondents’ ability to recognize dominance (when available) and choose the better treatment. Results: The interactive risk graphic conditions had significantly worse survey completion rates (1110/1695, 65.5% vs 1316/1659, 79.3%, P < .001) than the static image conditions. In addition, respondents using interactive graphs were less likely to recognize and select the dominant treatment option (234/380, 61.6% vs 343/465, 73.8%, P < .001 in the strong dominance condition). Conclusions: Interactivity, however visually appealing, can both add to respondent burden and distract people from understanding relevant statistical information. Decision-aid developers need to be aware that interactive risk presentations may create worse outcomes than presentations of static risk graphic formats. [J Med Internet Res 2011;13(3):e60]