The Experts below are selected from a list of 441 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gordon Southam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by filamentous cyanobacteria from a silver i nitrate complex
Langmuir, 2007Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has been successfully conducted using Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, reacted with aqueous AgNO3 solutions (∼560 mg/L Ag) at 25−100 °C for up to 28 days. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous AgNO3 promoted the precipitation of spherical silver nanoparticles and octahedral (111) silver platelets (of up to 200 nm) in solutions. The mechanisms of silver nanoparticles via cyanobacteria could involve metabolic processes from the utilization of nitrate at 25 °C and also organics released from the dead cyanobacteria at 25−100 °C.
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mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold iii chloride complex
Environmental Science & Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Bruce Ravel, Michael E Fleet, Gregory Wanger, Robert A Gordon, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by cyanobacteria (Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485) from gold(III)−chloride solutions have been studied at three gold concentrations (0.8, 1.7, and 7.6 mM) at 25 ...
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mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold iii chloride complex
Environmental Science & Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Bruce Ravel, Michael E Fleet, Gregory Wanger, Robert A Gordon, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by cyanobacteria (Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485) from gold(III)−chloride solutions have been studied at three gold concentrations (0.8, 1.7, and 7.6 mM) at 25 °C, using both fixed-time laboratory and real-time synchrotron radiation absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments. Interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous gold(III)−chloride initially promoted the precipitation of nanoparticles of amorphous gold(I)−sulfide at the cell walls, and finally deposited metallic gold in the form of octahedral (111) platelets (∼10 nm to 6 μm) near cell surfaces and in solutions. The XAS results confirm that the reduction mechanism of gold(III)−chloride to metallic gold by cyanobacteria involves the formation of an intermediate Au(I) species, gold(I)−sulfide.
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morphology of gold nanoparticles synthesized by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold i thiosulfate and gold iii chloride complexes
Langmuir, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, has been reacted with aqueous Au(S2O3)23- and AuCl4- solutions (∼400−550 mg/L Au) at 25−100 °C for up to 1 month and at 200 °C for 1 day. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous Au(S2O3)23- promoted the precipitation of cubic (100) gold nanoparticles (<10−25 nm) at membrane vesicles and admixed with gold sulfide within cells and encrusted on the cyanobacteria, whereas reaction with AuCl4- resulted in the precipitation of octahedral (111) gold platelets (∼1−10 μm) in solutions and nanoparticles of gold (<10 nm) within bacterial cells. Functional groups imaged by negative ion TOF−SIMS on (111) faces of the octahedral platelets were predominantly Cl and CN, with smaller amounts of C2H and CNO.
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morphology of gold nanoparticles synthesized by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold i thiosulfate and gold iii chloride complexes
Langmuir, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, has been reacted with aqueous Au(S(2)O(3))(2)(3)(-) and AuCl(4)(-) solutions ( approximately 400-550 mg/L Au) at 25-100 degrees C for up to 1 month and at 200 degrees C for 1 day. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous Au(S(2)O(3))(2)(3)(-) promoted the precipitation of cubic (100) gold nanoparticles (<10-25 nm) at membrane vesicles and admixed with gold sulfide within cells and encrusted on the cyanobacteria, whereas reaction with AuCl(4)(-) resulted in the precipitation of octahedral (111) gold platelets ( approximately 1-10 microm) in solutions and nanoparticles of gold (<10 nm) within bacterial cells. Functional groups imaged by negative ion TOF-SIMS on (111) faces of the octahedral platelets were predominantly Cl and CN, with smaller amounts of C(2)H and CNO.
Maggy F Lengke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by filamentous cyanobacteria from a silver i nitrate complex
Langmuir, 2007Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has been successfully conducted using Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, reacted with aqueous AgNO3 solutions (∼560 mg/L Ag) at 25−100 °C for up to 28 days. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous AgNO3 promoted the precipitation of spherical silver nanoparticles and octahedral (111) silver platelets (of up to 200 nm) in solutions. The mechanisms of silver nanoparticles via cyanobacteria could involve metabolic processes from the utilization of nitrate at 25 °C and also organics released from the dead cyanobacteria at 25−100 °C.
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mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold iii chloride complex
Environmental Science & Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Bruce Ravel, Michael E Fleet, Gregory Wanger, Robert A Gordon, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by cyanobacteria (Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485) from gold(III)−chloride solutions have been studied at three gold concentrations (0.8, 1.7, and 7.6 mM) at 25 ...
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mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold iii chloride complex
Environmental Science & Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Bruce Ravel, Michael E Fleet, Gregory Wanger, Robert A Gordon, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by cyanobacteria (Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485) from gold(III)−chloride solutions have been studied at three gold concentrations (0.8, 1.7, and 7.6 mM) at 25 °C, using both fixed-time laboratory and real-time synchrotron radiation absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments. Interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous gold(III)−chloride initially promoted the precipitation of nanoparticles of amorphous gold(I)−sulfide at the cell walls, and finally deposited metallic gold in the form of octahedral (111) platelets (∼10 nm to 6 μm) near cell surfaces and in solutions. The XAS results confirm that the reduction mechanism of gold(III)−chloride to metallic gold by cyanobacteria involves the formation of an intermediate Au(I) species, gold(I)−sulfide.
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morphology of gold nanoparticles synthesized by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold i thiosulfate and gold iii chloride complexes
Langmuir, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, has been reacted with aqueous Au(S2O3)23- and AuCl4- solutions (∼400−550 mg/L Au) at 25−100 °C for up to 1 month and at 200 °C for 1 day. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous Au(S2O3)23- promoted the precipitation of cubic (100) gold nanoparticles (<10−25 nm) at membrane vesicles and admixed with gold sulfide within cells and encrusted on the cyanobacteria, whereas reaction with AuCl4- resulted in the precipitation of octahedral (111) gold platelets (∼1−10 μm) in solutions and nanoparticles of gold (<10 nm) within bacterial cells. Functional groups imaged by negative ion TOF−SIMS on (111) faces of the octahedral platelets were predominantly Cl and CN, with smaller amounts of C2H and CNO.
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morphology of gold nanoparticles synthesized by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold i thiosulfate and gold iii chloride complexes
Langmuir, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, has been reacted with aqueous Au(S(2)O(3))(2)(3)(-) and AuCl(4)(-) solutions ( approximately 400-550 mg/L Au) at 25-100 degrees C for up to 1 month and at 200 degrees C for 1 day. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous Au(S(2)O(3))(2)(3)(-) promoted the precipitation of cubic (100) gold nanoparticles (<10-25 nm) at membrane vesicles and admixed with gold sulfide within cells and encrusted on the cyanobacteria, whereas reaction with AuCl(4)(-) resulted in the precipitation of octahedral (111) gold platelets ( approximately 1-10 microm) in solutions and nanoparticles of gold (<10 nm) within bacterial cells. Functional groups imaged by negative ion TOF-SIMS on (111) faces of the octahedral platelets were predominantly Cl and CN, with smaller amounts of C(2)H and CNO.
Michael E Fleet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by filamentous cyanobacteria from a silver i nitrate complex
Langmuir, 2007Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has been successfully conducted using Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, reacted with aqueous AgNO3 solutions (∼560 mg/L Ag) at 25−100 °C for up to 28 days. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous AgNO3 promoted the precipitation of spherical silver nanoparticles and octahedral (111) silver platelets (of up to 200 nm) in solutions. The mechanisms of silver nanoparticles via cyanobacteria could involve metabolic processes from the utilization of nitrate at 25 °C and also organics released from the dead cyanobacteria at 25−100 °C.
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mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold iii chloride complex
Environmental Science & Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Bruce Ravel, Michael E Fleet, Gregory Wanger, Robert A Gordon, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by cyanobacteria (Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485) from gold(III)−chloride solutions have been studied at three gold concentrations (0.8, 1.7, and 7.6 mM) at 25 ...
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mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold iii chloride complex
Environmental Science & Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Bruce Ravel, Michael E Fleet, Gregory Wanger, Robert A Gordon, Gordon SouthamAbstract:The mechanisms of gold bioaccumulation by cyanobacteria (Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485) from gold(III)−chloride solutions have been studied at three gold concentrations (0.8, 1.7, and 7.6 mM) at 25 °C, using both fixed-time laboratory and real-time synchrotron radiation absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments. Interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous gold(III)−chloride initially promoted the precipitation of nanoparticles of amorphous gold(I)−sulfide at the cell walls, and finally deposited metallic gold in the form of octahedral (111) platelets (∼10 nm to 6 μm) near cell surfaces and in solutions. The XAS results confirm that the reduction mechanism of gold(III)−chloride to metallic gold by cyanobacteria involves the formation of an intermediate Au(I) species, gold(I)−sulfide.
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morphology of gold nanoparticles synthesized by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold i thiosulfate and gold iii chloride complexes
Langmuir, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, has been reacted with aqueous Au(S2O3)23- and AuCl4- solutions (∼400−550 mg/L Au) at 25−100 °C for up to 1 month and at 200 °C for 1 day. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous Au(S2O3)23- promoted the precipitation of cubic (100) gold nanoparticles (<10−25 nm) at membrane vesicles and admixed with gold sulfide within cells and encrusted on the cyanobacteria, whereas reaction with AuCl4- resulted in the precipitation of octahedral (111) gold platelets (∼1−10 μm) in solutions and nanoparticles of gold (<10 nm) within bacterial cells. Functional groups imaged by negative ion TOF−SIMS on (111) faces of the octahedral platelets were predominantly Cl and CN, with smaller amounts of C2H and CNO.
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morphology of gold nanoparticles synthesized by filamentous cyanobacteria from gold i thiosulfate and gold iii chloride complexes
Langmuir, 2006Co-Authors: Maggy F Lengke, Michael E Fleet, Gordon SouthamAbstract:Plectonema boryanum UTEX 485, a filamentous cyanobacterium, has been reacted with aqueous Au(S(2)O(3))(2)(3)(-) and AuCl(4)(-) solutions ( approximately 400-550 mg/L Au) at 25-100 degrees C for up to 1 month and at 200 degrees C for 1 day. The interaction of cyanobacteria with aqueous Au(S(2)O(3))(2)(3)(-) promoted the precipitation of cubic (100) gold nanoparticles (<10-25 nm) at membrane vesicles and admixed with gold sulfide within cells and encrusted on the cyanobacteria, whereas reaction with AuCl(4)(-) resulted in the precipitation of octahedral (111) gold platelets ( approximately 1-10 microm) in solutions and nanoparticles of gold (<10 nm) within bacterial cells. Functional groups imaged by negative ion TOF-SIMS on (111) faces of the octahedral platelets were predominantly Cl and CN, with smaller amounts of C(2)H and CNO.
John F. Marko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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defect facilitated buckling in supercoiled double helix dna
Physical Review E, 2018Co-Authors: Sumitabha Brahmachari, Andrew Dittmore, Keir C. Neuman, Yasuharu Takagi, John F. MarkoAbstract:: We present a statistical-mechanical model for stretched twisted double-helix DNA, where thermal fluctuations are treated explicitly from a Hamiltonian without using any scaling hypotheses. Our model applied to defect-free supercoiled DNA describes the coexistence of multiple plectoneme domains in long DNA molecules at physiological salt concentrations (≈0.1M Na^{+}) and stretching forces (≈1pN). We find a higher (lower) number of domains at lower (higher) ionic strengths and stretching forces, in accord with experimental observations. We use our model to study the effect of an immobile point defect on the DNA contour that allows a localized kink. The degree of the kink is controlled by the defect size, such that a larger defect further reduces the bending energy of the defect-facilitated kinked end loop. We find that a defect can spatially pin a plectoneme domain via nucleation of a kinked end loop, in accord with experiments and simulations. Our model explains previously reported magnetic tweezer experiments [A. Dittmore et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 147801 (2017)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147801] showing two buckling signatures: buckling and "rebuckling" in supercoiled DNA with a base-unpaired region. Comparing with experiments, we find that under 1 pN force, a kinked end loop nucleated at a base-mismatched site reduces the bending energy by ≈0.7 k_{B}T per unpaired base. Our model predicts the coexistence of three states at the buckling and rebuckling transitions, which warrants new experiments.
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defect facilitated buckling in supercoiled double helix dna
Physical Review E, 2018Co-Authors: Sumitabha Brahmachari, Andrew Dittmore, Keir C. Neuman, Yasuharu Takagi, John F. MarkoAbstract:We present a statistical-mechanical model for stretched twisted double-helix DNA, where thermal fluctuations are treated explicitly from a Hamiltonian without using any scaling hypotheses. Our model applied to defect-free supercoiled DNA describes the coexistence of multiple plectoneme domains in long DNA molecules at physiological salt concentrations ($\ensuremath{\approx}0.1\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{M} {\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$) and stretching forces ($\ensuremath{\approx}1\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{pN})$. We find a higher (lower) number of domains at lower (higher) ionic strengths and stretching forces, in accord with experimental observations. We use our model to study the effect of an immobile point defect on the DNA contour that allows a localized kink. The degree of the kink is controlled by the defect size, such that a larger defect further reduces the bending energy of the defect-facilitated kinked end loop. We find that a defect can spatially pin a plectoneme domain via nucleation of a kinked end loop, in accord with experiments and simulations. Our model explains previously reported magnetic tweezer experiments [A. Dittmore et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 147801 (2017)] showing two buckling signatures: buckling and ``rebuckling'' in supercoiled DNA with a base-unpaired region. Comparing with experiments, we find that under 1 pN force, a kinked end loop nucleated at a base-mismatched site reduces the bending energy by $\ensuremath{\approx}0.7 {k}_{B}T$ per unpaired base. Our model predicts the coexistence of three states at the buckling and rebuckling transitions, which warrants new experiments.
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defect facilitated buckling in supercoiled double helix dna
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Sumitabha Brahmachari, Andrew Dittmore, Keir C. Neuman, Yasuharu Takagi, John F. MarkoAbstract:We present a statistical-mechanical model for stretched twisted double-helix DNA, where thermal fluctuations are treated explicitly from a Hamiltonian without using any scaling hypotheses. Our model applied to defect-free supercoiled DNA describes coexistence of multiple plectoneme domains in long DNA molecules at physiological salt concentrations (0.1 M Na + ) and stretching forces (~1 pN). We find higher (lower) number of domains at lower (higher) ionic strengths and stretching forces, in accord with experimental observations. We use our model to study the effect of an immobile point defect on the DNA contour that allows a localized kink. The degree of the kink is controlled by the defect size, such that a larger defect further reduces the bending energy of the defect-facilitated kinked end loop. We find that a defect can spatially pin a plectoneme domain via nucleation of a kinked end loop, in accord with experiments and simulations. Our model explains previously-reported magnetic tweezer experiments showing two buckling signatures: buckling and 9rebuckling9 in supercoiled DNA with a base-unpaired region. Comparing with experiments, we find that under 1 pN force, a kinked end loop nucleated at a base-mismatched site reduces the bending energy by ~ 0.7 k B T per unpaired base. Our model predicts coexistence of three states at the buckling and rebuckling transitions that warrants new experiments.
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Supercoiling DNA Locates Mismatches
Physical Review Letters, 2017Co-Authors: Andrew Dittmore, Sumitabha Brahmachari, Yasuhara Takagi, John F. Marko, Keir C. NeumanAbstract:: We present a method of detecting sequence defects by supercoiling DNA with magnetic tweezers. The method is sensitive to a single mismatched base pair in a DNA sequence of several thousand base pairs. We systematically compare DNA molecules with 0 to 16 adjacent mismatches at 1 M monovalent salt and 3.6 pN force and show that under these conditions, a single plectoneme forms and is stably pinned at the defect. We use these measurements to estimate the energy and degree of end-loop kinking at defects. From this, we calculate the relative probability of plectoneme pinning at the mismatch under physiologically relevant conditions. Based on this estimate, we propose that DNA supercoiling could contribute to mismatch and damage sensing in vivo.
Sumitabha Brahmachari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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defect facilitated buckling in supercoiled double helix dna
Physical Review E, 2018Co-Authors: Sumitabha Brahmachari, Andrew Dittmore, Keir C. Neuman, Yasuharu Takagi, John F. MarkoAbstract:: We present a statistical-mechanical model for stretched twisted double-helix DNA, where thermal fluctuations are treated explicitly from a Hamiltonian without using any scaling hypotheses. Our model applied to defect-free supercoiled DNA describes the coexistence of multiple plectoneme domains in long DNA molecules at physiological salt concentrations (≈0.1M Na^{+}) and stretching forces (≈1pN). We find a higher (lower) number of domains at lower (higher) ionic strengths and stretching forces, in accord with experimental observations. We use our model to study the effect of an immobile point defect on the DNA contour that allows a localized kink. The degree of the kink is controlled by the defect size, such that a larger defect further reduces the bending energy of the defect-facilitated kinked end loop. We find that a defect can spatially pin a plectoneme domain via nucleation of a kinked end loop, in accord with experiments and simulations. Our model explains previously reported magnetic tweezer experiments [A. Dittmore et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 147801 (2017)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147801] showing two buckling signatures: buckling and "rebuckling" in supercoiled DNA with a base-unpaired region. Comparing with experiments, we find that under 1 pN force, a kinked end loop nucleated at a base-mismatched site reduces the bending energy by ≈0.7 k_{B}T per unpaired base. Our model predicts the coexistence of three states at the buckling and rebuckling transitions, which warrants new experiments.
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defect facilitated buckling in supercoiled double helix dna
Physical Review E, 2018Co-Authors: Sumitabha Brahmachari, Andrew Dittmore, Keir C. Neuman, Yasuharu Takagi, John F. MarkoAbstract:We present a statistical-mechanical model for stretched twisted double-helix DNA, where thermal fluctuations are treated explicitly from a Hamiltonian without using any scaling hypotheses. Our model applied to defect-free supercoiled DNA describes the coexistence of multiple plectoneme domains in long DNA molecules at physiological salt concentrations ($\ensuremath{\approx}0.1\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{M} {\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$) and stretching forces ($\ensuremath{\approx}1\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{pN})$. We find a higher (lower) number of domains at lower (higher) ionic strengths and stretching forces, in accord with experimental observations. We use our model to study the effect of an immobile point defect on the DNA contour that allows a localized kink. The degree of the kink is controlled by the defect size, such that a larger defect further reduces the bending energy of the defect-facilitated kinked end loop. We find that a defect can spatially pin a plectoneme domain via nucleation of a kinked end loop, in accord with experiments and simulations. Our model explains previously reported magnetic tweezer experiments [A. Dittmore et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 147801 (2017)] showing two buckling signatures: buckling and ``rebuckling'' in supercoiled DNA with a base-unpaired region. Comparing with experiments, we find that under 1 pN force, a kinked end loop nucleated at a base-mismatched site reduces the bending energy by $\ensuremath{\approx}0.7 {k}_{B}T$ per unpaired base. Our model predicts the coexistence of three states at the buckling and rebuckling transitions, which warrants new experiments.
-
defect facilitated buckling in supercoiled double helix dna
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Sumitabha Brahmachari, Andrew Dittmore, Keir C. Neuman, Yasuharu Takagi, John F. MarkoAbstract:We present a statistical-mechanical model for stretched twisted double-helix DNA, where thermal fluctuations are treated explicitly from a Hamiltonian without using any scaling hypotheses. Our model applied to defect-free supercoiled DNA describes coexistence of multiple plectoneme domains in long DNA molecules at physiological salt concentrations (0.1 M Na + ) and stretching forces (~1 pN). We find higher (lower) number of domains at lower (higher) ionic strengths and stretching forces, in accord with experimental observations. We use our model to study the effect of an immobile point defect on the DNA contour that allows a localized kink. The degree of the kink is controlled by the defect size, such that a larger defect further reduces the bending energy of the defect-facilitated kinked end loop. We find that a defect can spatially pin a plectoneme domain via nucleation of a kinked end loop, in accord with experiments and simulations. Our model explains previously-reported magnetic tweezer experiments showing two buckling signatures: buckling and 9rebuckling9 in supercoiled DNA with a base-unpaired region. Comparing with experiments, we find that under 1 pN force, a kinked end loop nucleated at a base-mismatched site reduces the bending energy by ~ 0.7 k B T per unpaired base. Our model predicts coexistence of three states at the buckling and rebuckling transitions that warrants new experiments.
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Supercoiling DNA Locates Mismatches
Physical Review Letters, 2017Co-Authors: Andrew Dittmore, Sumitabha Brahmachari, Yasuhara Takagi, John F. Marko, Keir C. NeumanAbstract:: We present a method of detecting sequence defects by supercoiling DNA with magnetic tweezers. The method is sensitive to a single mismatched base pair in a DNA sequence of several thousand base pairs. We systematically compare DNA molecules with 0 to 16 adjacent mismatches at 1 M monovalent salt and 3.6 pN force and show that under these conditions, a single plectoneme forms and is stably pinned at the defect. We use these measurements to estimate the energy and degree of end-loop kinking at defects. From this, we calculate the relative probability of plectoneme pinning at the mismatch under physiologically relevant conditions. Based on this estimate, we propose that DNA supercoiling could contribute to mismatch and damage sensing in vivo.