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George J. Gamboa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simulated Intraspecific Usurpations in Paper Wasps: Different Reproductive Tactics Affect Foreign Brood Destruction in Polistes Fuscatus and Polistes dominulus
Ethology, 2013Co-Authors: Stacey M. Wensink, Jordan R. Hoffman, George J. GamboaAbstract:We simulated intraspecific usurpation in two species of paper wasps at a field site in Michigan to compare the species' treatment of foreign brood. Queens of Polistes Fuscatus, a species that commonly uses intraspecific usurpation as an alternative reproductive tactic, destroyed significantly fewer large larvae and significantly more small larvae than queens of P. dominulus, a sympatric species that rarely usurps. The pattern of brood destruction exhibited by P. Fuscatus was consistent with the previously published findings that P. Fuscatus usurpers destroy reproductive-destined brood (eggs and small larvae), but not worker-destined brood (large larvae and pupae) that are subsequently used by a usurper to raise her own reproductives. The pattern of brood destruction displayed by P. dominulus differed from that of Polistes species that frequently engage in intraspecific usurpation. The brood destruction pattern in P. dominulus may have been shaped by nest adoption, a common alternative reproductive tactic in this species. If so, it is not clear why P. dominulus would destroy large, worker-destined larvae.
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The Mechanism of Queen Regulation of Foraging by Workers in Paper Wasps (Polistes Fuscatus, Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Ethology, 2010Co-Authors: George J. Gamboa, Tracy L. Wacker, Julie A. Scope, Thomas J. Cornell, Janet S. Shellman-reeveAbstract:We examined how queens of the primitively eusocial wasp, Polistes Fuscatus, stimulate foraging by workers in 10 small, post-worker-emergence field colonies. We experimentally increased colony needs, including needs of the brood, by removing a colony's most active foragers (thereby decreasing the colony's foraging rate), and found that the queen significantly increased both her level of activity and rate of aggressive interactions. Most aggressive interactions were directed at dominant workers. Removal of a colony's least active foragers, however, produced no such effect. Our results, together with those of Reeve & Gamboa (1983, 1987), indicate that queens are sensitive to brood needs, and that they behaviorally regulate worker foraging to match brood needs by increasing their level of activity and rate of aggressive interactions.
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Behavioral Differences Between Two Recently Sympatric Paper Wasps, the Native Polistes Fuscatus and the Invasive Polistes Dominulus
Great Lakes Entomologist, 2003Co-Authors: Stephanie A. Silagi, George J. Gamboa, Carrie R. Klein, Melissa A. NobleAbstract:Polistes dominulus (Christ), an old world paper wasp, was introduced into the eastern United States in the 1970s and has been rapidly spreading westward. Recently, it has displaced the native Polistes Fuscatus (F.) in at least some areas of Michigan. In order to understand why P. dominulus has been so successful, several behavioral attributes were compared between P. dominulus and P. Fuscatus at a Michigan field site that contained colonies of both species nesting semi-naturally in plywood nestboxes. Preworker colonies of P. dominulus had a significantly greater tendency to store nectar (and had significantly higher proportions of cells with nectar) than preworker colonies of P. Fuscatus. This finding may explain the higher survivorship of P. dominulus foundresses reported in a previous study. P. dominulus also had a significantly greater tendency to build vertical nests and had significantly more pedicels per comb and per cell than P. Fuscatus. These findings suggest that compared to P. Fuscatus, P. dominulus may have more flexibility in the positioning of its combs and, because of a possibly stronger attachment of the comb to a substrate, may be less susceptible to bird predation. The higher winter survivorship reported for P. Fuscatus over P. dominulus in a previous study does not appear to be due to differences in the proportions of gynes stranded on their nests late in the fall. Finally, behavioral evidence from videography was consistent withprevious reports that P. dominulus is not replacing P. Fuscatus through direct agonistic interactions.
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The Effect of a Wasp's Age on Its Cuticular Hydrocarbon Profile and Its Tolerance by Nestmate and Non-Nestmate Conspecifics (Polistes Fuscatus, Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Ethology, 2001Co-Authors: Laura M. Panek, George J. Gamboa, Karl E. EspelieAbstract:The effect of a wasp's age on its cuticular hydrocarbon profile and its tolerance by nestmate and non-nestmate conspecifics was investigated in a laboratory study of newly eclosed wasps (Polistes Fuscatus) that were isolated from their comb at eclosion. In blind observations, mature females did not discriminate between young nestmates and non-nestmates that were ≤ 48 h-old. However, mature females did discriminate between young nestmates and non-nestmates that were 72 h old. Specifically, mature females were significantly more tolerant of (and significantly more likely to accept) 72 h-old nestmates than 72 h old non-nestmates. The abundance, relative abundance, and colony specificity of cuticular hydrocarbons changed significantly between 24 h-old and 72 h-old wasps. Our behavioral and chemical evidence indicates that wasps begin to develop a colony signature between 2 and 3 d of age.
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Queens of the Paper Wasp Polistes Fuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) Discriminate among Larvae on the Basis of Relatedness
Ethology, 2000Co-Authors: Laura M. Panek, George J. GamboaAbstract:The ability of queens of the paper wasp Polistes Fuscatus to recognize larvae on the basis of colony origin was investigated in the laboratory. In a blind, binary choice paradigm, queens discriminated between larvae from their own colony and unrelated larvae, and between larvae from a sister colony and unrelated larvae. However, queens failed to discriminate between larvae from their own colony and larvae from a sister colony, indicating that queens of multiple-foundress colonies may lack the ability to make intracolonial brood discriminations on the basis of relatedness. These results demonstrate that recognition of larvae is mediated by larval-borne, genetically specified odors. Gas chromatograph/mass spectral analysis revealed that adults and larvae have similar cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, suggesting that the cues mediating larval and adult recognition may be the same.
Elizabeth A. Tibbetts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wasps Use Social Eavesdropping to Learn about Individual Rivals
Current Biology, 2020Co-Authors: Elizabeth A. Tibbetts, Ellery Wong, Sarah BonelloAbstract:Summary Many animals minimize the costs of conflict by using social eavesdropping to learn about the fighting ability of potential rivals before they interact. Learning about individual conspecifics via social eavesdropping allows individuals to assess potential opponents without personal risk. However, keeping track of a network of individually differentiated social relationships is thought to be cognitively challenging. Here, we test how Polistes Fuscatus nest-founding queens use social eavesdropping to assess individual rivals. Bystanders watched conspecifics fight through a clear partition. Then, bystanders were allowed to interact with fighters. Bystander behavior toward fighters was strongly influenced by the observed fight; bystanders were less aggressive toward fighters that were seen to initiate more and receive less aggression. Control trials allow us to reject alternative explanations for the link between observed aggression and bystander behavior, including priming or winner/loser effects. Therefore, P. Fuscatus wasps observe and remember a complex network of social interactions between individual conspecifics rather than only paying attention to individuals they interact with directly. Wasps have an impressive capacity to learn, remember, and make social deductions about individuals. These results indicate that insects can have surprisingly complex social lives involving a network of individually differentiated social relationships.
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Social isolation prevents the development of individual face recognition in paper wasps
Animal Behaviour, 2019Co-Authors: Elizabeth A. Tibbetts, Erica Desjardins, Nora Kou, Laurel WellmanAbstract:Much work has shown that social isolation has lasting negative effects on adult social interactions, but less is known about precisely how and why isolation alters social behaviour. One way isolation may alter social behaviour is by interfering with the development of effective communication. Here, we test how social isolation influences individual recognition, a key aspect of social communication in Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps. Polistes Fuscatus reared in a typical social environment learn and remember the unique faces of conspecifics during social interactions. Typical P. Fuscatus use individual face recognition to minimize conflict and stabilize social interactions. As wasps are adept face learners, they also readily learn to discriminate between wasp face images during training. Here, we show that social isolation had dramatic effects on recognition. We isolated wasps for 6 days after eclosion from pupation, then tested them for face recognition in social and nonsocial contexts. Isolated wasps did not learn and remember other individuals during social interactions. Furthermore, isolated wasps did not learn to discriminate between wasp face images during training. Therefore, social experience with conspecifics is essential for the development of individual recognition and face learning in paper wasps. Many aspects of wasp behaviour develop rapidly with little experience required. However, complex social interactions like individual recognition require social experience with conspecifics.
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Developmental plasticity and the origin of novel communication systems: Individual recognition in Polistes wasps.
Evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Elizabeth A. Tibbetts, Sohini Pandit, Daniel T. NondorfAbstract:Although developmental plasticity facilitates the evolutionary origin of many traits, the role of plasticity in the origin of novel communication systems has received little attention. If plasticity mediates the origin of new communication systems, exposure to a novel environment will induce new traits that could function as signals or receiver responses. Here, we test whether plasticity facilitates the origin of individual recognition. We reared a species of paper wasp that naturally lacks individual recognition (Polistes metricus) with a relative that has facial patterns that signal individual identity (Polistes Fuscatus). We found P. metricus reared with individual identity signals learned unique wasp faces significantly more accurately than P. metricus reared without individual identity signals. However, exposure to individual identity signals was not sufficient to induce individual recognition in social contexts. These results suggest that if variable facial patterns arose in P. metricus, wasps would immediately improve their ability learn variable facial patterns, thereby facilitating the origin of individual face recognition. Improved learning is an initial step toward individual recognition that would need to be refined by selection to produce an established signaling system. Developmental plasticity may be an underappreciated factor facilitating the evolutionary origin of novel recognition systems.
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intraspecific variation in learning worker wasps are less able to learn and remember individual conspecific faces than queen wasps
The American Naturalist, 2018Co-Authors: Elizabeth A. Tibbetts, Allison Injaian, Michael J. Sheehan, Nicole DesjardinsAbstract:AbstractResearch on individual recognition often focuses on species-typical recognition abilities rather than assessing intraspecific variation in recognition. As individual recognition is cognitively costly, the capacity for recognition may vary within species. We test how individual face recognition differs between nest-founding queens (foundresses) and workers in Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps. Individual recognition mediates dominance interactions among foundresses. Three previously published experiments have shown that foundresses (1) benefit by advertising their identity with distinctive facial patterns that facilitate recognition, (2) have robust memories of individuals, and (3) rapidly learn to distinguish between face images. Like foundresses, workers have variable facial patterns and are capable of individual recognition. However, worker dominance interactions are muted. Therefore, individual recognition may be less important for workers than for foundresses. We find that (1) workers with unique ...
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Sex differences in face but not colour learning in Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps
Animal Behaviour, 2018Co-Authors: Nicole Desjardins, Elizabeth A. TibbettsAbstract:When males and females have distinct behaviour, learning may vary between the sexes. Polistes Fuscatus wasps provide an interesting model to study sex differences in learning because males and females have different social behaviour. Female wasps have highly variable facial patterns used for individual face recognition, live in cooperative groups where interactions depend on individual face recognition and excel at learning female faces. In contrast, male wasps lack the type of variable facial patterns necessary for individual face recognition and do not participate in the type of social interactions known to favour individual recognition in females. Instead, males leave the nest soon after adulthood and devote their energy to mating. Given the behavioural differences between males and females, females may be more adept at learning wasp faces than males. Here, we train male and female P. Fuscatus to discriminate between pairs of female P. Fuscatus face images and pairs of colours. Females learned to discriminate between pairs of face images more accurately than males. However, males and females were equally adept at colour learning, indicating that there are no generalized sex differences in learning. The sex differences in face, but not colour, learning are consistent with the adaptive specialization hypothesis, which posits that cognitive abilities are selected to solve particular social or ecological problems. Overall, general learning capacity is similar across male and female wasps, but face learning is shaped by sex-specific recognition behaviour.
Robert L. Jeanne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Behavioural Data Collection from Maternal and nourishment factors interact to influence offspring developmental trajectories in social wasps
2017Co-Authors: Jennifer M. Jandt, Robert L. Jeanne, Sainath Suryanarayanan, John C. Hermanson, Amy L. TothAbstract:The social and nutritional environments during early development have the potential to affect offspring traits, but the mechanisms and molecular underpinnings of these effects remain elusive. We used Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps to dissect how maternally controlled factors (vibrational signals and nourishment) interact to induce different caste developmental trajectories in female offspring, leading to worker or reproductive (gyne) traits. We established a set of caste phenotype biomarkers in P. Fuscatus females, finding that gyne-destined individuals had high expression of three caste-related genes hypothesized to have roles in diapause and mitochondrial metabolism. We then experimentally manipulated maternal vibrational signals (via artificial ‘antennal drumming’) and nourishment levels (via restricted foraging). We found that these caste-related biomarker genes were responsive to drumming, nourishment level or their interaction. Our results provide a striking example of the potent influence of maternal and nutritional effects in influencing transcriptional activity and developmental outcomes in offspring
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Lipid Quantification Methods and Technical Replicates from Maternal and nourishment factors interact to influence offspring developmental trajectories in social wasps
2017Co-Authors: Jennifer M. Jandt, Robert L. Jeanne, Sainath Suryanarayanan, John C. Hermanson, Amy L. TothAbstract:The social and nutritional environments during early development have the potential to affect offspring traits, but the mechanisms and molecular underpinnings of these effects remain elusive. We used Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps to dissect how maternally controlled factors (vibrational signals and nourishment) interact to induce different caste developmental trajectories in female offspring, leading to worker or reproductive (gyne) traits. We established a set of caste phenotype biomarkers in P. Fuscatus females, finding that gyne-destined individuals had high expression of three caste-related genes hypothesized to have roles in diapause and mitochondrial metabolism. We then experimentally manipulated maternal vibrational signals (via artificial ‘antennal drumming’) and nourishment levels (via restricted foraging). We found that these caste-related biomarker genes were responsive to drumming, nourishment level or their interaction. Our results provide a striking example of the potent influence of maternal and nutritional effects in influencing transcriptional activity and developmental outcomes in offspring
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qRT-PCR Methods, Primers, and Control Genes from Maternal and nourishment factors interact to influence offspring developmental trajectories in social wasps
2017Co-Authors: Jennifer M. Jandt, Robert L. Jeanne, Sainath Suryanarayanan, John C. Hermanson, Amy L. TothAbstract:The social and nutritional environments during early development have the potential to affect offspring traits, but the mechanisms and molecular underpinnings of these effects remain elusive. We used Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps to dissect how maternally controlled factors (vibrational signals and nourishment) interact to induce different caste developmental trajectories in female offspring, leading to worker or reproductive (gyne) traits. We established a set of caste phenotype biomarkers in P. Fuscatus females, finding that gyne-destined individuals had high expression of three caste-related genes hypothesized to have roles in diapause and mitochondrial metabolism. We then experimentally manipulated maternal vibrational signals (via artificial ‘antennal drumming’) and nourishment levels (via restricted foraging). We found that these caste-related biomarker genes were responsive to drumming, nourishment level or their interaction. Our results provide a striking example of the potent influence of maternal and nutritional effects in influencing transcriptional activity and developmental outcomes in offspring
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Nest Collection, Field Site Set-up, and Colony Samples from Maternal and nourishment factors interact to influence offspring developmental trajectories in social wasps
2017Co-Authors: Jennifer M. Jandt, Robert L. Jeanne, Sainath Suryanarayanan, John C. Hermanson, Amy L. TothAbstract:The social and nutritional environments during early development have the potential to affect offspring traits, but the mechanisms and molecular underpinnings of these effects remain elusive. We used Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps to dissect how maternally controlled factors (vibrational signals and nourishment) interact to induce different caste developmental trajectories in female offspring, leading to worker or reproductive (gyne) traits. We established a set of caste phenotype biomarkers in P. Fuscatus females, finding that gyne-destined individuals had high expression of three caste-related genes hypothesized to have roles in diapause and mitochondrial metabolism. We then experimentally manipulated maternal vibrational signals (via artificial ‘antennal drumming’) and nourishment levels (via restricted foraging). We found that these caste-related biomarker genes were responsive to drumming, nourishment level or their interaction. Our results provide a striking example of the potent influence of maternal and nutritional effects in influencing transcriptional activity and developmental outcomes in offspring
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A mechanical signal biases caste development in a social wasp
Current Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Sainath Suryanarayanan, John C. Hermanson, Robert L. JeanneAbstract:Understanding the proximate mechanisms of caste development in eusocial taxa can reveal how social species evolved from solitary ancestors. In Polistes wasps, the current paradigm holds that differential amounts of nutrition during the larval stage cause the divergence of worker and gyne (potential queen) castes. But nutrition level alone cannot explain how the first few females to be produced in a colony develop rapidly yet have small body sizes and worker phenotypes. Here, we provide evidence that a mechanical signal biases caste toward a worker phenotype. In Polistes Fuscatus, the signal takes the form of antennal drumming (AD), wherein a female trills her antennae synchronously on the rims of nest cells while feeding prey-liquid to larvae. The frequency of AD occurrence is high early in the colony cycle, when larvae destined to become workers are being reared, and low late in the cycle, when gynes are being reared. Subjecting gyne-destined brood to simulated AD-frequency vibrations caused them to emerge as adults with reduced fat stores, a worker trait. This suggests that AD influences the larval developmental trajectory by inhibiting a physiological element that is necessary to trigger diapause, a gyne trait.
Michael J. Sheehan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hormonal modulation of reproduction in Polistes Fuscatus social wasps: Dual functions in both ovary development and sexual receptivity
Journal of Insect Physiology, 2020Co-Authors: Alexander Walton, Amy L. Toth, James P. Tumulty, Michael J. SheehanAbstract:Hormones are often major regulators of complex behaviors, such as mating and reproduction. In insects, juvenile hormone (JH) is integral to many components of reproductive physiology and behavior, but its role in female sexual receptivity is not well understood. To investigate the influence of JH on receptivity, we utilized the social wasp Polistes Fuscatus. In Polistes, mating behavior is temporally separated from other components of reproduction, which allows for examination of the physiology and behavior of mating, disentangled from fertilization and egg-laying. We reared virgin gynes (reproductive females) in the lab and divided them into four groups, in which gynes received multiple topical treatments of either 20 μg, 10 μg, 5 μg, or 0 μg of the JH analog methoprene. Gynes were then placed in petri dishes with 2 unrelated males and we recorded attempted and successful mating. Additionally, we measured gyne ovarian development and survival in each group. We found that methoprene increased both sexual receptivity and ovarian development, but was associated with a decrease in long-term survival. Receptivity increased linearly as methoprene treatment increased, but the effect of methoprene on ovarian development was independent of dose. These results demonstrate the importance of JH in sexual receptivity and mating behavior. We argue that the relatively understudied Polistes gyne has potential as a model for mating and reproduction, and for the internal and external regulation of this complex behavior.
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Strong, but incomplete, mate choice discrimination between two closely related species of paper wasp.
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2018Co-Authors: Sara E. Miller, Andrew W. Legan, Zoe A Flores, Michael J. SheehanAbstract:Paper wasps (genus Polistes) are one of the most species-rich genera of social insect. Prior studies have found that male coloration, male colour pattern, territory choice and female caste are potential drivers of intraspecific mate choice in paper wasps. However, there has been no formal assessment of interspecific mate choice in this group; therefore, the mechanism driving diversification in paper wasps remains an open question. In this study, we measured interspecific and intraspecific mating behaviour between two closely related species of paper wasps, Polistes Fuscatus and Polistes metricus. These two species have ample opportunity to interbreed because P. Fuscatus and P. metricus forage, nest and mate in the same habitats. We tested the strength of reproductive isolation between these species using no-choice and choice mating trials. Our results show strong, symmetric, prezygotic isolation between P. Fuscatus and P. metricus. Males discriminated between conspecifics and heterospecifics but attempted to mate with females of the other species in ~10% of heterospecific mating trials. Female wasps were more discriminating than males and probably evaluated species identity and male quality through visual or olfactory cues. We additionally report sexual dimorphism in P. metricus body size.
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Evolutionary dynamics of recent selection for enhanced social cognition
2018Co-Authors: Sara E. Miller, Andrew W. Legan, Michael T. Henshaw, Katherine L. Ostevik, Kieran Samuk, H. Kern Reeve, Michael J. SheehanAbstract:Abstract Cognitive abilities can vary dramatically among species though little is known about the dynamics of cognitive evolution. Here we demonstrate that recent evolution of visual individual recognition in the paper wasp Polistes Fuscatus is the target of arguably the strongest positive selective pressure in the species’ recent history. The most extreme selective sweeps in P. Fuscatus are associated with genes known to be involved in long-term memory formation, mushroom body development and visual processing – all traits that have recently evolved in association with individual recognition. Cognitive evolution appears to have been driven initially by selection on standing variation in perceptual traits followed by both hard and soft sweeps on learning and memory. Evolutionary modeling reveals that intense selection as observed in P. Fuscatus is likely the norm during the early stages of cognitive evolution. These data provide insight into the dynamics of cognition evolution demonstrating that social selection for increased intelligence can lead to rapid multi-genic adaptation of enhanced recognition abilities.
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intraspecific variation in learning worker wasps are less able to learn and remember individual conspecific faces than queen wasps
The American Naturalist, 2018Co-Authors: Elizabeth A. Tibbetts, Allison Injaian, Michael J. Sheehan, Nicole DesjardinsAbstract:AbstractResearch on individual recognition often focuses on species-typical recognition abilities rather than assessing intraspecific variation in recognition. As individual recognition is cognitively costly, the capacity for recognition may vary within species. We test how individual face recognition differs between nest-founding queens (foundresses) and workers in Polistes Fuscatus paper wasps. Individual recognition mediates dominance interactions among foundresses. Three previously published experiments have shown that foundresses (1) benefit by advertising their identity with distinctive facial patterns that facilitate recognition, (2) have robust memories of individuals, and (3) rapidly learn to distinguish between face images. Like foundresses, workers have variable facial patterns and are capable of individual recognition. However, worker dominance interactions are muted. Therefore, individual recognition may be less important for workers than for foundresses. We find that (1) workers with unique ...
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Heritable variation in colour patterns mediating individual recognition.
Royal Society Open Science, 2017Co-Authors: Michael J. Sheehan, Juanita Choo, Elizabeth A. TibbettsAbstract:Understanding the developmental and evolutionary processes that generate and maintain variation in natural populations remains a major challenge for modern biology. Populations of Polistes Fuscatus...
Timothy M Judd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Division of labour in colony defence against vertebrate predators by the social wasp Polistes Fuscatus.
Animal Behaviour, 2000Co-Authors: Timothy M JuddAbstract:In this study I examined how the paper wasp, Polistes Fuscatus, defends a colony when faced with a vertebrate attack. I looked for a division of labour in defensive behaviour within a colony and examined whether this behaviour changes over the colony cycle. The colonies were presented with a model of an adult red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus, and a speaker that vibrated the comb. There was a pronounced division of labour in the defence against vertebrate predators within a colony. The queen was consistently the most aggressive individual in the colony. The subordinate foundresses and workers both became more aggressive towards a vertebrate predator as they aged. Gynes and males did not participate in colony defence. The level of aggression in colony members of P. Fuscatus appears to be related to the reproductive investment of the colony. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
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defensive behavior of colonies of the paper wasp Polistes Fuscatus against vertebrate predators over the colony cycle
Insectes Sociaux, 1998Co-Authors: Timothy M JuddAbstract:A major threat to eusocial colonies is predation (Starr, 1990) since these colonies place their entire reproductive investment into a single nest (Hansell, 1996). The vertebrate predator is probably the most destructive type of predator in that it can remove the entire nest and thereby destroy all of the investment made by the colony.¶ In this study I considered how the paper wasp, Polistes Fuscatus, changes its defensive behavior over the colony cycle. The colonies were presented with a model of an adult Red-winged Blackbird and a speaker that vibrated the comb. The simulated attack was designed to give each colony the same experience. ¶The colonies of Polistes Fuscatus became more aggressive over the colony cycle. After the emergence of the gynes, the colony showed no aggression towards a vertebrate predator. The aggression levels of the colony were positively correlated with the number of reproductive-destined brood (but not worker-destined brood) in the nest. This suggests that the brood representing direct reproductive investment (reproductive brood) affects the level of defense in the colony and not the indirect reproductive investment (worker brood).