The Experts below are selected from a list of 42 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
E C Abdullah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cfd simulation of fluidized bed reactors for Polyolefin Production a review
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Mohammad Jakir Hossain Khan, Mohamed Azlan Hussain, Zahra Mansourpour, Navid Mostoufi, Nayef Ghasem, E C AbdullahAbstract:Abstract This literature survey focuses on the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in various aspects of the fluidized bed reactor. Although fluidized bed reactors are used in various industrial applications, this first-of-its-kind review highlights the use of CFD on Polyolefin Production. It is shown that CFD has been utilized for the following mechanisms of polymerization: governing of bubble formation, electrostatic charge effect, gas–solid flow behavior, particle distribution, solid–gas circulation pattern, bed expansion consequence, mixing and segregation, agglomeration and shear forces. Heat and mass transfer in the reactor modeling using CFD principles has also been taken under consideration. A number of softwares are available to interpret the data of the CFD simulation but only few softwares possess the analytical capability to interpret the complex flow behavior of fluidization. In this review, the popular softwares with their framework and application have been discussed. The advantages and feasibility of applying CFD to olefin polymerization in fluidized beds were deliberated and the prospect of future CFD applications was also discussed.
Susan T L Harrison - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental analysis of plastic Production processes comparing petroleum based polypropylene and polyethylene with biologically based poly β hydroxybutyric acid using life cycle analysis
Journal of Biotechnology, 2007Co-Authors: Kevin G Harding, J S Dennis, H Von Blottnitz, Susan T L HarrisonAbstract:Polymers based on olefins have wide commercial applicability. However, they are made from non-renewable resources and are characterised by difficulty in disposal where recycle and re-use is not feasible. Poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) provides one example of a polymer made from renewable resources. Before motivating its widespread use, the advantages of a renewable polymer must be weighed against the environmental aspects of its Production. Previous studies relating the environmental impacts of petroleum-based and bio-plastics have centred on the impact categories of global warming and fossil fuel depletion. Cradle-to-grave studies report equivalent or reduced global warming impacts, in comparison to equivalent Polyolefin processes. This stems from a perceived CO(2) neutral status of the renewable resource. Indeed, no previous work has reported the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) giving the environmental impacts in all major categories. This study investigates a cradle-to-gate LCA of PHB Production taking into account net CO(2) generation and all major impact categories. It compares the findings with similar studies of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). It is found that, in all of the life cycle categories, PHB is superior to PP. Energy requirements are slightly lower than previously observed and significantly lower than those for Polyolefin Production. PE impacts are lower than PHB values in acidification and eutrophication.
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environmental analysis of plastic Production processes comparing petroleum based polypropylene and polyethylene with biologically based poly β hydroxybutyric acid using life cycle analysis
Journal of Biotechnology, 2007Co-Authors: Kevin G Harding, J S Dennis, H Von Blottnitz, Susan T L HarrisonAbstract:Abstract Polymers based on olefins have wide commercial applicability. However, they are made from non-renewable resources and are characterised by difficulty in disposal where recycle and re-use is not feasible. Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) provides one example of a polymer made from renewable resources. Before motivating its widespread use, the advantages of a renewable polymer must be weighed against the environmental aspects of its Production. Previous studies relating the environmental impacts of petroleum-based and bio-plastics have centred on the impact categories of global warming and fossil fuel depletion. Cradle-to-grave studies report equivalent or reduced global warming impacts, in comparison to equivalent Polyolefin processes. This stems from a perceived CO 2 neutral status of the renewable resource. Indeed, no previous work has reported the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) giving the environmental impacts in all major categories. This study investigates a cradle-to-gate LCA of PHB Production taking into account net CO 2 generation and all major impact categories. It compares the findings with similar studies of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). It is found that, in all of the life cycle categories, PHB is superior to PP. Energy requirements are slightly lower than previously observed and significantly lower than those for Polyolefin Production. PE impacts are lower than PHB values in acidification and eutrophication.
N Niels G Deen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of superficial gas velocity on the solid temperature distribution in gas fluidized beds with heat Production
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2017Co-Authors: M Mohammad Banaei, Jeroen Jegers, Martin Van Sint Annaland, J.a.m. Kuipers, N Niels G DeenAbstract:The hydrodynamics and heat transfer of cylindrical gas–solid fluidized beds for Polyolefin Production was investigated with the two-fluid model (TFM) based on the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF). It was found that the fluidized bed becomes more isothermal with increasing superficial gas velocity. This is mainly due to the increase of solids circulation and improvement in gas solid contact. It was also found that the average Nusselt number weakly depends on the gas velocity. The TFM results were qualitatively compared with simulation results of computational fluid dynamics combined with the discrete element model (CFD-DEM). The TFM results were in very good agreement with the CFD-DEM outcomes, so the TFM can be a reliable source for further investigations of fluidized beds especially large lab-scale reactors
Mohammad Jakir Hossain Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cfd simulation of fluidized bed reactors for Polyolefin Production a review
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Mohammad Jakir Hossain Khan, Mohamed Azlan Hussain, Zahra Mansourpour, Navid Mostoufi, Nayef Ghasem, E C AbdullahAbstract:Abstract This literature survey focuses on the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in various aspects of the fluidized bed reactor. Although fluidized bed reactors are used in various industrial applications, this first-of-its-kind review highlights the use of CFD on Polyolefin Production. It is shown that CFD has been utilized for the following mechanisms of polymerization: governing of bubble formation, electrostatic charge effect, gas–solid flow behavior, particle distribution, solid–gas circulation pattern, bed expansion consequence, mixing and segregation, agglomeration and shear forces. Heat and mass transfer in the reactor modeling using CFD principles has also been taken under consideration. A number of softwares are available to interpret the data of the CFD simulation but only few softwares possess the analytical capability to interpret the complex flow behavior of fluidization. In this review, the popular softwares with their framework and application have been discussed. The advantages and feasibility of applying CFD to olefin polymerization in fluidized beds were deliberated and the prospect of future CFD applications was also discussed.
Kevin G Harding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental analysis of plastic Production processes comparing petroleum based polypropylene and polyethylene with biologically based poly β hydroxybutyric acid using life cycle analysis
Journal of Biotechnology, 2007Co-Authors: Kevin G Harding, J S Dennis, H Von Blottnitz, Susan T L HarrisonAbstract:Polymers based on olefins have wide commercial applicability. However, they are made from non-renewable resources and are characterised by difficulty in disposal where recycle and re-use is not feasible. Poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) provides one example of a polymer made from renewable resources. Before motivating its widespread use, the advantages of a renewable polymer must be weighed against the environmental aspects of its Production. Previous studies relating the environmental impacts of petroleum-based and bio-plastics have centred on the impact categories of global warming and fossil fuel depletion. Cradle-to-grave studies report equivalent or reduced global warming impacts, in comparison to equivalent Polyolefin processes. This stems from a perceived CO(2) neutral status of the renewable resource. Indeed, no previous work has reported the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) giving the environmental impacts in all major categories. This study investigates a cradle-to-gate LCA of PHB Production taking into account net CO(2) generation and all major impact categories. It compares the findings with similar studies of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). It is found that, in all of the life cycle categories, PHB is superior to PP. Energy requirements are slightly lower than previously observed and significantly lower than those for Polyolefin Production. PE impacts are lower than PHB values in acidification and eutrophication.
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environmental analysis of plastic Production processes comparing petroleum based polypropylene and polyethylene with biologically based poly β hydroxybutyric acid using life cycle analysis
Journal of Biotechnology, 2007Co-Authors: Kevin G Harding, J S Dennis, H Von Blottnitz, Susan T L HarrisonAbstract:Abstract Polymers based on olefins have wide commercial applicability. However, they are made from non-renewable resources and are characterised by difficulty in disposal where recycle and re-use is not feasible. Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) provides one example of a polymer made from renewable resources. Before motivating its widespread use, the advantages of a renewable polymer must be weighed against the environmental aspects of its Production. Previous studies relating the environmental impacts of petroleum-based and bio-plastics have centred on the impact categories of global warming and fossil fuel depletion. Cradle-to-grave studies report equivalent or reduced global warming impacts, in comparison to equivalent Polyolefin processes. This stems from a perceived CO 2 neutral status of the renewable resource. Indeed, no previous work has reported the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) giving the environmental impacts in all major categories. This study investigates a cradle-to-gate LCA of PHB Production taking into account net CO 2 generation and all major impact categories. It compares the findings with similar studies of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). It is found that, in all of the life cycle categories, PHB is superior to PP. Energy requirements are slightly lower than previously observed and significantly lower than those for Polyolefin Production. PE impacts are lower than PHB values in acidification and eutrophication.