The Experts below are selected from a list of 5031 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tung Gia Phan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection of a novel Circovirus pcv3 in pigs with cardiac and multi systemic inflammation
Virology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Stephanie Rossow, Douglas Marthaler, Tung Gia Phan, Federico Giannitti, Todd P Knutson, Linlin Li, Xutao Deng, Talita P ResendeAbstract:Porcine Circovirus 2 causes different clinical syndromes resulting in a significant economic loss in the pork industry. Three pigs with unexplained cardiac and multi-organ inflammation that tested negative for PCV2 and other known Porcine pathogens were further analyzed. Histology was used to identify microscopic lesions in multiple tissues. Metagenomics was used to detect viral sequences in tissue homogenates. In situ hybridization was used to detect viral RNA expression in cardiac tissue. In all three cases we characterized the genome of a new Circovirus we called PCV3 with a replicase and capsid proteins showing 55 and 35 % identities to the genetically-closest proteins from a bat-feces associated Circovirus and were even more distant to those of Porcine Circovirus 1 and 2. Common microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis and/or cardiac arteriolitis. Viral mRNA was detected intralesionally in cardiac cells. Deep sequencing in tissues also revealed the presence of Porcine astrovirus 4 in all three animals as well as rotavirus A, Porcine cytomegalovirus and Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in individual cases. The pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of this new Circovirus, alone or in the context of co-infections, warrants further investigations.
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Detection of a novel Circovirus PCV3 in pigs with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation
Virology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Tung Gia Phan, Stephanie Rossow, Douglas Marthaler, Federico Giannitti, Todd P Knutson, Xutao Deng, Talita Resende, Fabio Vannucci, Eric DelwartAbstract:Background Porcine Circovirus 2 causes different clinical syndromes resulting in a significant economic loss in the pork industry. Three pigs with unexplained cardiac and multi-organ inflammation that tested negative for PCV2 and other known Porcine pathogens were further analyzed. Methods Histology was used to identify microscopic lesions in multiple tissues. Metagenomics was used to detect viral sequences in tissue homogenates. In situ hybridization was used to detect viral RNA expression in cardiac tissue. Results In all three cases we characterized the genome of a new Circovirus we called PCV3 with a replicase and capsid proteins showing 55 and 35 % identities to the genetically-closest proteins from a bat-feces associated Circovirus and were even more distant to those of Porcine Circovirus 1 and 2. Common microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis and/or cardiac arteriolitis. Viral mRNA was detected intralesionally in cardiac cells. Deep sequencing in tissues also revealed the presence of Porcine astrovirus 4 in all three animals as well as rotavirus A, Porcine cytomegalovirus and Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in individual cases. Conclusion The pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of this new Circovirus, alone or in the context of co-infections, warrants further investigations.
Eric Delwart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Detection of a novel Circovirus PCV3 in pigs with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation
Virology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Tung Gia Phan, Stephanie Rossow, Douglas Marthaler, Federico Giannitti, Todd P Knutson, Xutao Deng, Talita Resende, Fabio Vannucci, Eric DelwartAbstract:Background Porcine Circovirus 2 causes different clinical syndromes resulting in a significant economic loss in the pork industry. Three pigs with unexplained cardiac and multi-organ inflammation that tested negative for PCV2 and other known Porcine pathogens were further analyzed. Methods Histology was used to identify microscopic lesions in multiple tissues. Metagenomics was used to detect viral sequences in tissue homogenates. In situ hybridization was used to detect viral RNA expression in cardiac tissue. Results In all three cases we characterized the genome of a new Circovirus we called PCV3 with a replicase and capsid proteins showing 55 and 35 % identities to the genetically-closest proteins from a bat-feces associated Circovirus and were even more distant to those of Porcine Circovirus 1 and 2. Common microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis and/or cardiac arteriolitis. Viral mRNA was detected intralesionally in cardiac cells. Deep sequencing in tissues also revealed the presence of Porcine astrovirus 4 in all three animals as well as rotavirus A, Porcine cytomegalovirus and Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in individual cases. Conclusion The pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of this new Circovirus, alone or in the context of co-infections, warrants further investigations.
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viral nucleic acids in live attenuated vaccines detection of minority variants and an adventitious virus
Journal of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: Joseph Victoria, Chunlin Wang, Morris S Jones, Crystal Jaing, Kevin Mcloughlin, Shea N Gardner, Eric DelwartAbstract:Received 22 December 2009/Accepted 25 March 2010 Metagenomics and a panmicrobial microarray were used to examine eight live-attenuated viral vaccines. Viral nucleic acids in trivalent oral poliovirus (OPV), rubella, measles, yellow fever, varicella-zoster, multivalent measles/mumps/rubella, and two rotavirus live vaccines were partially purified, randomly amplified, and pyrosequenced. Over half a million sequence reads were generated covering from 20 to 99% of the attenuated viral genomes at depths reaching up to 8,000 reads per nucleotides. Mutations and minority variants, relative to vaccine strains, not known to affect attenuation were detected in OPV, mumps virus, and varicella-zoster virus. The anticipated detection of endogenous retroviral sequences from the producer avian and primate cells was confirmed. Avian leukosis virus (ALV), previously shown to be noninfectious for humans, was present as RNA in viral particles, while simian retrovirus (SRV) was present as genetically defective DNA. Rotarix, an orally administered rotavirus vaccine, contained Porcine Circovirus-1 (PCV1), a highly prevalent nonpathogenic pig virus, which has not been shown to be infectious in humans. Hybridization of vaccine nucleic acids to a panmicrobial microarray confirmed the presence of endogenous retroviral and PCV1 nucleic acids. Deep sequencing and microarrays can therefore detect attenuated virus sequence changes, minority variants, and adventitious viruses and help maintain the current safety record of live-attenuated viral vaccines.
Chanhee Chae - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Simultaneous detection and differentiation between Porcine Circovirus and Porcine parvovirus in boar semen by multiplex seminested polymerase chain reaction.
The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2003Co-Authors: Junghyun Kim, Dong Un Han, Changsun Choi, Chanhee ChaeAbstract:A multiplex seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the simultaneous detection and differentiation among Porcine Circovirus 1 (PCV1), PCV2, and Porcine parvovirus (PPV) from boar semen. Primers of PCV1, PCV2 and PPV were specific and did not react with other viruses respectively. Twenty (20.4%) and 42 (42.9%) out of 98 whole semen samples were found to be positive for PCV and PPV using multiplex conventional and seminested PCR, respectively. When the separated fractions of PCV or PPV-contaminated semen were analyzed using multiplex seminested PCR, PCV and PPV DNA were found to be present mainly in the seminal fluid and nonsperm cell fractions. This multiplex seminested PCR assay was sensitive, rapid and a good alternative method for the detection and differentiation of these viruses in boar semen.
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Multiplex nested PCR compared with in situ hybridization for the differentiation of Porcine Circoviruses and Porcine parvovirus from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire, 2003Co-Authors: Junghyun Kim, Chanhee ChaeAbstract:Multiplex nested polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) were developed for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of genomic material of Porcine Circovirus 1 (PCV1), Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2), and Porcine parvovirus (PPV) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Multiplex conventional and nested PCR and in situ hybridization were compared for their ability to detect the 3 viruses in such tissues. Xylene deparaffinization followed by proteinase K digestion yielded DNA of sufficient quality for reliable and consistent PCR analyses. The DNA from PCV1, PCV2, and PPV was detected by both multiplex nested PCR and in situ hybridization in lymph-node tissue from 12 pigs experimentally co-infected with the 3 viruses, as well as in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymph-node tissue from 30 pigs with naturally occurring postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome; the agreement rates for the 2 methods were 100% in both groups of pigs. Thus, multiplex nested PCR could be applied successfully to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues for simultaneous detection of these 3 Porcine viruses.
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differentiation of Porcine Circovirus 1 and 2 in formalin fixed paraffin wax embedded tissues from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by in situ hybridisation
Research in Veterinary Science, 2001Co-Authors: Jae Hun Kim, Chanhee ChaeAbstract:Non-radioactive digoxigenin (DIG)-labelled probes that can differentiate Porcine Circovirus (PCV) 1 from PCV2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-wax-embedded tissues by in-situ hybridisation were developed. A 349 base pair (bp) DNA fragment from open reading frame (ORF) 1 of PCV1 and a 481 bp DNA fragment from ORF2 of PCV2 generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used as PCV1 and PCV2 probes, respectively. A specific DIG-labelled PCV1 DNA probe did not hybridise with PCV2-infected PK-15 cells and vice versa. From the 40 field cases with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome tested by in-situ hybridisation, 30 (75 per cent) cases were PCV2-positive only and 10 (25 per cent) cases were positive for both PCV1 and PCV2. PCV1 and PCV2 DNAS were detected mainly in the macrophages of lymph nodes and spleens. Positive cells typically exhibited a dark brown to black reaction product mainly in the cytoplasm but also occasionally in the nucleus. In-situ hybridisation together with the differential probes developed in the present study represent an additional tool capable of differentiating of both types of PCV in formalin-fixed, paraffin-wax-embedded tissues.
Talita P Resende - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection of a novel Circovirus pcv3 in pigs with cardiac and multi systemic inflammation
Virology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Stephanie Rossow, Douglas Marthaler, Tung Gia Phan, Federico Giannitti, Todd P Knutson, Linlin Li, Xutao Deng, Talita P ResendeAbstract:Porcine Circovirus 2 causes different clinical syndromes resulting in a significant economic loss in the pork industry. Three pigs with unexplained cardiac and multi-organ inflammation that tested negative for PCV2 and other known Porcine pathogens were further analyzed. Histology was used to identify microscopic lesions in multiple tissues. Metagenomics was used to detect viral sequences in tissue homogenates. In situ hybridization was used to detect viral RNA expression in cardiac tissue. In all three cases we characterized the genome of a new Circovirus we called PCV3 with a replicase and capsid proteins showing 55 and 35 % identities to the genetically-closest proteins from a bat-feces associated Circovirus and were even more distant to those of Porcine Circovirus 1 and 2. Common microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis and/or cardiac arteriolitis. Viral mRNA was detected intralesionally in cardiac cells. Deep sequencing in tissues also revealed the presence of Porcine astrovirus 4 in all three animals as well as rotavirus A, Porcine cytomegalovirus and Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in individual cases. The pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of this new Circovirus, alone or in the context of co-infections, warrants further investigations.
Linlin Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection of a novel Circovirus pcv3 in pigs with cardiac and multi systemic inflammation
Virology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Stephanie Rossow, Douglas Marthaler, Tung Gia Phan, Federico Giannitti, Todd P Knutson, Linlin Li, Xutao Deng, Talita P ResendeAbstract:Porcine Circovirus 2 causes different clinical syndromes resulting in a significant economic loss in the pork industry. Three pigs with unexplained cardiac and multi-organ inflammation that tested negative for PCV2 and other known Porcine pathogens were further analyzed. Histology was used to identify microscopic lesions in multiple tissues. Metagenomics was used to detect viral sequences in tissue homogenates. In situ hybridization was used to detect viral RNA expression in cardiac tissue. In all three cases we characterized the genome of a new Circovirus we called PCV3 with a replicase and capsid proteins showing 55 and 35 % identities to the genetically-closest proteins from a bat-feces associated Circovirus and were even more distant to those of Porcine Circovirus 1 and 2. Common microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis and/or cardiac arteriolitis. Viral mRNA was detected intralesionally in cardiac cells. Deep sequencing in tissues also revealed the presence of Porcine astrovirus 4 in all three animals as well as rotavirus A, Porcine cytomegalovirus and Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in individual cases. The pathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of this new Circovirus, alone or in the context of co-infections, warrants further investigations.