The Experts below are selected from a list of 13431 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhenming Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tribo charging properties of waste Plastic granules in process of tribo electrostatic separation
Waste Management, 2015Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guiqing Wu, Zhenming XuAbstract:Abstract Plastic products can be found everywhere in people’s daily life. With the consistent growth of Plastic Consumption, more and more Plastic waste is generated. Considering the stable chemical and physics characteristics of Plastic, regular waste management methods are not suitable for recycling economic strategy of each government, which has become a serious environmental problem. Recycling Plastic waste is considered to be the best way to treat it, because it cannot only deduce the waste but also save the energy to produce new virgin Plastic. Tribo-electrostatic separation is strongly recommended for Plastic separation as it can preserve the original properties of Plastic and has little additional pollution. In this study, Plastic granules are generated by crushing Plastic waste in waste electric and electronic equipment. The tribo-charging properties of Plastic waste were studied by vibrating tribo-charging and cyclone tribo-charging. The triboelectric series obtained by vibrating was: (−)-PE–PS–PC–PVC–ABS–PP-(+), while the triboelectric series obtained by cyclone was (−)-PE–PS–PC–PVC–ABS–PP-(+). Further, the cyclone charging was more effective and stable than vibrating charging. The impact factors experiments showed that small particle size was better changed than large ones and were more suitable recycled by tribo-electrostatic separation. High relative humidity was identified as impede charging effect. The results of this study will help defining the operating parameters of subsequent separator.
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triboelectrostatic separation for granular Plastic waste recycling a review
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Guiqing Wu, Jia Li, Zhenming XuAbstract:The world’s Plastic Consumption has increased incredibly in recent decades, generating more and more Plastic waste, which makes it a great public concern. Recycling is the best treatment for Plastic waste since it cannot only reduce the waste but also reduce the Consumption of oil for producing new virgin Plastic. Mechanical recycling is recommended for Plastic waste to avoid the loss of its virgin value. As a mechanical separation technology, triboelectrostatic separation utilizes the difference between surface properties of different materials to get them oppositely charged, deflected in the electric field and separately collected. It has advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, no concern of water disposal or secondary pollution and a relatively wide processing range of particle size especially suitable for the granular Plastic waste. The process of triboelectrostatic separation for Plastic waste is reviewed in this paper. Different devices have been developed and proven to be effective for separation of Plastic waste. The influence factors are also discussed. It can be concluded that the triboelectrostatic separation of Plastic waste is a promising technology. However, more research is required before it can be widely applied in industry.
Jia Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tribo charging properties of waste Plastic granules in process of tribo electrostatic separation
Waste Management, 2015Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guiqing Wu, Zhenming XuAbstract:Abstract Plastic products can be found everywhere in people’s daily life. With the consistent growth of Plastic Consumption, more and more Plastic waste is generated. Considering the stable chemical and physics characteristics of Plastic, regular waste management methods are not suitable for recycling economic strategy of each government, which has become a serious environmental problem. Recycling Plastic waste is considered to be the best way to treat it, because it cannot only deduce the waste but also save the energy to produce new virgin Plastic. Tribo-electrostatic separation is strongly recommended for Plastic separation as it can preserve the original properties of Plastic and has little additional pollution. In this study, Plastic granules are generated by crushing Plastic waste in waste electric and electronic equipment. The tribo-charging properties of Plastic waste were studied by vibrating tribo-charging and cyclone tribo-charging. The triboelectric series obtained by vibrating was: (−)-PE–PS–PC–PVC–ABS–PP-(+), while the triboelectric series obtained by cyclone was (−)-PE–PS–PC–PVC–ABS–PP-(+). Further, the cyclone charging was more effective and stable than vibrating charging. The impact factors experiments showed that small particle size was better changed than large ones and were more suitable recycled by tribo-electrostatic separation. High relative humidity was identified as impede charging effect. The results of this study will help defining the operating parameters of subsequent separator.
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triboelectrostatic separation for granular Plastic waste recycling a review
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Guiqing Wu, Jia Li, Zhenming XuAbstract:The world’s Plastic Consumption has increased incredibly in recent decades, generating more and more Plastic waste, which makes it a great public concern. Recycling is the best treatment for Plastic waste since it cannot only reduce the waste but also reduce the Consumption of oil for producing new virgin Plastic. Mechanical recycling is recommended for Plastic waste to avoid the loss of its virgin value. As a mechanical separation technology, triboelectrostatic separation utilizes the difference between surface properties of different materials to get them oppositely charged, deflected in the electric field and separately collected. It has advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, no concern of water disposal or secondary pollution and a relatively wide processing range of particle size especially suitable for the granular Plastic waste. The process of triboelectrostatic separation for Plastic waste is reviewed in this paper. Different devices have been developed and proven to be effective for separation of Plastic waste. The influence factors are also discussed. It can be concluded that the triboelectrostatic separation of Plastic waste is a promising technology. However, more research is required before it can be widely applied in industry.
Guiqing Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tribo charging properties of waste Plastic granules in process of tribo electrostatic separation
Waste Management, 2015Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guiqing Wu, Zhenming XuAbstract:Abstract Plastic products can be found everywhere in people’s daily life. With the consistent growth of Plastic Consumption, more and more Plastic waste is generated. Considering the stable chemical and physics characteristics of Plastic, regular waste management methods are not suitable for recycling economic strategy of each government, which has become a serious environmental problem. Recycling Plastic waste is considered to be the best way to treat it, because it cannot only deduce the waste but also save the energy to produce new virgin Plastic. Tribo-electrostatic separation is strongly recommended for Plastic separation as it can preserve the original properties of Plastic and has little additional pollution. In this study, Plastic granules are generated by crushing Plastic waste in waste electric and electronic equipment. The tribo-charging properties of Plastic waste were studied by vibrating tribo-charging and cyclone tribo-charging. The triboelectric series obtained by vibrating was: (−)-PE–PS–PC–PVC–ABS–PP-(+), while the triboelectric series obtained by cyclone was (−)-PE–PS–PC–PVC–ABS–PP-(+). Further, the cyclone charging was more effective and stable than vibrating charging. The impact factors experiments showed that small particle size was better changed than large ones and were more suitable recycled by tribo-electrostatic separation. High relative humidity was identified as impede charging effect. The results of this study will help defining the operating parameters of subsequent separator.
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triboelectrostatic separation for granular Plastic waste recycling a review
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Guiqing Wu, Jia Li, Zhenming XuAbstract:The world’s Plastic Consumption has increased incredibly in recent decades, generating more and more Plastic waste, which makes it a great public concern. Recycling is the best treatment for Plastic waste since it cannot only reduce the waste but also reduce the Consumption of oil for producing new virgin Plastic. Mechanical recycling is recommended for Plastic waste to avoid the loss of its virgin value. As a mechanical separation technology, triboelectrostatic separation utilizes the difference between surface properties of different materials to get them oppositely charged, deflected in the electric field and separately collected. It has advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, no concern of water disposal or secondary pollution and a relatively wide processing range of particle size especially suitable for the granular Plastic waste. The process of triboelectrostatic separation for Plastic waste is reviewed in this paper. Different devices have been developed and proven to be effective for separation of Plastic waste. The influence factors are also discussed. It can be concluded that the triboelectrostatic separation of Plastic waste is a promising technology. However, more research is required before it can be widely applied in industry.
Giorgio Borreani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessing the Effect of Securing Bales with either Polyethylene Film or Netting on the Fermentation Profiles, Fungal Load, and Plastic Consumption in Baled Silage of Grass-Legume Mixtures
Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 2013Co-Authors: Ernesto Tabacco, Carlo Bisaglia, A. Revello-chion, Giorgio BorreaniAbstract:Abstract. The aim of this research was to study the possibility of reducing mold growth on the surface of low-moisture baled silage, without increasing Plastic costs, by replacing polyethylene net with polyethylene tying-film to secure large round bales in the baler chamber. Two trials (I and II) were performed on first and third cuts of the same grass-legume mixture located in the Po plain. In each trial, a total of 16 round bales were baled after 24 h of wilting and half of them were secured with net while the other half were secured with polyethylene film. Four bales from each secure method were randomly assigned to the wrapping layer treatments (four or six layers). All the bales were stored outdoors on their flat ends. After 250 days of storage, the bales were examined to establish their fermentative profile and microbiological quality. Total Plastic Consumption and costs were also evaluated. The high DM content of the silages restricted fermentation and resulted in low concentrations of acids in both trials, with pH in the inner part of the bale ranging from 5.41 to 5.70. The tying film was well distributed on the curved side and over the edges of the bales and did not show signs of damage due to mechanical operations (ejection, handling, wrapping). The use of tying film, compared to net led to a reduction in the number of holes and an improvement in the anaerobic status of the baled silage, even with just four layers of stretch-film, and resulted in a decrease in mold counts and visible mold growth over the bale surface. It was concluded that securing baled silage with tying film before wrapping could reduce the fungal load of baled silage without increasing the total Plastic usage and costs.
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The use of Plastic film instead of netting when tying round bales for wrapped baled silage
Biosystems Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Carlo Bisaglia, Ernesto Tabacco, Giorgio BorreaniAbstract:The possibility of replacing net with film to tie large round bales for silage making was investigated. A specifically designed polyethylene film has been developed and used to replace the typical net wrapping. A film-tying device, which was already on the market, was fitted to a variable chamber round baler and used instead of the standard net-tying system. A total of 48 round bales, consisting of half Italian ryegrass and half lucerne were baled following a 2-day wilting period. Half of the bales were net-tied and the other half film-tied. The bales were wrapped with 4 or 6 layers of stretch film and stored outside, half on their ends and half on their curved surfaces, for 180 days. The mechanical, fermentative and microbiological aspects were investigated. The work rate was not affected by the tying method. No evident damage to the film used for tying was observed before or after ejection from the baler or after the mechanical handling using a typical bale squeeze. Plastic Consumption for film-tying was slightly higher, but mould on the bale surface was reduced compared to the net-tying method. This study has shown that film-tying could represent an interesting alternative to net-tying when preparing round bales for making silage.
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Effects of a New-Concept Wrapping System on Alfalfa Round-Bale Silage
Transactions of the ASABE, 2007Co-Authors: Giorgio Borreani, Carlo Bisaglia, Ernesto TabaccoAbstract:A field trial has been performed to compare a new-concept selective wrapper (3D) based on biaxial rotation of the film applicators with a conventional rotating-table bale wrapper. The objectives were to evaluate the working rates, total Plastic Consumption, uniformity of Plastic distribution on the bale surface, fermentation characteristics, and mold development in alfalfa round-bale silages. The conventional wrapper was set to wrap four (ST4) or six (ST6) layers of film, while the 3D wrapper was programmed to wrap at least four (MODE5) or six (MODE6) layers over the whole bale surface. The conventional wrapper consumed 0.696 and 1.013 kg of Plastic per bale for ST4 and ST6, respectively, and was characterized by the number of layers at the ends of the bale, which was five times larger than that at the side. The 3D wrapper utilized 0.862 and 0.976 kg of Plastic per bale for MODE5 and MODE6, respectively, and showed a better uniformity in the number of layers applied at the side and ends of the bale, allowing at least seven layers to be applied over the whole bale surface. The 3D system greatly reduced the damage by alfalfa stems to the Plastic on the corners of the bale, and it improved the fermentation quality of the alfalfa bale silage over a 180-day conservation period. The 3D system reduced the amount of Plastic used by 4% to 15% in comparison to six layers (ST6), which is the optimum amount for the preservation of alfalfa round-bale silage for storage periods longer than 120 days.
Roland Weber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ensuring sustainability in Plastics use in Africa: Consumption, waste generation, and projections
Environmental Sciences Europe, 2019Co-Authors: J. O. Babayemi, Innocent C. Nnorom, Oladele Osibanjo, Roland WeberAbstract:BackgroundCurrently, Plastic is at the top of the international agenda for waste management. Recent meetings of the Conferences of the Parties to the Basel and the Stockholm Conventions have expressed concerns over the impact of Plastic waste, marine Plastic litter, and microPlastics, and emphasised the importance of reducing Consumption and ensuring the environmentally sound management of waste Plastics. This study presents the first continental historical analysis of mass importation and Consumption of different polymers and Plastics (primary and secondary forms, respectively) in Africa and the associated pollution potential. We identified, collated and synthesised dispersed international trade data on the importation of polymers and Plastics into several African countries.ResultsThe 33 African countries (total population of 856,671,366) with available data for more than 10 years imported approximately 86.14 Mt of polymers in primary form and 31.5 Mt of Plastic products between 1990 and 2017. Extrapolating to the continental level (African population of 1.216 billion in 54 countries), about 172 Mt of polymers and Plastics valued at $285 billion were imported between 1990 and 2017. Considering also the components of products, an estimated 230 Mt of Plastics entered Africa during that time period, with the largest share going to Egypt (43 Mt, 18.7%), Nigeria (39 Mt, 17.0%), South Africa (27 Mt, 11.7%), Algeria (26 Mt, 11.3%), Morocco (22 Mt, 9.6%), and Tunisia (16 Mt, 7.0%). Additionally, primary Plastic production in 8 African countries contributed 15 Mt during 2009–2015. The assessment showed that environmentally sound end-of-life management of waste Plastics by recycling and energy recovery is in its infancy in Africa, but recycling activities and thermal recovery have started in a few countries.ConclusionsGlobally, the perception is that production and Consumption of Plastics can only increase in the future. Solutions are needed to tackle this global challenge. Certain policies and Plastic bag bans could help reduce Plastic Consumption in the near future, as demonstrated by Rwanda. Furthermore, there is a need for innovative solutions such as the introduction of biodegradable polymers and other alternatives, especially for packaging.
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Ensuring sustainability in Plastics use in Africa: Consumption, waste generation, and projections
Environmental Sciences Europe, 2019Co-Authors: J. O. Babayemi, Innocent C. Nnorom, Oladele Osibanjo, Roland WeberAbstract:Currently, Plastic is at the top of the international agenda for waste management. Recent meetings of the Conferences of the Parties to the Basel and the Stockholm Conventions have expressed concerns over the impact of Plastic waste, marine Plastic litter, and microPlastics, and emphasised the importance of reducing Consumption and ensuring the environmentally sound management of waste Plastics. This study presents the first continental historical analysis of mass importation and Consumption of different polymers and Plastics (primary and secondary forms, respectively) in Africa and the associated pollution potential. We identified, collated and synthesised dispersed international trade data on the importation of polymers and Plastics into several African countries. The 33 African countries (total population of 856,671,366) with available data for more than 10 years imported approximately 86.14 Mt of polymers in primary form and 31.5 Mt of Plastic products between 1990 and 2017. Extrapolating to the continental level (African population of 1.216 billion in 54 countries), about 172 Mt of polymers and Plastics valued at $285 billion were imported between 1990 and 2017. Considering also the components of products, an estimated 230 Mt of Plastics entered Africa during that time period, with the largest share going to Egypt (43 Mt, 18.7%), Nigeria (39 Mt, 17.0%), South Africa (27 Mt, 11.7%), Algeria (26 Mt, 11.3%), Morocco (22 Mt, 9.6%), and Tunisia (16 Mt, 7.0%). Additionally, primary Plastic production in 8 African countries contributed 15 Mt during 2009–2015. The assessment showed that environmentally sound end-of-life management of waste Plastics by recycling and energy recovery is in its infancy in Africa, but recycling activities and thermal recovery have started in a few countries. Globally, the perception is that production and Consumption of Plastics can only increase in the future. Solutions are needed to tackle this global challenge. Certain policies and Plastic bag bans could help reduce Plastic Consumption in the near future, as demonstrated by Rwanda. Furthermore, there is a need for innovative solutions such as the introduction of biodegradable polymers and other alternatives, especially for packaging.