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Hannah Proctor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a country beyond the Pleasure Principle alexander luria death drive and dialectic in soviet russia 1917 1930
    Psychoanalysis and History, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hannah Proctor
    Abstract:

    Alexander Luria played a prominent role in the psychoanalytic community that flourished briefly in Soviet Russia in the decade following the 1917 October Revolution. In 1925 he co-wrote an introduction to Sigmund Freud's Beyond the Pleasure Principle with Lev Vygotsky, which argued that the conservatism of the instincts that Freud described might be overcome through the kind of radical social transformation then taking place in Russia. In attempting to bypass the backward looking aspects of Freud's theory, however, Luria and Vygotsky also did away with the tension between Eros and the death drive; precisely the element of Freud's essay they praised for being ‘dialectical’. This article theoretically unpicks Luria and Vygotsky's critique of psychoanalysis. It concludes by considering their optimistic ideological argument against the death drive with Luria's contemporaneous psychological research findings, proposing that Freud's ostensibly conservative theory may not have been as antithetical to revolutiona...

  • ‘A Country Beyond the Pleasure Principle’: Alexander Luria, Death Drive and Dialectic in Soviet Russia, 1917–1930
    Psychoanalysis and History, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hannah Proctor
    Abstract:

    Alexander Luria played a prominent role in the psychoanalytic community that flourished briefly in Soviet Russia in the decade following the 1917 October Revolution. In 1925 he co-wrote an introduction to Sigmund Freud's Beyond the Pleasure Principle with Lev Vygotsky, which argued that the conservatism of the instincts that Freud described might be overcome through the kind of radical social transformation then taking place in Russia. In attempting to bypass the backward looking aspects of Freud's theory, however, Luria and Vygotsky also did away with the tension between Eros and the death drive; precisely the element of Freud's essay they praised for being ‘dialectical’. This article theoretically unpicks Luria and Vygotsky's critique of psychoanalysis. It concludes by considering their optimistic ideological argument against the death drive with Luria's contemporaneous psychological research findings, proposing that Freud's ostensibly conservative theory may not have been as antithetical to revolutiona...

Gavriel Reisner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Revisioning the death-drive: the compulsion to repeat as a death-in-life.
    Psychoanalytic review, 2014
    Co-Authors: Gavriel Reisner
    Abstract:

    This article presents a revisionary reading of Freud's Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Recognizing the power of Freud's meditation on a universal “death-drive” in living organisms, it argues that Freud makes a greater contribution by strengthening the compulsion to repeat to a form of figurative death. We recall that after shattering the presupposition of a universal Pleasure Principle, Freud demonstrates an equally strong pain-Principle. The pain-Principle entails a return to an old image inthe mind, just as Freud identifies Eros, the transfigured Pleasure-Principle, with the movement toward something new, “a different individual.” The moving backward toward old love in opposition to the moving forward to new love is an inspired narrative application of the Oedipus complex. The repetitive backward movement is a figurative death when the observing other or self encounters a deathlike affect of despair or persecution. Less persuasive because less experience-near is the concept of the death-drive. Freud writ...

Priyanka Behrani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • beyond the freud s Pleasure Principle the indian perspective to Pleasure
    Indian journal of positive psychology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Priyanka Behrani
    Abstract:

    The present paper focuses on the comparative perspective of the concept of Pleasure as described by Sigmund Freud founder of Psychoanalysis and the Indian view. Different translations of the term Ananda is used in different literature. Pleasure and bliss are most commonly used to explainAnanda.Pleasure is a major component of the developing field of positive psychology, as it encompasses the essence of what is associated with positive functioning. The aspect of Pleasure as it relates to positive functioning, describes a niche of how we interpret and understand positive functioning. For example, a state of gratification implies a physical Pleasure, whereas "a source of delight or joy" implies an emotional state. There is no blanket or objective rule to describe what Pleasure is for every person, although some of the physiological responses related to Pleasure can be identified. The broadness and subjectivity of Pleasure has long been examined and debated and has been examined from a number of perspectives (Lopez, 2009).The historical context from which Pleasure is most notably recognized is from the writing of the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. In his writings and discussions of human behavior he wrote about the "Pleasure Principle." Freud (1936) Pleasure Principle is the demand that an instinctive need be gratified regardless of the consequences.Freud explained the Pleasure Principle as the motivating force in human behavior, the need for immediate gratification leads to Pleasure and avoidance of pain. The Pleasure Principle is defined as an inborn tendency ofthe organism to avoid pain and to seekPleasure through the discharge of tension (Saddock & Saddock, 2007). In this context Pleasure has been characterized as something that is negative or problematic. The negative association attached to the use of Pleasure in this manner stems from Pleasure being described as something that needed to be satisfied regardless of the outcome or consequence. He believed that well-being was the result of satisfied biological and psychological needs and that humans will seek gratification regardless ofthe consequences.The nature of Pleasure as discussed in Indian literature maintains similarity and contrast with the psychoanalytic view. Prasastapada (400 A.D.) defines Pleasure as an agreeable feeling and in the nature of favor (Anugraha), gratification or satisfaction. It brings about an experience of agreeable feelings, inclines the self in its favor and produces its satisfaction .There is no Pleasure apart from self it is a quality of self, it is a subjective feeling and is affected by desirable objects. Madhusudan maintains that Pleasure and pain are the modes of the mind. Antahkanvritti: that they appear to be qualities of the selfbecause its consciousness is reflected on the metal modes: that the self is essentially self luminous consciousness and the bless and devoid of empirical cognition, Pleasure and pain.Sridhara (1895) enumerates the following conditions of the sensory feeling of Pleasure,(l) the proximity of desirable objects, (2) the intercourse of the objects with the appropriate sense organs, (3) the conjunctions of the self with the mind that is manas,(4) the perception of the desirable objects,(5) merit means dharma and(6) health of the organism that is svastha. These conditions are very significant. The sensory feeling of Pleasure is excited by external perceptible objects which are desirable. Their mere presence does not develop Pleasure. They must stimulate the sense organs and the mind the manas, and produce theperception of objects. Attention is a condition of feeling. If the mind is preoccupied with some other objects, Pleasure is not produced by desirable objects even when they are present (sridhara, 1895). Pleasure arises from the perception of desirable objects as conducive to the agent's good. The self does not feel Pleasure when the mind is inattentive. Merit or Dharma is another condition of Pleasure. …

P.j. Hayes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Pleasure Principle
    IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2004
    Co-Authors: R.r. Hoffman, P.j. Hayes
    Abstract:

    The list of "concepts that psychology really can't do without" includes such notions as neuronal connectionism, degrees of consciousness, mental representation of information, and dissociation. Of the pantheon of contributors to the history of psychology, Aristotle outranks all others in terms of the number of critical concepts he introduced, including the notion of the association of ideas, the law of frequency and the affiliated concept of memory strength, the notion of stage theories of development, the idea of distinguishing types of mental processes or faculties, the idea of scales of nature and comparisons between humans and animals, and last but not least, the Pleasure Principle. Unfortunately, computers don't always provide an unmixed increase in Pleasure. Recent evidence suggests, contrary to what we might hope or suppose, that the computerization of the modern workplace has actually led to productivity declines. The negative impacts are likely due, at least in part, to the user unfriendliness of computers.

Ulrike May - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Third Step in Drive Theory: On the genesis of Beyond the Pleasure Principle
    Psychoanalysis and History, 2015
    Co-Authors: Ulrike May
    Abstract:

    The author compares the two manuscript versions of Beyond the Pleasure Principle, composed in April/May 1919 and by August 1920 respectively, with each other and with the printed editions. In the first version the idea that all drives are urging to death is already present; however the term ‘death drive’ is not. Here, Freud attempted to take account of the clinical observation that in traumatic neurosis unpleasurable experiences are repeated and that there is a kind of compulsive repetition that is inaccessible to analysis. On the other hand he extended his perspective far into biology. Already in the first version Freud withdrew the notion that all drives urge to death, restricting this urge to self-preservative drives. The second manuscript version of BPP represents a further stage of reflection – primarily in the sixth chapter that was inserted into the older text. The author highlights that Freud now gave up the idea of the first version that self-preservative drives are urging to death and ascribed t...

  • freud s beyond the Pleasure Principle the end of psychoanalysis or its new beginning
    International Forum of Psychoanalysis, 2013
    Co-Authors: Ulrike May
    Abstract:

    AbstractTaking Freud's “Beyond the Pleasure Principle” as a case in point, the author draws attention to how Freud had a tendency to develop different theories simultaneously and to neglect to state how they were related to each other. The theory of traumatic neurosis, which he explains by both the theory of the two egos and the theory of the mental apparatus and the energies at work within it, is cited as an example. Similarly, Freud's definition of the death instinct is also not reconcilable with his previous definition of the instinctual drives. A third example is that of Eros, important parts of whose definition are at variance with Freud's previously formulated definition of the sexual drives. In none of these cases, the author argues, did Freud replace the “old” theory “with the “new” one. He simply retained the old theory and added the new one, without integrating them.

  • Freud's “Beyond the Pleasure Principle”: The end of psychoanalysis or its new beginning?
    International Forum of Psychoanalysis, 2013
    Co-Authors: Ulrike May
    Abstract:

    AbstractTaking Freud's “Beyond the Pleasure Principle” as a case in point, the author draws attention to how Freud had a tendency to develop different theories simultaneously and to neglect to state how they were related to each other. The theory of traumatic neurosis, which he explains by both the theory of the two egos and the theory of the mental apparatus and the energies at work within it, is cited as an example. Similarly, Freud's definition of the death instinct is also not reconcilable with his previous definition of the instinctual drives. A third example is that of Eros, important parts of whose definition are at variance with Freud's previously formulated definition of the sexual drives. In none of these cases, the author argues, did Freud replace the “old” theory “with the “new” one. He simply retained the old theory and added the new one, without integrating them.