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Cheryl A Conover - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • key questions and answers about pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a
    Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2012
    Co-Authors: Cheryl A Conover
    Abstract:

    Twenty-five years after it was identified as a circulating Protein of unknown function derived from the placenta, pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) was discovered to be a novel zinc metalloProteinase expressed by a variety of cell types. Great progress has been made in understanding the biology of PAPP-A and its regulation during recent years, especially in regard to physiological and pathophysiological inflammatory injury responses. However, much remains to be learned about this complex Protein and its potential clinical implications outside pregnancy. In this article we address some of the outstanding questions about PAPP-A, in particular about its newly emerging role in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system.

  • differential regulation of pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a in human coronary artery endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells
    Growth Hormone & Igf Research, 2008
    Co-Authors: Cheryl A Conover, Sean C Harrington, Laurie K Bale
    Abstract:

    Background Pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A), a metalloProteinase that serves to modulate local insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action, is upregulated in atherosclerotic plaque. However, little is known about the cellular mechanisms underlying this elevated PAPP-A.

  • loss of pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a extends lifespan in mice
    Aging Cell, 2007
    Co-Authors: Cheryl A Conover, Laurie K Bale
    Abstract:

    Summary Genetic deletion in mice of pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A), a recently identified metalloProteinase in the insulin-like growth factor system, extends by 30–40% both mean and maximum lifespan with no reduction in food intake or secondary endocrine abnormalities. Furthermore, these mice have markedly reduced incidence of spontaneous tumors. The findings implicate PAPP-A as a critical regulator of lifespan and age-related diseases, and suggest PAPP-A as a possible target to promote longevity.

  • cytokine stimulation of pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a expression in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells inhibition by resveratrol
    American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Cheryl A Conover, Laurie K Bale, Sean C Harrington, Zachary T Resch, Michael Toft Overgaard, Claus Oxvig
    Abstract:

    Through specific cleavage of Proteins that bind and inhibit insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) enhances local IGF-I availability, and, consequently...

  • pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a as a marker of acute coronary syndromes
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 2001
    Co-Authors: Antoni Bayesgenis, Cheryl A Conover, Michael Toft Overgaard, Claus Oxvig, Kent R Bailey, Michael Christiansen, David R Holmes, Renu Virmani, Robert S Schwartz
    Abstract:

    Background Circulating markers indicating the instability of atherosclerotic plaques could have diagnostic value in unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. We evaluated pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A), a potentially proatherosclerotic metalloProteinase, as a marker of acute coronary syndromes. Methods We examined the level of expression of PAPP-A in eight culprit unstable coronary plaques and four stable plaques from eight patients who had died suddenly of cardiac causes. We also measured circulating levels of PAPP-A, C-reactive Protein, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in 17 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 20 with unstable angina, 19 with stable angina, and 13 controls without atherosclerosis. Results PAPP-A was abundantly expressed in plaque cells and extracellular matrix of ruptured and eroded unstable plaques, but not in stable plaques. Circulating PAPP-A levels were significantly higher in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction than in p...

James N Macri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • second trimester pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a levels are reduced in cornelia de lange syndrome pregnancies
    Prenatal Diagnosis, 1999
    Co-Authors: David A Aitken, M Ireland, Esther Berry, Jennifer A Crossley, James N Macri, J Burn, Michael J Connor
    Abstract:

    Maternal serum samples were collected from 19 pregnancies which resulted in the birth of a child with the classical Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype ascertained by careful clinical review. Using specific immunoassays, the serum levels of pregnancy associated Plasma Protein-A, free-beta human chorionic gonadotrophin and inhibin A were investigated. Pregnancy associated Plasma Protein-A was detectable in all cases but the levels were significantly reduced in second-trimester maternal serum from 18 affected pregnancies. Expressed as multiples of the median (MOM), the results ranged from 0.03 MOM to 0.71 MOM with an overall median value of 0.21 MOM (Mann–Whitney p<0.001). From these data it is possible to estimate a probability that any given level of this serum marker is associated with an affected pregnancy. One further sample taken in the first trimester from an affected pregnancy at 11 weeks' gestation had a normal pregnancy associated Plasma Protein-A level (1.22 MOM). Less markedly reduced levels were found for free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin and inhibin A. We conclude that second-trimester maternal serum pregnancy associated Plasma Protein-A measurements may be of value as an adjunct to ultrasonography in the prenatal diagnosis of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. A table of likelihood ratios is presented. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • first trimester down syndrome screening free β human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1996
    Co-Authors: David A Krantz, John W Larsen, Philip D Buchanan, James N Macri
    Abstract:

    Abstract OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the feasibility of a first-trimester Down syndrome screening protocol including free β-human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A. STUDY DESIGN: First-trimester maternal blood samples from 22 Down syndrome and 483 control cases were assayed for free β-human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedures. False-positive and detection rates were determined on the basis of Down syndrome risks calculated from the levels of biochemical markers and maternal age. Because 11 of the 22 Down syndrome cases were from older pregnancies (≥35 years old), rates were recalculated with the United States age distribution of live births to get a more representative estimate of false positives and detection efficiency. RESULTS: The median free β-human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A levels in cases of Down syndrome was 2.09 (95% confidence interval 1.69 to 2.62) and 0.405 multiples of the median (95% confidence interval 0.28 to 0.67), respectively. At a 5.0% false-positive rate, 15 (68.2%) Down syndrome cases were detected. By use of the age distribution of live births, 63% of cases could be expected to be detected at a 5.0% false-positive rate. CONCLUSION: First-trimester free β-human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A screening for Down syndrome can achieve detection rates as high as those associated with α-fetoProtein and human chorionic gonadotropin or α-fetoProtein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and unconjugated estriol screening in the second trimester. Prospective studies are needed to further assess first-trimester screening. (AM J OBSTET GYNECOL 1996;174:612-6.)

  • first trimester biochemical screening for trisomy 21 the role of free beta hcg alpha fetoProtein and pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a
    Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, 1994
    Co-Authors: Kevin Spencer, Jennifer A Crossley, D A Aitken, G Mccaw, E Berry, R W Anderson, J M Connor, James N Macri
    Abstract:

    The potential efficacy of screening for trisomy 21 in the first trimester, using maternal serum markers alpha fetoProtein, free beta human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated oestriol and pregnancy associated Plasma Protein A, was studied in an unselected population of women between the seventh and fourteenth week of gestation. Using a combination of alpha fetoProtein and free beta human chorionic gonadotropin, 53% of affected pregnancies could be identified at a false positive rate of 5%. Unconjugated oestriol and pregnancy associated Plasma Protein A levels were lower in cases of trisomy 21, but their inclusion with other markers did not significantly improve detection rate. Monitoring the same pregnancies also in the second trimester showed that screening in the first trimester identified the same cases as in the second. We conclude that first trimester screening using free beta human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoProtein, is a viable possibility and will lead to detection rates in excess of 50%. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these observations.

Brun-hansen Hege - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Plasma Protein fractions in free-living white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from Norway
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2019
    Co-Authors: Flo Jørgen, Løseth, Mari Engvig, Sonne C, Jaspers Veerle, Brun-hansen Hege
    Abstract:

    Background Capillary electrophoresis of Plasma Proteins has shown great potential as a complementary diagnostic tool for avian species. However, reference intervals for Plasma Proteins are sparse or lacking for several free-living avian species. The current study reports electrophoretic patterns and concentrations of Plasma Proteins determined for 70 free-living white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from two locations in Norway (Steigen and Smøla) in order to establish reference values for this subpopulation using capillary electrophoresis. The nestlings were between 44 and 87 days of age, and the Plasma Protein concentrations were investigated for age, sex, year (2015 and 2016) and location differences. To our knowledge, this is the first report of reference intervals of Plasma Proteins analysed by capillary electrophoresis in free-living white-tailed eagle nestlings. Results The Plasma Protein concentrations (% of total Protein, mean ± SE) were determined for prealbumin (13.7%, 4.34 ± 0.15 g/L), albumin (46.7%, 14.81 ± 0.24 g/L), α1-globulin (2.4%, 0.74 ± 0.03 g/L), α2-globulin (11.7%, 3.72 ± 0.06 g/L), β-globulin (15.9%, 5.06 ± 0.08 g/L) and γ-globulin (9.6%, 3.05 ± 0.09 g/L). Significant differences were found between the two locations for prealbumin, α2- and γ-globulins. No significant differences were found between the two sampling years or sexes, and no effect of age was found for any of the Plasma Proteins. However, prealbumin levels were several folds higher than previously reported from adults of closely related birds of prey species. There were no other studies on capillary electrophoresis of nestling Plasma available for comparison. Conclusion Significant differences were found between sampling locations for prealbumin, α2- and γ-globulins, which may indicate differences in inflammatory or infectious status between nestlings at the two locations. Sampling year, sex or age had no significant effect on the Plasma Protein concentrations. These results provide novel data on Plasma Protein concentrations by capillary electrophoresis and may be useful for evaluation of health status in free-living white-tailed eagle nestlings.publishedVersio

  • Plasma Protein fractions in free-living white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from Norway
    2019
    Co-Authors: Flo Jørgen, Løseth, Mari Engvig, Sonne C, Jaspers Veerle, Brun-hansen Hege
    Abstract:

    Background Capillary electrophoresis of Plasma Proteins has shown great potential as a complementary diagnostic tool for avian species. However, reference intervals for Plasma Proteins are sparse or lacking for several free-living avian species. The current study reports electrophoretic patterns and concentrations of Plasma Proteins determined for 70 free-living white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from two locations in Norway (Steigen and Smøla) in order to establish reference values for this subpopulation using capillary electrophoresis. The nestlings were between 44 and 87 days of age, and the Plasma Protein concentrations were investigated for age, sex, year (2015 and 2016) and location differences. To our knowledge, this is the first report of reference intervals of Plasma Proteins analysed by capillary electrophoresis in free-living white-tailed eagle nestlings. Results The Plasma Protein concentrations (% of total Protein, mean ± SE) were determined for prealbumin (13.7%, 4.34 ± 0.15 g/L), albumin (46.7%, 14.81 ± 0.24 g/L), α1-globulin (2.4%, 0.74 ± 0.03 g/L), α2-globulin (11.7%, 3.72 ± 0.06 g/L), β-globulin (15.9%, 5.06 ± 0.08 g/L) and γ-globulin (9.6%, 3.05 ± 0.09 g/L). Significant differences were found between the two locations for prealbumin, α2- and γ-globulins. No significant differences were found between the two sampling years or sexes, and no effect of age was found for any of the Plasma Proteins. However, prealbumin levels were several folds higher than previously reported from adults of closely related birds of prey species. There were no other studies on capillary electrophoresis of nestling Plasma available for comparison. Conclusion Significant differences were found between sampling locations for prealbumin, α2- and γ-globulins, which may indicate differences in inflammatory or infectious status between nestlings at the two locations. Sampling year, sex or age had no significant effect on the Plasma Protein concentrations. These results provide novel data on Plasma Protein concentrations by capillary electrophoresis and may be useful for evaluation of health status in free-living white-tailed eagle nestlings

Claus Oxvig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cytokine stimulation of pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a expression in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells inhibition by resveratrol
    American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Cheryl A Conover, Laurie K Bale, Sean C Harrington, Zachary T Resch, Michael Toft Overgaard, Claus Oxvig
    Abstract:

    Through specific cleavage of Proteins that bind and inhibit insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) enhances local IGF-I availability, and, consequently...

  • pregnancy associated Plasma Protein a as a marker of acute coronary syndromes
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 2001
    Co-Authors: Antoni Bayesgenis, Cheryl A Conover, Michael Toft Overgaard, Claus Oxvig, Kent R Bailey, Michael Christiansen, David R Holmes, Renu Virmani, Robert S Schwartz
    Abstract:

    Background Circulating markers indicating the instability of atherosclerotic plaques could have diagnostic value in unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. We evaluated pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A), a potentially proatherosclerotic metalloProteinase, as a marker of acute coronary syndromes. Methods We examined the level of expression of PAPP-A in eight culprit unstable coronary plaques and four stable plaques from eight patients who had died suddenly of cardiac causes. We also measured circulating levels of PAPP-A, C-reactive Protein, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in 17 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 20 with unstable angina, 19 with stable angina, and 13 controls without atherosclerosis. Results PAPP-A was abundantly expressed in plaque cells and extracellular matrix of ruptured and eroded unstable plaques, but not in stable plaques. Circulating PAPP-A levels were significantly higher in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction than in p...

Laurie K Bale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.