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Rana Pratap Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • amendments of microbial biofertilizers and organic substances reduces requirement of urea and dap with enhanced nutrient availability and productivity of wheat triticum aestivum l
    Ecological Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sanjeev Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, S C Barman, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Abstract Conventional biofertilizers (Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus subtilis; CBF), different doses of conventional chemical fertilizers (CCF) i.e. urea [(NH2)2CO,] and di-ammonium phosphate [DAP, (NH4)2HPO4] and combination of CBF and CCF were applied as different sole nutrient sources for the cultivation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. PBW-343) in experimental plots of 2.0 × 2.0 M. The lower doses i.e. 1/4 and 1/2 of the recommended dose of CCF along with the CBF separately and in combination of these two were entrapped in an organic matrix (OM) consisting cow-dung, neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder and clay soil in ratio of 1:1:1 along with saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder (15% w/w of dry mixture of the matrix materials; designated as super granules), were also applied as alternatives to the free/conventional forms of the various fertilizer treatments in the experimental fields. A combination of CCF and CBF increased nutrients availability and productivity of wheat more than the same fertilizers applied alone. The same fertilizers when entrapped in the above mentioned organic matrix further enhanced nutrients availability in soil as well as uptake in Plants as measured on 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing (DAS) in terms of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in rhizospheric soil (0–15 cm) and in Plant leaves as well as yield and productivity of wheat. The data indicate that even the lower dose of conventional chemical fertilizers in combination with microbial biofertilizers and organic matrix can be more effective for the enhanced productivity of wheat in sub-tropical agro-climatic conditions of wheat cultivating northern Indian regions.

  • increase in growth productivity and nutritional status of wheat triticum aestivum l cv wh 711 and enrichment in soil fertility applied with organic matrix entrapped urea
    Journal of Environmental Biology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, Manish Sainger, Poonam Ahlawat Sainger, Sanjeev Kumar, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Field experiments were conducted during two consequent years in semi-arid, subtropical climate of Rohtak district situated in North-West Indian state Haryana to evaluate the effects of eco-friendly organic matrix entrapped urea (OMEU) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. WH-711). The OMEU prepared in granular form contained cow dung, rice bran (grain cover of Oryza sativa), neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves and clay soil (diameter of particles < 0.002 mm) in 1:1:1:1 ratios and saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder entrapping half of the recommended dose of urea. A basal application of organic matrix entrapped urea showed increase in Plant growth in terms of fresh and dry weights, root length, root number, leaf number, tillers, Plant height earlet number, earlet length and productivity in terms of grain yield and straw yield over free form of urea (FU) and no fertilizer (NF) application. The OMEU increased total soluble proteins, organic N and free ammonium content in the leaves at 45 and 60 days. The nutritional status of wheat grains in OMEU applied Plants was almost similar to that observed for FU applied Plants. An increase in organic carbon and available phosphorus (P) was observed in OMEU applied plots on harvest whereas pH was slightly decreased over FU applied plots. The microbial population and activity in terms of fungal and bacterial colony count and activities soil dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher in OMEU applied plots as compared to the FU applied plots. Our data indicate that OMEU which are low cost, biodegradable and non-toxic can be used to replace the expensive chemical fertilizers for wheat cultivation in semi-arid, subtropical climate.

  • increase in growth productivity and nutritional status of rice oryza sativa l cv basmati and enrichment in soil fertility applied with an organic matrix entrapped urea
    Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, Manish Sainger, Poonam Ahlawat Sainger, Jay Shankar Singh, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of eco-friendly organic matrix entrapped urea (OMEU) on growth, productivity, and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Basmati) and soil enrichment in the paddy field at Rohtak (Haryana) located near Delhi. The OMEU prepared in granular form contained cow dung, rice bran (grain cover of Oryza sativa), powder of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), and clay soil (diameter of particles < 0.02 mm) in 1:1:1:1 ratios and saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder along with half of the recommended dose of commercially available soluble urea (free urea; FU). Single basal application of OMEU showed an increase in Plant growth in terms of fresh and dry weights, root length, root, leaf and tiller numbers, soluble protein, total N and ammonium in leaves, productivity in terms of grain and straw yield, and nutritional and microbial activities of field soil over free form of urea and no fertilizer application. Nutritional status of rice grains was also improved over the free urea and no fertilizer controls. Our data indicate that OMEU, which is low cost and based on bio-degradable, non-toxic, and locally available agro-waste, can be attempted to replace the conventional use of soluble urea in rice.

Sanjeev Kumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • amendments of microbial biofertilizers and organic substances reduces requirement of urea and dap with enhanced nutrient availability and productivity of wheat triticum aestivum l
    Ecological Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sanjeev Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, S C Barman, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Abstract Conventional biofertilizers (Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus subtilis; CBF), different doses of conventional chemical fertilizers (CCF) i.e. urea [(NH2)2CO,] and di-ammonium phosphate [DAP, (NH4)2HPO4] and combination of CBF and CCF were applied as different sole nutrient sources for the cultivation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. PBW-343) in experimental plots of 2.0 × 2.0 M. The lower doses i.e. 1/4 and 1/2 of the recommended dose of CCF along with the CBF separately and in combination of these two were entrapped in an organic matrix (OM) consisting cow-dung, neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder and clay soil in ratio of 1:1:1 along with saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder (15% w/w of dry mixture of the matrix materials; designated as super granules), were also applied as alternatives to the free/conventional forms of the various fertilizer treatments in the experimental fields. A combination of CCF and CBF increased nutrients availability and productivity of wheat more than the same fertilizers applied alone. The same fertilizers when entrapped in the above mentioned organic matrix further enhanced nutrients availability in soil as well as uptake in Plants as measured on 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing (DAS) in terms of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in rhizospheric soil (0–15 cm) and in Plant leaves as well as yield and productivity of wheat. The data indicate that even the lower dose of conventional chemical fertilizers in combination with microbial biofertilizers and organic matrix can be more effective for the enhanced productivity of wheat in sub-tropical agro-climatic conditions of wheat cultivating northern Indian regions.

  • increase in growth productivity and nutritional status of wheat triticum aestivum l cv wh 711 and enrichment in soil fertility applied with organic matrix entrapped urea
    Journal of Environmental Biology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, Manish Sainger, Poonam Ahlawat Sainger, Sanjeev Kumar, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Field experiments were conducted during two consequent years in semi-arid, subtropical climate of Rohtak district situated in North-West Indian state Haryana to evaluate the effects of eco-friendly organic matrix entrapped urea (OMEU) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. WH-711). The OMEU prepared in granular form contained cow dung, rice bran (grain cover of Oryza sativa), neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves and clay soil (diameter of particles < 0.002 mm) in 1:1:1:1 ratios and saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder entrapping half of the recommended dose of urea. A basal application of organic matrix entrapped urea showed increase in Plant growth in terms of fresh and dry weights, root length, root number, leaf number, tillers, Plant height earlet number, earlet length and productivity in terms of grain yield and straw yield over free form of urea (FU) and no fertilizer (NF) application. The OMEU increased total soluble proteins, organic N and free ammonium content in the leaves at 45 and 60 days. The nutritional status of wheat grains in OMEU applied Plants was almost similar to that observed for FU applied Plants. An increase in organic carbon and available phosphorus (P) was observed in OMEU applied plots on harvest whereas pH was slightly decreased over FU applied plots. The microbial population and activity in terms of fungal and bacterial colony count and activities soil dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher in OMEU applied plots as compared to the FU applied plots. Our data indicate that OMEU which are low cost, biodegradable and non-toxic can be used to replace the expensive chemical fertilizers for wheat cultivation in semi-arid, subtropical climate.

Kuldeep Bauddh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • amendments of microbial biofertilizers and organic substances reduces requirement of urea and dap with enhanced nutrient availability and productivity of wheat triticum aestivum l
    Ecological Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sanjeev Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, S C Barman, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Abstract Conventional biofertilizers (Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus subtilis; CBF), different doses of conventional chemical fertilizers (CCF) i.e. urea [(NH2)2CO,] and di-ammonium phosphate [DAP, (NH4)2HPO4] and combination of CBF and CCF were applied as different sole nutrient sources for the cultivation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. PBW-343) in experimental plots of 2.0 × 2.0 M. The lower doses i.e. 1/4 and 1/2 of the recommended dose of CCF along with the CBF separately and in combination of these two were entrapped in an organic matrix (OM) consisting cow-dung, neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder and clay soil in ratio of 1:1:1 along with saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder (15% w/w of dry mixture of the matrix materials; designated as super granules), were also applied as alternatives to the free/conventional forms of the various fertilizer treatments in the experimental fields. A combination of CCF and CBF increased nutrients availability and productivity of wheat more than the same fertilizers applied alone. The same fertilizers when entrapped in the above mentioned organic matrix further enhanced nutrients availability in soil as well as uptake in Plants as measured on 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing (DAS) in terms of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in rhizospheric soil (0–15 cm) and in Plant leaves as well as yield and productivity of wheat. The data indicate that even the lower dose of conventional chemical fertilizers in combination with microbial biofertilizers and organic matrix can be more effective for the enhanced productivity of wheat in sub-tropical agro-climatic conditions of wheat cultivating northern Indian regions.

  • increase in growth productivity and nutritional status of wheat triticum aestivum l cv wh 711 and enrichment in soil fertility applied with organic matrix entrapped urea
    Journal of Environmental Biology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, Manish Sainger, Poonam Ahlawat Sainger, Sanjeev Kumar, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Field experiments were conducted during two consequent years in semi-arid, subtropical climate of Rohtak district situated in North-West Indian state Haryana to evaluate the effects of eco-friendly organic matrix entrapped urea (OMEU) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. WH-711). The OMEU prepared in granular form contained cow dung, rice bran (grain cover of Oryza sativa), neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves and clay soil (diameter of particles < 0.002 mm) in 1:1:1:1 ratios and saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder entrapping half of the recommended dose of urea. A basal application of organic matrix entrapped urea showed increase in Plant growth in terms of fresh and dry weights, root length, root number, leaf number, tillers, Plant height earlet number, earlet length and productivity in terms of grain yield and straw yield over free form of urea (FU) and no fertilizer (NF) application. The OMEU increased total soluble proteins, organic N and free ammonium content in the leaves at 45 and 60 days. The nutritional status of wheat grains in OMEU applied Plants was almost similar to that observed for FU applied Plants. An increase in organic carbon and available phosphorus (P) was observed in OMEU applied plots on harvest whereas pH was slightly decreased over FU applied plots. The microbial population and activity in terms of fungal and bacterial colony count and activities soil dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher in OMEU applied plots as compared to the FU applied plots. Our data indicate that OMEU which are low cost, biodegradable and non-toxic can be used to replace the expensive chemical fertilizers for wheat cultivation in semi-arid, subtropical climate.

  • increase in growth productivity and nutritional status of rice oryza sativa l cv basmati and enrichment in soil fertility applied with an organic matrix entrapped urea
    Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, Manish Sainger, Poonam Ahlawat Sainger, Jay Shankar Singh, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of eco-friendly organic matrix entrapped urea (OMEU) on growth, productivity, and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Basmati) and soil enrichment in the paddy field at Rohtak (Haryana) located near Delhi. The OMEU prepared in granular form contained cow dung, rice bran (grain cover of Oryza sativa), powder of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), and clay soil (diameter of particles < 0.02 mm) in 1:1:1:1 ratios and saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder along with half of the recommended dose of commercially available soluble urea (free urea; FU). Single basal application of OMEU showed an increase in Plant growth in terms of fresh and dry weights, root length, root, leaf and tiller numbers, soluble protein, total N and ammonium in leaves, productivity in terms of grain and straw yield, and nutritional and microbial activities of field soil over free form of urea and no fertilizer application. Nutritional status of rice grains was also improved over the free urea and no fertilizer controls. Our data indicate that OMEU, which is low cost and based on bio-degradable, non-toxic, and locally available agro-waste, can be attempted to replace the conventional use of soluble urea in rice.

S C Barman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • amendments of microbial biofertilizers and organic substances reduces requirement of urea and dap with enhanced nutrient availability and productivity of wheat triticum aestivum l
    Ecological Engineering, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sanjeev Kumar, Kuldeep Bauddh, S C Barman, Rana Pratap Singh
    Abstract:

    Abstract Conventional biofertilizers (Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus subtilis; CBF), different doses of conventional chemical fertilizers (CCF) i.e. urea [(NH2)2CO,] and di-ammonium phosphate [DAP, (NH4)2HPO4] and combination of CBF and CCF were applied as different sole nutrient sources for the cultivation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. PBW-343) in experimental plots of 2.0 × 2.0 M. The lower doses i.e. 1/4 and 1/2 of the recommended dose of CCF along with the CBF separately and in combination of these two were entrapped in an organic matrix (OM) consisting cow-dung, neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder and clay soil in ratio of 1:1:1 along with saresh (Plant Gum of Acacia sp.) as binder (15% w/w of dry mixture of the matrix materials; designated as super granules), were also applied as alternatives to the free/conventional forms of the various fertilizer treatments in the experimental fields. A combination of CCF and CBF increased nutrients availability and productivity of wheat more than the same fertilizers applied alone. The same fertilizers when entrapped in the above mentioned organic matrix further enhanced nutrients availability in soil as well as uptake in Plants as measured on 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing (DAS) in terms of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in rhizospheric soil (0–15 cm) and in Plant leaves as well as yield and productivity of wheat. The data indicate that even the lower dose of conventional chemical fertilizers in combination with microbial biofertilizers and organic matrix can be more effective for the enhanced productivity of wheat in sub-tropical agro-climatic conditions of wheat cultivating northern Indian regions.

Anna Lluveras-tenorio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Painting the Palace of Apries I: ancient binding media and coatings of the reliefs from the Palace of Apries, Lower Egypt
    Heritage Science, 2018
    Co-Authors: Cecilie Brøns, Kaare Lund Rasmussen, Marta Melchiorre Crescenzo, Rebecca Stacey, Anna Lluveras-tenorio
    Abstract:

    This study gives an account of the organic components (binders and coatings) found in the polychromy of some fragmented architectural reliefs from the Palace of Apries in Memphis, Egypt (26th Dynasty, ca. 589-568 BCE). A column capital and five relief fragments from the collections of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in Copenhagen were chosen for examination, selected because of their well-preserved polychromy. Samples from the fragments were first investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to screen for the presence of organic materials and to identify the chemical family to which these materials belong (proteinaceous, polysaccharides or lipid). Only the samples showing the potential presence of organic binder residues were further investigated using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC–MS) targeting the analysis towards the detection and identification of compounds belonging to the chemical families identified by FTIR. The detection of polysaccharides in the paint layers on the capital and on two of the fragments indicates the use of Plant Gums as binding media. The interpretation of the sugar profiles was not straightforward so botanical classification was only possible for one fragment where the results of analysis seem to point to Gum arabic. The sample from the same fragment was found to contain animal glue and a second protein material (possibly egg). While the presence of animal glue is probably ascribable to the binder used for the ground layer, the second protein indicates that either the paint layer was bound in a mixture of different binding materials or that the paint layer, bound in a Plant Gum, was then coated with a proteinaceous material. The surface of two of the investigated samples was partially covered by translucent waxy materials that were identified as a synthetic wax (applied during old conservation treatments) and as beeswax, respectively. It is possible that the beeswax is of ancient origin, selectively applied on yellow areas in order to create a certain glossiness or highlight specific elements.